Pages Directory

Nuxt provides a file-based routing to create routes within your web application usingVue Router under the hood.

Usage

Pages are Vue components and can have anyvalid extension that Nuxt supports (by default.vue,.js,.jsx,.mjs,.ts or.tsx). Nuxt will automatically create a route for every page in your~/pages/ directory.

<template>  <h1>Index page</h1></template>

// https://vuejs.org/guide/extras/render-function.htmlexportdefaultdefineComponent({render () {returnh('h1','Index page')  }})

// https://nuxt.com/docs/examples/advanced/jsx// https://vuejs.org/guide/extras/render-function.html#jsx-tsxexportdefaultdefineComponent({render () {return <h1>Indexpage</h1>  }})

Thepages/index.vue file will be mapped to the/ route of your application.

If you are usingapp.vue, make sure to use the<NuxtPage/> component to display the current page:

<template>  <div><!-- Markup shared across all pages, ex: NavBar -->    <NuxtPage />  </div></template>

Pagesmust have a single root element to allow route transitions between pages. (HTML comments are considered elements as well.)

This means that when the route is server-rendered, or statically generated, you will be able to see its contents correctly, but when you navigate towards that route during client-side navigation the transition between routes will fail and you'll see that the route will not be rendered.

Here are some examples to illustrate what a page with a single root element looks like:

<template>  <div><!-- This page correctly has only one single root element -->    Page content  </div></template>

<template><!-- This page will not render when route changes during client side navigation, because of this comment -->  <div>Page content</div></template>

<template>  <div>This page</div>  <div>Has more than one root element</div>  <div>And will not render when route changes during client side navigation</div></template>

Dynamic Routes

If you place anything within square brackets, it will be turned into adynamic route parameter. You can mix and match multiple parameters and even non-dynamic text within a file name or directory.

If you want a parameter to beoptional, you must enclose it in double square brackets - for example,~/pages/[[slug]]/index.vue or~/pages/[[slug]].vue will match both/ and/test.

Example

-|pages/---|index.vue---|users-[group]/-----| [id].vue

Given the example above, you can access group/id within your component via the$route object:

<template>  <p>{{ $route.params.group }} - {{ $route.params.id }}</p></template>

Navigating to/users-admins/123 would render:

<p>admins - 123</p>

If you want to access the route using Composition API, there is a globaluseRoute function that will allow you to access the route just likethis.$route in the Options API.

<scriptsetuplang="ts">constroute=useRoute()if (route.params.group==='admins'&&!route.params.id) {console.log('Warning! Make sure user is authenticated!')}</script>

Catch-all Route

If you need a catch-all route, you create it by using a file named like[...slug].vue. This will matchall routes under that path.

<template>  <p>{{ $route.params.slug }}</p></template>

Navigating to/hello/world would render:

<p>["hello", "world"]</p>

Nested Routes

It is possible to displaynested routes with<NuxtPage>.

Example:

-|pages/---|parent/------|child.vue---|parent.vue

This file tree will generate these routes:

[  {path:'/parent',component:'~/pages/parent.vue',name:'parent',children: [      {path:'child',component:'~/pages/parent/child.vue',name:'parent-child'      }    ]  }]

To display thechild.vue component, you have to insert the<NuxtPage> component insidepages/parent.vue:

<template>  <div>    <h1>I am the parent view</h1>    <NuxtPage:foobar="123" />  </div></template>

Child Route Keys

If you want more control over when the<NuxtPage> component is re-rendered (for example, for transitions), you can either pass a string or function via thepageKey prop, or you can define akey value viadefinePageMeta:

<template>  <div>    <h1>I am the parent view</h1>    <NuxtPage:page-key="someKey" />  </div></template>

Or alternatively:

<scriptsetuplang="ts">definePageMeta({key:route=>route.fullPath})</script>

Page Metadata

You might want to define metadata for each route in your app. You can do this using thedefinePageMeta macro, which will work both in<script> and in<script setup>:

<scriptsetuplang="ts">definePageMeta({title:'My home page'})</script>

This data can then be accessed throughout the rest of your app from theroute.meta object.

<scriptsetuplang="ts">constroute=useRoute()console.log(route.meta.title)// My home page</script>

If you are using nested routes, the page metadata from all these routes will be merged into a single object. For more on route meta, see thevue-router docs.

Much likedefineEmits ordefineProps (seeVue docs),definePageMeta is acompiler macro. It will be compiled away so you cannot reference it within your component. Instead, the metadata passed to it will be hoisted out of the component. Therefore, the page meta object cannot reference the component (or values defined on the component). However, it can reference imported bindings.

<scriptsetuplang="ts">import {someData }from'~/utils/example'consttitle=ref('')definePageMeta({title,// This will create an errorsomeData})</script>

Special Metadata

Of course, you are welcome to define metadata for your own use throughout your app. But some metadata defined withdefinePageMeta has a particular purpose:

alias

You can define page aliases. They allow you to access the same page from different paths. It can be either a string or an array of strings as definedhere on vue-router documentation.

keepalive

Nuxt will automatically wrap your page inthe Vue<KeepAlive> component if you setkeepalive: true in yourdefinePageMeta. This might be useful to do, for example, in a parent route that has dynamic child routes, if you want to preserve page state across route changes.

When your goal is to preserve state for parent routes use this syntax:<NuxtPage keepalive />. You can also set props to be passed to<KeepAlive> (see a full listhere).

You can set a default value for this propertyin yournuxt.config.

key

See above.

layout

You can define the layout used to render the route. This can be either false (to disable any layout), a string or a ref/computed, if you want to make it reactive in some way.More about layouts.

layoutTransition andpageTransition

You can define transition properties for the<transition> component that wraps your pages and layouts, or passfalse to disable the<transition> wrapper for that route. You can see a list of options that can be passedhere or readmore about how transitions work.

You can set default values for these propertiesin yournuxt.config.

middleware

You can define middleware to apply before loading this page. It will be merged with all the other middleware used in any matching parent/child routes. It can be a string, a function (an anonymous/inlined middleware function followingthe global before guard pattern), or an array of strings/functions.More about named middleware.

name

You may define a name for this page's route.

path

You may define a path matcher, if you have a more complex pattern than can be expressed with the file name. Seethevue-router docs for more information.

Typing Custom Metadata

If you add custom metadata for your pages, you may wish to do so in a type-safe way. It is possible to augment the type of the object accepted bydefinePageMeta:

declaremodule'#app' {interfacePageMeta {pageType?:string  }}// It is always important to ensure you import/export something when augmenting a typeexport {}

Navigation

To navigate between pages of your app, you should use the<NuxtLink> component.

This component is included with Nuxt and therefore you don't have to import it as you do with other components.

A simple link to theindex.vue page in yourpages folder:

<template>  <NuxtLinkto="/">Home page</NuxtLink></template>

Programmatic Navigation

Nuxt 3 allows programmatic navigation through thenavigateTo() utility method. Using this utility method, you will be able to programmatically navigate the user in your app. This is great for taking input from the user and navigating them dynamically throughout your application. In this example, we have a simple method callednavigate() that gets called when the user submits a search form.

Note: Ensure to alwaysawait onnavigateTo or chain its result by returning from functions.

<scriptsetuplang="ts">constname=ref('');consttype=ref(1);functionnavigate(){returnnavigateTo({path:'/search',query: {name:name.value,type:type.value    }  })}</script>

Custom routing

As your app gets bigger and more complex, your routing might require more flexibility. For this reason, Nuxt directly exposes the router, routes and router options for customization in different ways.

Multiple pages directories

By default, all your pages should be in onepages directory at the root of your project.However, you can use Layers to create groupings of your app's pages.

Example:

-|nuxt.config.ts-|some-app/---|nuxt.config.ts---|pages-----|app-page.vue

// some-app/nuxt.config.tsexportdefaultdefineNuxtConfig({})// nuxt.config.tsexportdefaultdefineNuxtConfig({extends: ['./some-app'],})