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      std::atomic_exchange,std::atomic_exchange_explicit

      From cppreference.com
      <cpp‎ |atomic
       
       
      Concurrency support library
      Threads
      (C++11)
      (C++20)
      this_thread namespace
      (C++11)
      (C++11)
      (C++11)
      Cooperative cancellation
      Mutual exclusion
      Generic lock management
      (C++11)
      (C++11)
      (C++11)
      (C++11)
      Condition variables
      (C++11)
      Semaphores
      Latches and Barriers
      (C++20)
      (C++20)
      Futures
      (C++11)
      (C++11)
      (C++11)
      Safe reclamation
      Hazard pointers
      Atomic types
      (C++11)
      (C++20)
      Initialization of atomic types
      (C++11)(deprecated in C++20)
      (C++11)(deprecated in C++20)
      Memory ordering
      (C++11)(deprecated in C++26)
      Free functions for atomic operations
      atomic_exchangeatomic_exchange_explicit
      (C++11)(C++11)
      Free functions for atomic flags
       
      Defined in header<atomic>
      template<class T>

      T atomic_exchange(std::atomic<T>* obj,

                         typenamestd::atomic<T>::value_type desired)noexcept;
      (1)(since C++11)
      template<class T>

      T atomic_exchange(volatilestd::atomic<T>* obj,

                         typenamestd::atomic<T>::value_type desired)noexcept;
      (2)(since C++11)
      template<class T>

      T atomic_exchange_explicit(std::atomic<T>* obj,
                                 typenamestd::atomic<T>::value_type desired,

                                 std::memory_order order)noexcept;
      (3)(since C++11)
      template<class T>

      T atomic_exchange_explicit(volatilestd::atomic<T>* obj,
                                 typenamestd::atomic<T>::value_type desired,

                                 std::memory_order order)noexcept;
      (4)(since C++11)
      1,2) Atomically replaces the value pointed to byobj with the value ofdesired and returns the valueobj held previously, as if byobj->exchange(desired).
      3,4) Atomically replaces the value pointed to byobj with the value ofdesired and returns the valueobj held previously, as if byobj->exchange(desired, order).

      Contents

      [edit]Parameters

      obj - pointer to the atomic object to modify
      desired - the value to store in the atomic object
      order - the memory synchronization ordering

      [edit]Return value

      The value held previously by the atomic object pointed to byobj.

      [edit]Example

      A spinlock mutex can be implemented in userspace using an atomic exchange operation, similar tostd::atomic_flag_test_and_set:

      Run this code
      #include <atomic>#include <iostream>#include <thread>#include <vector> std::atomic<bool> lock(false);// holds true when locked// holds false when unlocked int new_line{1};// the access is synchronized via atomic lock variable void f(int n){for(int cnt=0; cnt<100;++cnt){while(std::atomic_exchange_explicit(&lock,true,std::memory_order_acquire));// spin until acquiredstd::cout<< n<<(new_line++%80?"":"\n");std::atomic_store_explicit(&lock,false,std::memory_order_release);}} int main(){std::vector<std::thread> v;for(int n=0; n<8;++n)        v.emplace_back(f, n);for(auto& t: v)        t.join();}

      Possible output:

      02222222222222222222222002222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222000222222222022222111111111111100000111111111000000000000001100011111110001111100000111111000001111110000011100000000111111111111111000001000000100111111011111111011111011000000000000111100000000000001111000011133333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333334444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555566666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666667777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777

      [edit]Defect reports

      The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

      DRApplied toBehavior as publishedCorrect behavior
      P0558R1C++11exact type match was required because
      T was deduced from multiple arguments
      T is only deduced
      fromobj

      [edit]See also

      atomically replaces the value of the atomic object and obtains the value held previously
      (public member function ofstd::atomic<T>)[edit]
      atomically compares the value of the atomic object with non-atomic argument and performs atomic exchange if equal or atomic load if not
      (function template)[edit]
      specializes atomic operations forstd::shared_ptr
      (function template)
      C documentation foratomic_exchange,atomic_exchange_explicit
      Retrieved from "https://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/atomic/atomic_exchange&oldid=171254"

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