1. The Great Game was played out on China's western borders in the 19th century between Russia and which other country?
U.K. (Britain)
India
France
The British Empire wanted to protect its prized possession: India. To stopRussia threatening northern India (now Pakistan), Britain invadedAfghanistan and controlled both Nepal and Tibet.
2. The 'Treaty of Tianjin' was signed during which conflict?
Second World War
Opium Wars
Boxer Rebellion
There were twoOpium Wars with the U.K.: 1840-42 and 1856-60. In the 2nd War the Anglo-French force beat the Chinese and the Treaty of Tianjin was signed in 1858, which legalized the opium trade.
The semi-autonomous territory ofHong Kong retains its own flag and currency. The flag has the flower of the orchid tree (Bauhinia ? blakeana) has large thick leaves and striking purplish red flowers. The hybrid originates from Hong Kong botanical gardens in 1880.
The Po Lin MonasteryHong Kong with its famous Big Buddha statue
4. What was Zhou Enlai's position in the Chinese government 1949-76?
Chairman
Premier
President
Zhou Enlai helped mitigate some of the worst effects of Mao Zedong's reformist policies. As premier he was responsible for implementing policy rather than devising it. He was greatly loved by the Chinese people and the huge outpouring of grief at Zhou's funeral demonstrated massive support for his political ethos (compassionate and pragmatic) and signaled the end of the control of the Gang of Four hard-liners.
5. Bronze vessels reached their zenith of intricate design in which dynasty?
Yuan
Xia
Shang
The artistry ofShang dynasty bronze vessels is amazing. They are very large with intricate designs, and many are decorated with Chinese characters. Some were made by joining parts made from several separate molds.
Early bronze tiger mask
Top Academy in China 725-1911
China can lay claim to having the longest lived academic institution. The Hanlin Academy was founded way back in the Tang dynasty long before any European university. For nearly 1,200 years it employed all the top scholars in many disciplines and had its own set of buildings at the Imperial capital. The academy produced Imperial edicts, the Imperial histories as well as educating the Emperor's children and administering the universityexamination system.Read more…6. The Yellow Emperor is believed to have lived how long ago?
3,000 years ago
4,500 years ago
10,000 years ago
The legendaryYellow Emperor (Huangdi) is credited with many Chinese inventions and laws that have lasted centuries. The traditional Chinese year is numbered from the year of his birth in 2697BCE. His tomb is said to be at Huangling, Shaanxi
7. Marco Polo originated from which European city?
Venice
Marseilles
Genoa
Marco's father Niccolò and uncle Maffeo Polo traveled with him to China in 1275 and stayed there for 17 years. The second-hand description of China as a land of marvels greatly influenced early European attitudes. He was born in Venice in 1254 and died there in 1324.
Marco Polo in Tartar costume. Source: Scann? de Coureurs des mers, Poivre d'Arvor.Photo by Grevembrock, available under aCreative Commons license➚.
8. Bao Zheng has a temple commemorated him near Kaifeng, what is he most remembered for?
Incorruptible judge
Inventor
Astronomer
Bao Zheng包拯 (Bao Gong) lived [999 - 1062] inSong dynasty China. He stood up against anyone who was corrupt or evaded justice, even members of his own and the emperor's family.
9. In 1762 the population of China had reached how many?
25 million
500 million
200 million
The huge population of 200 million was the major factor in the decline of theQing dynasty. There was insufficient food and land to support such large numbers of people.
10. Who led the Mongol conquest of southern China which ended the Song dynasty?
Kublai Khan
Wang Anshi
Genghiz Khan
Genghiz Khan died in the conquest of the Western Xia kingdom in 1227. It was his grandson Kublai Khan who conquered southern China in 1279.
A Chinese red lacquer tray over wood with engraved golden foil, from the Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD), dated 12th to early 13th century. As the Freer and Sackler Galleries museum description states, in China the gold-engraving technique is called qiangjin. The museum caption states that this method has existed since roughly the 3rd century AD, although it was not until the Song Dynasty era that gold engravings were found on luxury lacquerwares. After a wooden tray was covered with multiple layers of cinnabar-colored lacquer, fine lines were then incised into the new surface. These incisions were then filled with an adhesive of clear lacquer, followed by the pressing of gold foil into the grooves. The two long-tailed birds and a peony plant depicted in this tray are symbolic of longevity and prosperity in Chinese culture, since the Chinese word for "long life" (shou) sounds similar to the words for long-tailed birds (dai shou). Image byPericlesofAthens➚ available under aCreative Commons License➚
11. Who ordered the construction of the famous marble boat at the Summer Palace, Beijing?
Emperor Taizu
Yuan Shikai
Dowager Empress Cixi
After the Anglo-French force destroyed theOld Summer Palace in 1860 the Dowager Empress Cixi built a new, smallerSummer Palace to take its place. By the side of Kunming Lake she had built a marble boat. Many say that Dowager Empress Cixi diverted funds earmarked for building amodern navy but there is no proof for this. Parts of the boat are made of wood but painted to look like marble.
12. Which Emperor built the Forbidden City in Beijing?
Emperor Yongle
Emperor Hongwu
Emperor Kangxi
It was Ming Emperor Yongle who moved the whole Imperial administration fromNanjing to Beijing in 1421. The huge and lavishForbidden City is spread over 178 acres.
Forbidden City, Beijing. Copyright Richard Wingfield, October 2017.
13. The robot that trundled around the moon's surface in 2013 was called what?
Baby dragon
Confucius
Jade rabbit
In December 2013 Chang'e 3 landed on the moon and launched a rover called ?Jade Rabbit?月兔 Yùtù that trundled around for a day or so before suffering an electrical failure. The rover is named after the legend that arabbit lives on themoon.
14. What was the highest grade in the old civil service examination system?
Hong Mai
Jinshi
Gaokao
The Jinshi qualification guaranteed a government position and a life of relative luxury. The Jinshiexamination took place at Beijing every three years and the top essays were judged by the Emperor himself.
Examination hall in Beijing. John Clark Ridpath (1899) Image available under aCreative Commons license➚
15. Which historical figure made Chinese silk the must have fabric in ancient times?
Emperor Caligula
Queen of Sheba
Queen Cleopatra of Egypt
It was the Queen of Egypt who set the fashion trends in Rome. Soon the demand forChinese silk was damaging Rome's balance of payments. This led Emperor Tiberius to forbid the wearing of silk by men.
16. The Diaoyu islands were a cause of international tensions in 2012 between China and which other country?
South Korea
Philippines
Japan
The Diaoyu Islands lie to the north ofTaiwan and their sovereignty has been disputed for a long time. The Japanese name for them is the Senkaku Islands. They are small and uninhabited.
SOUTH CHINA SEA (Oct. 15, 2012) The Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS George Washington (CVN 73) is underway in the South China Sea. George Washington and embarked Carrier Air Wing (CVW) 5 provide a combat-ready force that protects and defends the collective maritime interest of the U.S. and its allies and partners in the Asia-Pacific region. The U.S. Navy is constantly deployed to preserve peace, protect commerce, and deter aggression through forward presence. Image byU.S. Navy➚ available under aCreative Commons License➚
17. The ancient Shu kingdom is centered on which modern province?
Fujian
Sichuan
Hubei
Chengdu has been a prosperous city for many centuries, protected by mountains on three sides and the Yangzi to the south; this madeSichuan easy to defend as an independent kingdom. The Shu Han Kingdom had similar boundaries to Sichuan (including Chongqing) in the later part of theThree Kingdoms period.
Shanghai became a cosmopolitan city under the influence of foreign powers in the early days of theRepublic of China.
19. The Art of War was written by which ancient author?
Sun Wu (Tzu)
Sima Qian
Laozi (Lao Tzu)
The Art of War孙子兵法 was written about 2,500 years ago by Sun Wu (Sun Tzu). It was the standard text on military strategy for over two thousand years.
Clay model of Mongol warrior
20. Japan took control of which province in 1914?
Shandong
Hebei
Sichuan
Japan took the side of Britain and France in the First World War in 1914. The Japanese ejected Germans fromShandong province, and then occupied it. Their occupation was confirmed by the western powers at the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 much to the fury of the Chinese people.
Starter level quiz about the long history of China.
12. Which Emperor built the Forbidden City in Beijing?
