Program support utilities

From cppreference.com

Compiler support
Freestanding and hosted
Language
Standard library
Standard library headers
Named requirements
Feature test macros(C++20)
Language support library
Concepts library(C++20)
Diagnostics library
Memory management library
Metaprogramming library(C++11)
General utilities library
Containers library
Iterators library
Ranges library(C++20)
Algorithms library
Strings library
Text processing library
Numerics library
Date and time library
Input/output library
Filesystem library(C++17)
Concurrency support library(C++11)
Execution control library(C++26)
Technical specifications
Symbols index
External libraries

[edit]

Utilities library

Language support

Type support (basic types, RTTI)

Library feature-test macros(C++20)

Program utilities

Variadic functions

initializer_list

(C++11)

is_constant_evaluated

(C++20)

is_within_lifetime

(C++26)

source_location

(C++20)

Coroutine support(C++20)

Contract support(C++26)

Three-way comparison

three_way_comparablethree_way_comparable_with

(C++20)(C++20)

strong_ordering

(C++20)

weak_ordering

(C++20)

partial_ordering

(C++20)

common_comparison_category

(C++20)

compare_three_way_result

(C++20)

(C++20)

(C++20)

(C++20)

(C++20)

compare_strong_order_fallback

(C++20)

compare_weak_order_fallback

(C++20)

compare_partial_order_fallback

(C++20)

is_eqis_ltis_lteq

(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

is_neqis_gtis_gteq

(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

General utilities

Function objects
Bit manipulation(C++20)
C-style bit manipulation(C++26)
bitset
hash (C++11)

Relational operators(deprecated in C++20)

rel_ops::operator!=rel_ops::operator>

rel_ops::operator<=rel_ops::operator>=

Integer comparison functions

cmp_equalcmp_lesscmp_less_than

(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

cmp_not_equalcmp_greatercmp_greater_than

(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

in_range

(C++20)

Swap andtype operations

swap
ranges::swap (C++20)
exchange (C++14)
declval (C++11)
to_underlying (C++23)

forward (C++11)
forward_like (C++23)
move (C++11)
move_if_noexcept (C++11)
as_const (C++17)

Common vocabulary types

pair
tuple (C++11)
optional (C++17)
any (C++17)
variant (C++17)

tuple_size (C++11)
tuple_element (C++11)
apply (C++17)
make_from_tuple (C++17)
expected (C++23)

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Program support utilities

Program termination

abort
exit
quick_exit (C++11)
_Exit (C++11)

atexit
at_quick_exit (C++11)
EXIT_SUCCESSEXIT_FAILURE

Unreachable control flow

unreachable

(C++23)

Communicating with the environment

system

getenv

Signals

signal
raise
sig_atomic_t

SIG_DFLSIG_IGN
SIG_ERR

[edit]Program termination

The following functions manage program termination and resource cleanup.

Defined in header`<cstdlib>`
abort	causes abnormal program termination (without cleaning up) (function)[edit]
exit	causes normal program termination with cleaning up (function)[edit]
quick_exit (C++11)	causes quick program termination without completely cleaning up (function)[edit]
_Exit (C++11)	causes normal program termination without cleaning up (function)[edit]
atexit	registers a function to be called onstd::exit() invocation (function)[edit]
at_quick_exit (C++11)	registers a function to be called onstd::quick_exit invocation (function)[edit]
EXIT_SUCCESSEXIT_FAILURE	indicates program execution status (macro constant)[edit]

Unreachable control flow

Defined in header`<utility>`
unreachable (C++23)	marks unreachable point of execution (function)[edit]

(since C++23)

[edit]Communicating with the environment

Defined in header`<cstdlib>`
system	calls the host environment's command processor (function)[edit]
getenv	access to the list of environment variables (function)[edit]

[edit]Signals

Several functions and macro constants for signal management are provided.

Defined in header`<csignal>`
signal	sets a signal handler for particular signal (function)[edit]
raise	runs the signal handler for particular signal (function)[edit]
sig_atomic_t	the integer type that can be accessed as an atomic entity from an asynchronous signal handler (typedef)
SIG_DFLSIG_IGN	defines signal handling strategies (macro constant)[edit]
SIG_ERR	return value of`signal` specifying that an error was encountered (macro constant)[edit]
Signal types
SIGABRTSIGFPESIGILLSIGINTSIGSEGVSIGTERM	defines signal types (macro constant)[edit]

[edit]Non-local jumps

Defined in header`<csetjmp>`
setjmp	saves the context (function macro)[edit]
longjmp	jumps to specified location (function)[edit]
Types
jmp_buf	execution context type (typedef)[edit]