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Notes toAugust Wilhelm Rehberg

1. See Rehberg toNicolovius, September 25, 1790,Kant, Briefwechsel, ed.OttoSchöndorffer (Hamburg: Meiner, 1972), pp. 472-474. The query wasdirected to Kant through Nicolovius. Rehberg later gave his accountof the correspondence in the introduction to hisSämmtlicheSchriften (Hannover: Hahn, 1828-31), I, 52-60.

2. See Kant to RehbergSeptember 25, 1790,Gesammelte Schriften ed. Prussian Academyof the Sciences (Berlin: de Gruyter, 1902ff), XI 195-199.

3. See J.B. Jachmann toKant, October 14, 1790,Schriften XI, 211.

4. Among the HannoverianWhigs were Ernst Brandes, L.T. Spittler and A.L. Schlözer. Theyacknowledged a great debt to Justus Möser. On the Hannoverianschool, see myEnlightenment, Revolution & Romanticism: TheGenesis of Modern German Political Thought, 1790-1800 (Cambridge:Harvard University Press, 1992), pp. 302-305.

5. Klaus Epstein,The Genesis of German Conservatism (Princeton: PrincetonUniversity Press, 1965), pp. 547-594.

6. Ibid, p. 549.

7. TheReflectionswere translated by Friedrich Gentz and published in 1793 under thetitleBetrachtungen über die französische Revolution nachdem Englischen des Herrn Burke (Berlin, 1793). The best study onBurke in Germany is Frieda Braune,Edmund Burke in Deutschland(Heidelberg: Winters, 1917).

8. See Reinhold Aris,AHistory of Political Thought in Germany,1789-1815 (London:Cass, 1936), pp. 251, 252-258; and Friedrich Jaeger and JörnRüsen,Geschichte des Historismus (Munich: Beck, 1992),pp. 21, 28.

9. See Epstein,Genesis, p. 565. On Rehberg's relationship to Stein, seeGerhard Ritter,Stein. Eine politische Biographie (Berlin,1931), I, 143-183; and Erich Weniger, ‘Stein und Rehberg’,Niedersächisches Jahrbuch 2 (1925), I, 1-124.

10. SeeFriedrichSchlegel, Kritische Ausgabe, ed. Ernst Behler, et al., (Munich:Schöningh, 1958f), I, 1 and clxxxvi-viii.

11. SeeSämmtliche Schriften IV, 240-277.

12.Abhandlungenüber das Wesen und die Einschränkungen der Kräflte,welcher die Königliche Akademie zu Berlin in May 1779 dasAccessit zuerkannt hat (Leipzig: Wigand, 1779).

13. See the introductionto hisSämmtliche Schriften I, 7.

14. Ibid, I, 8, 11.

15. Ibid, I, 12,19.

16. Ibid, II, 24.

17. Ibid, I, 15.

18. Epstein,Genesis p. 701, states thatÜber das Verhältnisder Metaphysik zu der Religion is “of littleimportance” for understanding his conservatism, and rarelyrefers to his philosophy in discussing his political views. Vogelstresses the importance of the early philosophy,KonservativeKritik, p. 12, but she stresses and focuses almost exclusively onhis critique of Kant, p. 78. She underplays his early skepticism andhis critique of Reinhold and Jacobi.

19. See his review ofJacobi,David Hume über den Glauben, A.L.Z. 1788, No. 92;and his review of Herder,Gott, Einige Gespräche, A.L.Z1788, No. 2a. Rehberg republished these reivews in hisSämmtliche Schriften I, 23-49.

20. See his review ofEberhard'sPhilosophisches Magazin in A.L.Z. 1789 I,713-716.

21. See theintroduction toSämmtliche Schriften, p. 17.

22.Über dasVerhältnis, pp. 9-15.

23. Ibid, pp. 108-110,167-175.

24. Introduction toSämmtliche Schriften, p. 16.

25.Über dasVerhältnis, p. 140-1.

26. Ibid, p. 139.

27. The two mostimportant reviews are ALZ I (1791) No. 26, 201-208 and No. 27,209-214.

28. See KrV A 133/B 172:“…the power of judgment is a special talent that cannot betaught but only practiced”. Rehberg does not explicitly citethis text but he most probably has it in mind.

29. For a fuller accountof Rehberg's argument, see Manfred Frank,UnendlicheAnnäherung: Die Anfänge der philosophischenFrühromantik (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1997), pp. 336-346; andDieter Henrich,Grundlegung aus dem Ich: Untersuchungen zurVorgeschichte des Idealismus (Frankfurt: Surhkamp, 2004),pp. 604-612.

30. See the evidencecited in Frank,Unendliche Annäherung, p 336.

31. Thelocusclassicus for the Hannoverian attitude toward Britian is ErnstBrandes ‘Über den politischen Geist Englands’,Berlinische Monatsschrift 7 (1786), 101-126, 217-241,293-323.

32. See Brandes,‘Geist Englands’, pp. 293-320.

33. See the introductionto hisÜber den deutschen Adel (Göttingen: Röwer,1803), p. 8.

34. Epstein,Genesis, pp. 571-2.

35.Adel,pp. 92-93.

36. Ibid, pp. 160-1.

37.Untersuchungenüber die französische Revolution (Hannover: Ritscher,1793). All references in parentheses are to this edition.

38. Ibid, pp. 12, 14,45-50, 54, 105.

39. KrV, B 171-2.

40. SeeUntersuchungen, p. 54; andSämmtliche Schriften, I,105-6.

41. Rehberg'sreview appeared in theAllgemeine Literatur Zeitung 188 (August6, 1788), 345-352. Rehberg reprinted the review in hisSämtliche Schriften I, 60-84; it has been reprinted inMaterialien zu Kants Kritik der praktischen Vernunft,eds. R. Bittner and K. Cranmer (Fanrkfurt: Suhrkamp, 1975),pp. 179-186. Since Rehberg's review touches on issues lessrelevant to his political theory, I will not consider its contentshere.

42. ‘Über denGemeinspruch: Das mag in der Theorie richtig sein, taugt aber nichtfür die Praxis’, in Kant,Schriften, ed. PrussianAcademy of Sciences (Berlin: de Gruyter, 1902f), VIII, 273-314.

43. ‘Über dasVerhältnis der Theorie zur Praxis’,BerlinischeMonatsschrift 23 (1794), 114-143. This essay has been reprintedin the collectionÜber Theorie und Praxis, ed. Dieter Henrich(Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1967), pp. 113-130. References in parenthesesare to this more accessible edition.

44. Rehberg,Schriften IV, 146.

45.Cf.Untersuchungen, I, 45-50.

46. Jaeger andRüsen never mention him in theirGeschichte desHistorismus; Georg Iggers ignores him entirely in his popularstudy of historicism,The German Conception of History(Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, 1968).

47. Friedrich Meinecke,Entstehung des Historismus (Munich: Oldenbourg, 1965), pp.287, 309.

48. See Friedrich Carlvon Savigny,Vom Beruf unserer Zeit für Gesetzgebung undRechtswissenschaft (Heidelberg: Mohr und Zimmer, 1814), pp. 44,55, 112. Rehberg had attacked the code in hisÜber den CodeNapoleon und dessen Einführung in Deutschland (Hannover:Hahn,1814).

49. On Rehberg'scritique of the natural law tradition, seeSchriften I, 95-122,andUntersuchungen 61-69.

50. See, for example,Weniger, ‘Stein und Rehberg’, p. 54; Lessing,Rehbergund die französiche Revolution, p. 137; and Aris,History, p. 56. The rationalist side of Rehberg'sposition has been properly stressed by Epstein,Genesis,pp. 580-1, and Vogel,Konservative Kritik, pp. 76-77

51. See, for example,Rehberg's review of Gustave Hugo'sLehrbuch desNaturrechts, inSchriften IV, 102-121, esp. 108-109,117-118, 120.

52. Fichte,Beiträge zur Berichtigung der Urteile des Publikums überdie französische Revolution, in Fichte,Werke,ed. I.H. Fichte (Berlin: Veit, 1845-51), VI, 56-57.

53. Rehberg,Schriften IV, 145.

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Frederick C. Beiser<fbeiser@syr.edu>

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