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History of U.S. Marine Corps
Operations in World War II

Volume II:
Isolation of Rabaul

by
Henry I. Shaw, Jr.
and
Major Douglas T. Kane, USMC.

Historical Branch, G-3 Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps
1963

 


. . . For Those Who Served


Contents

PART I: Strategic Situation--Spring 1943
ChapterPage
1.Setting the Stage3
2.The Opening Moves18
3.Order of Battle32
PART II: T Operation
1.Objective: New Georgia41
2.E Underway59
3.Munda Victory89
4.The Dragons Peninsula Campaign119
5.End of the Campaign148
PART III: Northern Solomons Operations
1.Continuing the Pressure167
2.Diversionary Assaults188
3.Assault on Cape Torokina205
4.Holding the Beachhead225
5.Advance to Piva Forks247
6.End of a Mission270
PART IV: The New Britain Campaign
1.New Britain Prelude297
2.The Enemy: Terrain and Troops319
3.D Landings334
4.Capture of the Airfields357
5.The Drive to Borgen Bay374
6.Eastward to Iboki391
7.Talasea and Beyond411
8.Conclusion428
PART V: Marine Air Against Rabaul
1.Target: Rabaul441
2.Approach March455
3.Knockout by Torokina478
PART VI: Conclusion
1.Encirclement507
2.Appraisal537
 
Appendices
A.Bibliographical Notes543
B.Guide to Abbreviations552
C.Military Map Symbols556
D.Chronology557
E.Fleet Marine Force Status--30 April 1943562
F.Table of Organization E-100--Marine Division571
G.Marine Task Organization and Command List574
H.Marine Casualties587
I.Unit Commendations588
 
Index597


Illustrations

 Page
Simpson Harbor and Rabaul22
Marines of the 3d Raider Battalion22
Burial Ceremony at Viru Harbor66
155mm Guns of the 9th Defense Battalion66
Gun Crew of the 9th Defense Battalion86
Avenger Torpedo Bombers96
Marine Light Tank on New Georgia96
Casualties Evacuated by PBY127
Column of Marine Raiders Near Enogai127
New Zealand Troops Land on Vella Lavella159
Munda Airfield159
Landing Craft Readied for Bougainville D-Day209
Marines Wading Ashore at Bougainville215
Puruata Island and Torokina Airfield215
Mud Clings to Ammunition Carriers231
Admiral Halsey and General Geiger231
Field Telephone Lines Are Laid250
Numa Numa Trail Position of 2/21268
Marine Wounded Are Carried From Hill 1000268
Piva Airfields282
Field Artillery Fires by Marine 155mm Guns282
Troopers of the 112th Cavalry Land at Arawe341
Marines Move Ashore at Cape Gloucester341
Shore Party Marines Build a Sandbag Ramp351
105mm Howitzers of 4/11 Support the Attack351
Marine Riflemen Attack Toward the Airfield368
Medium Tank Crosses Suicide Creek368
75mm Half Track and 37mm Gun at Hill 660390
Japanese Flags Captured by Marines390
Patrol of Marines Near Borgen Bay405
Army Amphibian Engineers and Marines at Iboki405
Captured Japanese Zero452
Japanese Val Dive Bombers452
Japanese Antiaircraft Crews During a B-25 Attack480
Parafrag Bombs Drop on Vunakanau Airfield480
Mechanics of VMF-211 Repair a Corsair495
Marine TBFs Loaded for a Rabaul Strike500
Marine SBDs Headed for Vunakanau500
Seabee Equipment Unloaded on Green Island513
First Wave Ashore on Los Negros513
Town of Rabaul on 22 March 1944525
Corsairs at Emirau Airfield525
Leyte Invasion Fleet in Seeadler Harbor534
Marine Mitchells Fly Over Crater Peninsula534


Maps

No. Page
1.Seizure of the Russell Islands, 21 February 194325
2.Kiriwina and Woodlark Islands, Showing C Landings61
3.Seizure of Viru Harbor, 28 June--1 July 194368
4.Seizure of Wickham Anchorage, 30 June--3 July 194375
5.Munda Campaign, XIV Corps, 2-15 July91
6.Munda Campaign, XIV Corps, 25-30 July109
7.Munda Campaign, XIV Corps, 2-4 August115
8.Dragons Peninsula, Northern Landing Group, 4-19 July122
9.The Attack on Bairoko, Northern Landing Group, 20 July137
10.Vella Lavella Bypass and Mop-up on Arundel151
11.Bougainville169
12.Treasury Islands Landing, I Marine Amphibious Corps, 27 October 1943190
13.Choiseul Diversion, 2d Parachute Battalion, 28 October--3 November 1943196
14.The Landing at Cape Torokina, I Marine Amphibious Corps, 1 November 1943212
15.Expansion of the Beachhead, I Marine Amphibious Corps, 1 November--15 December 1943227
16.Japanese Counterlanding, Laruma River Area, 7 November 1943233
17.Battle for Piva Trail, 2d Raider Regiment, 8-9 November238
18.Coconut Grove, 2d Battalion, 21st Marines, 13-14 November242
19.Battle of Piva Forks, First Phase, 19-20 November258
20.Battle of Piva Forks, Final Phase, 21-25 November260
21.Hellzapoppin Ridge, Nearing the End, 6-18 December274
22.B Staging Area, 1st Marine Division Dispositions, 18 December 1943302
23.B Objective Area, Showing Japanese Dispositions, 26 December 1943320
24.Arawe Landing, 15 December 1943337
25.Sketch Map of the S Trail Block, 30 December 1943347
26.Advance to Suicide Creek378
27.Capture of Aogiri Ridge383
28.Capture of Hill 660387
29.Japanese Withdrawal Routes, January--March 1944396
30.Volupai-Talasea Operations, 6-11 March 1944, 5th Marines Route of Advance415
31.Rabaul and Kavieng443
32.Seizure of the Green Island, Showing Landing Plan at Nissan, 15 February 1944509
33.Principal Landings in the Admiralties, 24 February--15 March 1944517
34.Kavieng and Emirau520
 
I.Rabaul Strategic AreaMap Section
II.The New Georgia GroupMap Section
III.Western New Britain, Showing Major Rivers and Mountain RangesMap Section
IV.Seizure and Defense of the AirdromeMap Section
V.Rabaul and Its Airfields, November 1943Map Section
VI.Pilots' Strip Map, New Georgia to New IrelandMap Section


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