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Current Pharmaceutical Design

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

Review Article

In-situ Gels for Brain Delivery: Breaching the Barriers

Author(s):Gul Naz Fatima,Priyanka Maurya, Nishtha andShailendra K. Saraf*

Volume 29, Issue 40, 2023

Published on: 10 August, 2023

Page: [3240 - 3253]Pages: 14

DOI:10.2174/1381612829666230803114513

Price: $65

TIMBC 2025
Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulates blood and chemical exchange in the central nervous system.It is made up of brain parenchyma capillary endothelial cells. It separates the interstitial cerebrospinal fluidfrom the circulation and limits brain drug entry. Peptides, antibodies, and even tiny hydrophilic biomoleculescannot flow across the BBB due to their semi-permeability. It protects the brain from poisons, chemicals, andpathogens, and blood cells penetrate brain tissue. BBB-facilitated carrier molecules allow selective permeabilityof nutrients such as D-glucose, L-lactic acid, L-phenylalanine, L-arginine, and hormones, especially steroidhormones. Brain barriers prevent drug molecules from entering, making medication delivery difficult. Drugscan reach specific brain regions through the nasal cavity, making it a preferred route. Thein-situ gels are mucoadhesive,which extends their stay in the nasal cavity, allows them to penetrate deep and makes them a dependableway of transporting numerous medications, including peptides and proteins, straight into the centralnervous system. This approach holds great potential for neurological therapy as they deliver drugs directly tothe central nervous system, with less interference and better drug release control. The brain affects daily life byprocessing sensory stimuli, controlling movement and behaviour, and sustaining mental, emotional, and cognitivefunctioning. Unlike systemic routes, the nasal mucosa is extensively vascularized and directly contacts olfactorysensory neurons. Compared to the systemic circulation, this improves brain bioavailability of medications.Drugs can be delivered to the brain usingin-situ gel formulations safely and efficiently, with a greatertherapeutic impact than with traditional techniques.

Keywords:Alzheimer’s, blood-brain barrier, poloxamer, thermo-responsive,in-situ gel, chitosan.

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Current Pharmaceutical Design

Title:In-situ Gels for Brain Delivery: Breaching the Barriers

Volume: 29Issue: 40

Author(s):Gul Naz Fatima, Priyanka Maurya, Nishtha and Shailendra K. Saraf*

Affiliation:

        • Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Sector II, Dr. Akhilesh Das Nagar, FaizabadRoad, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India

        Keywords:Alzheimer’s, blood-brain barrier, poloxamer, thermo-responsive,in-situ gel, chitosan.

        Abstract: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulates blood and chemical exchange in the central nervous system.It is made up of brain parenchyma capillary endothelial cells. It separates the interstitial cerebrospinal fluidfrom the circulation and limits brain drug entry. Peptides, antibodies, and even tiny hydrophilic biomoleculescannot flow across the BBB due to their semi-permeability. It protects the brain from poisons, chemicals, andpathogens, and blood cells penetrate brain tissue. BBB-facilitated carrier molecules allow selective permeabilityof nutrients such as D-glucose, L-lactic acid, L-phenylalanine, L-arginine, and hormones, especially steroidhormones. Brain barriers prevent drug molecules from entering, making medication delivery difficult. Drugscan reach specific brain regions through the nasal cavity, making it a preferred route. Thein-situ gels are mucoadhesive,which extends their stay in the nasal cavity, allows them to penetrate deep and makes them a dependableway of transporting numerous medications, including peptides and proteins, straight into the centralnervous system. This approach holds great potential for neurological therapy as they deliver drugs directly tothe central nervous system, with less interference and better drug release control. The brain affects daily life byprocessing sensory stimuli, controlling movement and behaviour, and sustaining mental, emotional, and cognitivefunctioning. Unlike systemic routes, the nasal mucosa is extensively vascularized and directly contacts olfactorysensory neurons. Compared to the systemic circulation, this improves brain bioavailability of medications.Drugs can be delivered to the brain usingin-situ gel formulations safely and efficiently, with a greatertherapeutic impact than with traditional techniques.

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        Cite this article as:

        Fatima Gul Naz, Maurya Priyanka, Nishtha and Saraf K. Shailendra*,In-situ Gels for Brain Delivery: Breaching the Barriers, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2023; 29 (40) .https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612829666230803114513

        DOI
        https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612829666230803114513        		Print ISSN
        1381-6128
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        1873-4286

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