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#NAME

POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1

#SYNOPSIS

    use POSIX ();    use POSIX qw(setsid);    use POSIX qw(:errno_h :fcntl_h);    printf "EINTR is %d\n", EINTR;    $sess_id = POSIX::setsid();    $fd = POSIX::open($path, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0644);# note: that's a filedescriptor, *NOT* a filehandle

#DESCRIPTION

The POSIX module permits you to access all (or nearly all) the standard POSIX 1003.1 identifiers. Many of these identifiers have been given Perl-ish interfaces.

This document gives a condensed list of the features available in the POSIX module. Consult your operating system's manpages for general information on most features. Consultperlfunc for functions which are noted as being identical or almost identical to Perl's builtin functions.

The first section describes POSIX functions from the 1003.1 specification. The second section describes some classes for signal objects, TTY objects, and other miscellaneous objects. The remaining sections list various constants and macros in an organization which roughly follows IEEE Std 1003.1b-1993.

#CAVEATS

Everything is exported by default (with a handful of exceptions). This is an unfortunate backwards compatibility feature and its use isstronglydiscouraged. You should either prevent the exporting (by sayinguse POSIX ();, as usual) and then use fully qualified names (e.g.POSIX::SEEK_END), or give an explicit import list. If you do neither and opt for the default (as inuse POSIX;), you will importhundreds and hundreds of symbols into your namespace.

A few functions are not implemented because they are C specific. If you attempt to call these, they will print a message telling you that they aren't implemented, and suggest using the Perl equivalent, should one exist. For example, trying to access thesetjmp() call will elicit the message "setjmp() is C-specific: use eval {} instead".

Furthermore, some evil vendors will claim 1003.1 compliance, but in fact are not so: they will not pass the PCTS (POSIX Compliance Test Suites). For example, one vendor may not defineEDEADLK, or the semantics of the errno values set byopen(2) might not be quite right. Perl does not attempt to verify POSIX compliance. That means you can currently successfully say "use POSIX", and then later in your program you find that your vendor has been lax and there's no usableICANON macro after all. This could be construed to be a bug.

#FUNCTIONS

#_exit

This is identical to the C function_exit(). It exits the program immediately which means among other things buffered I/O isnot flushed.

Note that when using threads and in Linux this isnot a good way to exit a thread because in Linux processes and threads are kind of the same thing (Note: while this is the situation in early 2003 there are projects under way to have threads with more POSIXly semantics in Linux). If you want not to return from a thread, detach the thread.

#abort

This is identical to the C functionabort(). It terminates the process with aSIGABRT signal unless caught by a signal handler or if the handler does not return normally (it e.g. does alongjmp).

#abs

This is identical to Perl's builtinabs() function, returning the absolute value of its numerical argument (except thatPOSIX::abs() must be provided an explicit value (rather than relying on an implicit$_):

$absolute_value = POSIX::abs(42);   # good$absolute_value = POSIX::abs();     # throws exception

#access

Determines the accessibility of a file.

if( POSIX::access( "/", &POSIX::R_OK ) ){print "have read permission\n";}

Returnsundef on failure. Note: do not useaccess() for security purposes. Between theaccess() call and the operation you are preparing for the permissions might change: a classicrace condition.

#acos

This is identical to the C functionacos(), returning the arcus cosine of its numerical argument. See alsoMath::Trig.

#acosh

This is identical to the C functionacosh(), returning the hyperbolic arcus cosine of its numerical argument [C99]. See alsoMath::Trig.

#alarm

This is identical to Perl's builtinalarm() function, either for arming or disarming theSIGARLM timer, except thatPOSIX::alarm() must be provided an explicit value (rather than relying on an implicit$_):

POSIX::alarm(3)     # goodPOSIX::alarm()      # throws exception

#asctime

This is identical to the C functionasctime(). It returns a string of the form

"Fri Jun  2 18:22:13 2000\n\0"

and it is called thusly

$asctime = asctime($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon,   $year, $wday, $yday, $isdst);

The$mon is zero-based: January equals0. The$year is 1900-based: 2001 equals101.$wday and$yday default to zero (and are usually ignored anyway), and$isdst defaults to -1.

#asin

This is identical to the C functionasin(), returning the arcus sine of its numerical argument. See alsoMath::Trig.

#asinh

This is identical to the C functionasinh(), returning the hyperbolic arcus sine of its numerical argument [C99]. See alsoMath::Trig.

#assert

Unimplemented, but you can use"die" in perlfunc and theCarp module to achieve similar things.

#atan

This is identical to the C functionatan(), returning the arcus tangent of its numerical argument. See alsoMath::Trig.

#atanh

This is identical to the C functionatanh(), returning the hyperbolic arcus tangent of its numerical argument [C99]. See alsoMath::Trig.

#atan2

This is identical to Perl's builtinatan2() function, returning the arcus tangent defined by its two numerical arguments, they coordinate and thex coordinate. See alsoMath::Trig.

#atexit

Not implemented.atexit() is C-specific: useEND {} instead, seeperlmod.

#atof

Not implemented.atof() is C-specific. Perl converts strings to numbers transparently. If you need to force a scalar to a number, add a zero to it.

#atoi

Not implemented.atoi() is C-specific. Perl converts strings to numbers transparently. If you need to force a scalar to a number, add a zero to it. If you need to have just the integer part, see"int" in perlfunc.

#atol

Not implemented.atol() is C-specific. Perl converts strings to numbers transparently. If you need to force a scalar to a number, add a zero to it. If you need to have just the integer part, see"int" in perlfunc.

#bsearch

bsearch() not supplied. For doing binary search on wordlists, seeSearch::Dict.

#calloc

Not implemented.calloc() is C-specific. Perl does memory management transparently.

#cbrt

The cube root [C99].

#ceil

This is identical to the C functionceil(), returning the smallest integer value greater than or equal to the given numerical argument.

#chdir

This is identical to Perl's builtinchdir() function, allowing one to change the working (default) directory -- see"chdir" in perlfunc -- with the exception thatPOSIX::chdir() must be provided an explicit value (rather than relying on an implicit$_):

$rv = POSIX::chdir('path/to/dir');      # good$rv = POSIX::chdir();                   # throws exception

#chmod

This is identical to Perl's builtinchmod() function, allowing one to change file and directory permissions -- see"chmod" in perlfunc -- with the exception thatPOSIX::chmod() can only change one file at a time (rather than a list of files):

$c = chmod 0664, $file1, $file2;          # good$c = POSIX::chmod 0664, $file1;           # throws exception$c = POSIX::chmod 0664, $file1, $file2;   # throws exception

As with the built-inchmod(),$file may be a filename or a file handle.

#chown

This is identical to Perl's builtinchown() function, allowing one to change file and directory owners and groups, see"chown" in perlfunc.

#clearerr

Not implemented. Use the methodIO::Handle::clearerr() instead, to reset the error state (if any) and EOF state (if any) of the given stream.

#clock

This is identical to the C functionclock(), returning the amount of spent processor time in microseconds.

#close

Close the file. This uses file descriptors such as those obtained by callingPOSIX::open.

$fd = POSIX::open( "foo", &POSIX::O_RDONLY );POSIX::close( $fd );

Returnsundef on failure.

See also"frexp" and"ldexp".

#scanf

Not implemented.scanf() is C-specific, use <> and regular expressions instead, seeperlre.

#setgid

Sets the real group identifier and the effective group identifier for this process. Similar to assigning a value to the Perl's builtin$) variable, see"$EGID" in perlvar, except that the latter will change only the real user identifier, and that the setgid() uses only a single numeric argument, as opposed to a space-separated list of numbers.

#setjmp

Not implemented.setjmp() is C-specific: useeval {} instead, see"eval" in perlfunc.

#setlocale

WARNING! Do NOT use this function in athread. The locale will change in all other threads at the same time, and should your thread get paused by the operating system, and another started, that thread will not have the locale it is expecting. On some platforms, there can be a race leading to segfaults if two threads call this function nearly simultaneously.

Modifies and queries the program's underlying locale. Users of this function should readperllocale, whch provides a comprehensive discussion of Perl locale handling, knowledge of which is necessary to properly use this function. It containsa section devoted to this function. The discussion here is merely a summary reference forsetlocale(). Note that Perl itself is almost entirely unaffected by the locale except within the scope of"use locale". (Exceptions are listed in"Not within the scope of "use locale"" in perllocale.)

The following examples assume

use POSIX qw(setlocale LC_ALL LC_CTYPE);

has been issued.

The following will set the traditional UNIX system locale behavior (the second argument"C").

$loc = setlocale( LC_ALL, "C" );

The following will query the currentLC_CTYPE category. (No second argument means 'query'.)

$loc = setlocale( LC_CTYPE );

The following will set theLC_CTYPE behaviour according to the locale environment variables (the second argument""). Please see your system'ssetlocale(3) documentation for the locale environment variables' meaning or consultperllocale.

$loc = setlocale( LC_CTYPE, "" );

The following will set theLC_COLLATE behaviour to Argentinian Spanish.NOTE: The naming and availability of locales depends on your operating system. Please consultperllocale for how to find out which locales are available in your system.

$loc = setlocale( LC_COLLATE, "es_AR.ISO8859-1" );

#setpayload

use POSIX ':nan_payload';setpayload($var, $payload);

Sets theNaN payload of var.

NOTE: the NaN payload APIs are based on the latest (as of June 2015) proposed ISO C interfaces, but they are not yet a standard. Things may change.

See"nan" for more discussion aboutNaN.

#setpayloadsig

use POSIX ':nan_payload';setpayloadsig($var, $payload);

Like"setpayload" but also makes the NaNsignaling.

Depending on the platform the NaN may or may not behave differently.

Note the API instability warning in"setpayload".

Note that because how the floating point formats work out, on the most common platforms signaling payload of zero is best avoided, since it might end up being identical to+Inf.

See also"nan","isnan","getpayload", and"issignaling".

#setpgid

This is similar to the C functionsetpgid() for setting the process group identifier of the current process.

Returnsundef on failure.

#setsid

This is identical to the C functionsetsid() for setting the session identifier of the current process.

#setuid

Sets the real user identifier and the effective user identifier for this process. Similar to assigning a value to the Perl's builtin$< variable, see"$UID" in perlvar, except that the latter will change only the real user identifier.

#sigaction

Detailed signal management. This usesPOSIX::SigAction objects for theaction andoldaction arguments (the oldaction can also be just a hash reference). Consult your system'ssigaction manpage for details, see alsoPOSIX::SigRt.

Synopsis:

sigaction(signal, action, oldaction = 0)

Returnsundef on failure. Thesignal must be a number (likeSIGHUP), not a string (like"SIGHUP"), though Perl does try hard to understand you.

If you use theSA_SIGINFO flag, the signal handler will in addition to the first argument, the signal name, also receive a second argument, a hash reference, inside which are the following keys with the following semantics, as defined by POSIX/SUSv3:

signo       the signal numbererrno       the error numbercode        if this is zero or less, the signal was sent by            a user process and the uid and pid make sense,            otherwise the signal was sent by the kernel

The constants for specificcode values can be imported individually or using the:signal_h_si_code tag.

The following are also defined by POSIX/SUSv3, but unfortunately not very widely implemented:

pid         the process id generating the signaluid         the uid of the process id generating the signalstatus      exit value or signal for SIGCHLDband        band event for SIGPOLLaddr        address of faulting instruction or memory            reference for SIGILL, SIGFPE, SIGSEGV or SIGBUS

A third argument is also passed to the handler, which contains a copy of the raw binary contents of thesiginfo structure: if a system has some non-POSIX fields, this third argument is where tounpack() them from.

Note that not allsiginfo values make sense simultaneously (some are valid only for certain signals, for example), and not all values make sense from Perl perspective, you should to consult your system'ssigaction and possibly alsosiginfo documentation.

#siglongjmp

Not implemented.siglongjmp() is C-specific: use"die" in perlfunc instead.

#signbit

Returns zero for positive arguments, non-zero for negative arguments [C99].

#sigpending

Examine signals that are blocked and pending. This usesPOSIX::SigSet objects for thesigset argument. Consult your system'ssigpending manpage for details.

Synopsis:

sigpending(sigset)

Returnsundef on failure.

#sigprocmask

Change and/or examine calling process's signal mask. This usesPOSIX::SigSet objects for thesigset andoldsigset arguments. Consult your system'ssigprocmask manpage for details.

Synopsis:

sigprocmask(how, sigset, oldsigset = 0)

Returnsundef on failure.

Note that you can't reliably block or unblock a signal from its own signal handler if you're using safe signals. Other signals can be blocked or unblocked reliably.

#sigsetjmp

Not implemented.sigsetjmp() is C-specific: useeval {} instead, see"eval" in perlfunc.

#sigsuspend

Install a signal mask and suspend process until signal arrives. This usesPOSIX::SigSet objects for thesignal_mask argument. Consult your system'ssigsuspend manpage for details.

Synopsis:

sigsuspend(signal_mask)

Returnsundef on failure.

#sin

This is identical to Perl's builtinsin() function for returning the sine of the numerical argument, see"sin" in perlfunc. See alsoMath::Trig.

#sinh

This is identical to the C functionsinh() for returning the hyperbolic sine of the numerical argument. See alsoMath::Trig.

#sleep

This is functionally identical to Perl's builtinsleep() function for suspending the execution of the current for process for certain number of seconds, see"sleep" in perlfunc. There is one significant difference, however:POSIX::sleep() returns the number ofunslept seconds, while theCORE::sleep() returns the number of slept seconds.

#sprintf

This is similar to Perl's builtinsprintf() function for returning a string that has the arguments formatted as requested, see"sprintf" in perlfunc.

#sqrt

This is identical to Perl's builtinsqrt() function. for returning the square root of the numerical argument, see"sqrt" in perlfunc.

#srand

Give a seed the pseudorandom number generator, see"srand" in perlfunc.

#sscanf

Not implemented.sscanf() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, seeperlre.

#stat

This is identical to Perl's builtinstat() function for returning information about files and directories.

#strcat

Not implemented.strcat() is C-specific, use.= instead, seeperlop.

#strchr

Not implemented.strchr() is C-specific, see"index" in perlfunc instead.

#strcmp

Not implemented.strcmp() is C-specific, useeq orcmp instead, seeperlop.

#strcoll

This is identical to the C functionstrcoll() for collating (comparing) strings transformed using thestrxfrm() function. Not really needed since Perl can do this transparently, seeperllocale.

Beware that in a UTF-8 locale, anything you pass to this function must be in UTF-8; and when not in a UTF-8 locale, anything passed must not be UTF-8 encoded.

#strcpy

Not implemented.strcpy() is C-specific, use= instead, seeperlop.

#strcspn

Not implemented.strcspn() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, seeperlre.

#strerror

Returns the error string for the specified errno. Identical to the string form of$!, see"$ERRNO" in perlvar.

#strftime

Convert date and time information to string. Returns the string.

Synopsis:

strftime(fmt, sec, min, hour, mday, mon, year, wday = -1, yday = -1, isdst = -1)

The month (mon), weekday (wday), and yearday (yday) begin at zero,i.e., January is 0, not 1; Sunday is 0, not 1; January 1st is 0, not 1. The year (year) is given in years since 1900,i.e., the year 1995 is 95; the year 2001 is 101. Consult your system'sstrftime() manpage for details about these and the other arguments.

If you want your code to be portable, your format (fmt) argument should use only the conversion specifiers defined by the ANSI C standard (C89, to play safe). These areaAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYZ%. But even then, theresults of some of the conversion specifiers are non-portable. For example, the specifiersaAbBcpZ change according to the locale settings of the user, and both how to set locales (the locale names) and what output to expect are non-standard. The specifierc changes according to the timezone settings of the user and the timezone computation rules of the operating system. TheZ specifier is notoriously unportable since the names of timezones are non-standard. Sticking to the numeric specifiers is the safest route.

The given arguments are made consistent as though by callingmktime() before calling your system'sstrftime() function, except that theisdst value is not affected.

The string for Tuesday, December 12, 1995.

$str = POSIX::strftime( "%A, %B %d, %Y", 0, 0, 0, 12, 11, 95, 2 );print "$str\n";

#strlen

Not implemented.strlen() is C-specific, uselength() instead, see"length" in perlfunc.

#strncat

Not implemented.strncat() is C-specific, use.= instead, seeperlop.

#strncmp

Not implemented.strncmp() is C-specific, useeq instead, seeperlop.

#strncpy

Not implemented.strncpy() is C-specific, use= instead, seeperlop.

#strpbrk

Not implemented.strpbrk() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, seeperlre.

#strrchr

Not implemented.strrchr() is C-specific, see"rindex" in perlfunc instead.

#strspn

Not implemented.strspn() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, seeperlre.

#strstr

This is identical to Perl's builtinindex() function, see"index" in perlfunc.

#strtod

String to double translation. Returns the parsed number and the number of characters in the unparsed portion of the string. Truly POSIX-compliant systems set$! ($ERRNO) to indicate a translation error, so clear$! before callingstrtod. However, non-POSIX systems may not check for overflow, and therefore will never set$!.

strtod respects any POSIXsetlocale()LC_TIME settings, regardless of whether or not it is called from Perl code that is within the scope ofuse locale. This means it should not be used in a threaded application unless it's certain that the underlying locale is C or POSIX. This is because it otherwise changes the locale, which globally affects all threads simultaneously.

To parse a string$str as a floating point number use

$! = 0;($num, $n_unparsed) = POSIX::strtod($str);

The second returned item and$! can be used to check for valid input:

if (($str eq '') || ($n_unparsed != 0) || $!) {    die "Non-numeric input $str" . ($! ? ": $!\n" : "\n");}

When called in a scalar contextstrtod returns the parsed number.

#strtok

Not implemented.strtok() is C-specific, use regular expressions instead, seeperlre, or"split" in perlfunc.

#strtol

String to (long) integer translation. Returns the parsed number and the number of characters in the unparsed portion of the string. Truly POSIX-compliant systems set$! ($ERRNO) to indicate a translation error, so clear$! before callingstrtol. However, non-POSIX systems may not check for overflow, and therefore will never set$!.

strtol should respect any POSIXsetlocale() settings.

To parse a string$str as a number in some base$base use

$! = 0;($num, $n_unparsed) = POSIX::strtol($str, $base);

The base should be zero or between 2 and 36, inclusive. When the base is zero or omittedstrtol will use the string itself to determine the base: a leading "0x" or "0X" means hexadecimal; a leading "0" means octal; any other leading characters mean decimal. Thus, "1234" is parsed as a decimal number, "01234" as an octal number, and "0x1234" as a hexadecimal number.

The second returned item and$! can be used to check for valid input:

if (($str eq '') || ($n_unparsed != 0) || !$!) {    die "Non-numeric input $str" . $! ? ": $!\n" : "\n";}

When called in a scalar contextstrtol returns the parsed number.

#strtold

Like"strtod" but for long doubles. Defined only if the system supports long doubles.

#strtoul

String to unsigned (long) integer translation.strtoul() is identical tostrtol() except thatstrtoul() only parses unsigned integers. See"strtol" for details.

Note: Some vendors supplystrtod() andstrtol() but notstrtoul(). Other vendors that do supplystrtoul() parse "-1" as a valid value.

#strxfrm

String transformation. Returns the transformed string.

$dst = POSIX::strxfrm( $src );

Used in conjunction with thestrcoll() function, see"strcoll".

Not really needed since Perl can do this transparently, seeperllocale.

Beware that in a UTF-8 locale, anything you pass to this function must be in UTF-8; and when not in a UTF-8 locale, anything passed must not be UTF-8 encoded.

#sysconf

Retrieves values of system configurable variables.

The following will get the machine's clock speed.

$clock_ticks = POSIX::sysconf( &POSIX::_SC_CLK_TCK );

Returnsundef on failure.

#system

This is identical to Perl's builtinsystem() function, see"system" in perlfunc.

#tan

This is identical to the C functiontan(), returning the tangent of the numerical argument. See alsoMath::Trig.

#tanh

This is identical to the C functiontanh(), returning the hyperbolic tangent of the numerical argument. See alsoMath::Trig.

#tcdrain

This is similar to the C functiontcdrain() for draining the output queue of its argument stream.

Returnsundef on failure.

#tcflow

This is similar to the C functiontcflow() for controlling the flow of its argument stream.

Returnsundef on failure.

#tcflush

This is similar to the C functiontcflush() for flushing the I/O buffers of its argument stream.

Returnsundef on failure.

#tcgetpgrp

This is identical to the C functiontcgetpgrp() for returning the process group identifier of the foreground process group of the controlling terminal.

#tcsendbreak

This is similar to the C functiontcsendbreak() for sending a break on its argument stream.

Returnsundef on failure.

#tcsetpgrp

This is similar to the C functiontcsetpgrp() for setting the process group identifier of the foreground process group of the controlling terminal.

Returnsundef on failure.

#tgamma

The Gamma function [C99].

#CLASSES

#`POSIX::SigAction`

#new

Creates a newPOSIX::SigAction object which corresponds to the Cstruct sigaction. This object will be destroyed automatically when it is no longer needed. The first parameter is the handler, a sub reference. The second parameter is aPOSIX::SigSet object, it defaults to the empty set. The third parameter contains thesa_flags, it defaults to 0.

$sigset = POSIX::SigSet->new(SIGINT, SIGQUIT);$sigaction = POSIX::SigAction->new(\&handler, $sigset, &POSIX::SA_NOCLDSTOP     );

ThisPOSIX::SigAction object is intended for use with thePOSIX::sigaction() function.

#handler

#mask

#flags

accessor functions to get/set the values of a SigAction object.

$sigset = $sigaction->mask;$sigaction->flags(&POSIX::SA_RESTART);

#safe

accessor function for the "safe signals" flag of a SigAction object; seeperlipc for general information on safe (a.k.a. "deferred") signals. If you wish to handle a signal safely, use this accessor to set the "safe" flag in thePOSIX::SigAction object:

$sigaction->safe(1);

You may also examine the "safe" flag on the output action object which is filled in when given as the third parameter toPOSIX::sigaction():

sigaction(SIGINT, $new_action, $old_action);if ($old_action->safe) {    # previous SIGINT handler used safe signals}

#`POSIX::SigRt`

#%SIGRT

A hash of the POSIX realtime signal handlers. It is an extension of the standard%SIG, the$POSIX::SIGRT{SIGRTMIN} is roughly equivalent to$SIG{SIGRTMIN}, but the right POSIX moves (see below) are made with thePOSIX::SigSet andPOSIX::sigaction instead of accessing the%SIG.

You can set the%POSIX::SIGRT elements to set the POSIX realtime signal handlers, usedelete andexists on the elements, and usescalar on the%POSIX::SIGRT to find out how many POSIX realtime signals there are available(SIGRTMAX - SIGRTMIN + 1, theSIGRTMAX is a valid POSIX realtime signal).

Setting the%SIGRT elements is equivalent to calling this:

sub new {  my ($rtsig, $handler, $flags) = @_;  my $sigset = POSIX::SigSet($rtsig);  my $sigact = POSIX::SigAction->new($handler,$sigset,$flags);  sigaction($rtsig, $sigact);}

The flags default to zero, if you want something different you can either uselocal on$POSIX::SigRt::SIGACTION_FLAGS, or you can derive from POSIX::SigRt and define your ownnew() (the tied hash STORE method of the%SIGRT callsnew($rtsig, $handler, $SIGACTION_FLAGS), where the$rtsig ranges from zero toSIGRTMAX - SIGRTMIN + 1).

Just as with any signal, you can usesigaction($rtsig, undef, $oa) to retrieve the installed signal handler (or, rather, the signal action).

NOTE: whether POSIX realtime signals really work in your system, or whether Perl has been compiled so that it works with them, is outside of this discussion.

#SIGRTMIN

Return the minimum POSIX realtime signal number available, orundef if no POSIX realtime signals are available.

#SIGRTMAX

Return the maximum POSIX realtime signal number available, orundef if no POSIX realtime signals are available.

#`POSIX::SigSet`

#new

Create a new SigSet object. This object will be destroyed automatically when it is no longer needed. Arguments may be supplied to initialize the set.

Create an empty set.

$sigset = POSIX::SigSet->new;

Create a set withSIGUSR1.

$sigset = POSIX::SigSet->new( &POSIX::SIGUSR1 );

#addset

Add a signal to a SigSet object.

$sigset->addset( &POSIX::SIGUSR2 );

Returnsundef on failure.

#delset

Remove a signal from the SigSet object.

$sigset->delset( &POSIX::SIGUSR2 );

Returnsundef on failure.

#emptyset

Initialize the SigSet object to be empty.

$sigset->emptyset();

Returnsundef on failure.

#fillset

Initialize the SigSet object to include all signals.

$sigset->fillset();

Returnsundef on failure.

#ismember

Tests the SigSet object to see if it contains a specific signal.

if( $sigset->ismember( &POSIX::SIGUSR1 ) ){print "contains SIGUSR1\n";}

#`POSIX::Termios`

#new

Create a new Termios object. This object will be destroyed automatically when it is no longer needed. A Termios object corresponds to thetermios C struct.new() mallocs a new one,getattr() fills it from a file descriptor, andsetattr() sets a file descriptor's parameters to match Termios' contents.

$termios = POSIX::Termios->new;

#getattr

Get terminal control attributes.

Obtain the attributes forstdin.

$termios->getattr( 0 ) # Recommended for clarity.$termios->getattr()

Obtain the attributes for stdout.

$termios->getattr( 1 )

Returnsundef on failure.

#getcc

Retrieve a value from thec_cc field of atermios object. Thec_cc field is an array so an index must be specified.

$c_cc[1] = $termios->getcc(1);

#getcflag

Retrieve thec_cflag field of atermios object.

$c_cflag = $termios->getcflag;

#getiflag

Retrieve thec_iflag field of atermios object.

$c_iflag = $termios->getiflag;

#getispeed

Retrieve the input baud rate.

$ispeed = $termios->getispeed;

#getlflag

Retrieve thec_lflag field of atermios object.

$c_lflag = $termios->getlflag;

#getoflag

Retrieve thec_oflag field of atermios object.

$c_oflag = $termios->getoflag;

#getospeed

Retrieve the output baud rate.

$ospeed = $termios->getospeed;

#setattr

Set terminal control attributes.

Set attributes immediately for stdout.

$termios->setattr( 1, &POSIX::TCSANOW );

Returnsundef on failure.

#setcc

Set a value in thec_cc field of atermios object. Thec_cc field is an array so an index must be specified.

$termios->setcc( &POSIX::VEOF, 1 );

#setcflag

Set thec_cflag field of atermios object.

$termios->setcflag( $c_cflag | &POSIX::CLOCAL );

#setiflag

Set thec_iflag field of atermios object.

$termios->setiflag( $c_iflag | &POSIX::BRKINT );

#setispeed

Set the input baud rate.

$termios->setispeed( &POSIX::B9600 );

Returnsundef on failure.

#setlflag

Set thec_lflag field of atermios object.

$termios->setlflag( $c_lflag | &POSIX::ECHO );

#setoflag

Set thec_oflag field of atermios object.

$termios->setoflag( $c_oflag | &POSIX::OPOST );

#setospeed

Set the output baud rate.

$termios->setospeed( &POSIX::B9600 );

Returnsundef on failure.

#Baud rate values

B38400B75B200B134B300B1800B150B0B19200B1200B9600B600B4800B50B2400B110

#Terminal interface values

TCSADRAINTCSANOWTCOONTCIOFLUSHTCOFLUSHTCIONTCIFLUSHTCSAFLUSHTCIOFFTCOOFF

#c_cc field values

VEOFVEOLVERASEVINTRVKILLVQUITVSUSPVSTARTVSTOPVMINVTIMENCCS

#c_cflag field values

CLOCALCREADCSIZECS5CS6CS7CS8CSTOPBHUPCLPARENBPARODD

#c_iflag field values

BRKINTICRNLIGNBRKIGNCRIGNPARINLCRINPCKISTRIPIXOFFIXONPARMRK

#c_lflag field values

ECHOECHOEECHOKECHONLICANONIEXTENISIGNOFLSHTOSTOP

#c_oflag field values

OPOST

#PATHNAME CONSTANTS

#Constants: _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED_PC_LINK_MAX_PC_MAX_CANON_PC_MAX_INPUT_PC_NAME_MAX_PC_NO_TRUNC_PC_PATH_MAX_PC_PIPE_BUF_PC_VDISABLE

#POSIX CONSTANTS

#Constants: _POSIX_ARG_MAX_POSIX_CHILD_MAX_POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED_POSIX_JOB_CONTROL_POSIX_LINK_MAX_POSIX_MAX_CANON_POSIX_MAX_INPUT_POSIX_NAME_MAX_POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX_POSIX_NO_TRUNC_POSIX_OPEN_MAX_POSIX_PATH_MAX_POSIX_PIPE_BUF_POSIX_SAVED_IDS_POSIX_SSIZE_MAX_POSIX_STREAM_MAX_POSIX_TZNAME_MAX_POSIX_VDISABLE_POSIX_VERSION

#RESOURCE CONSTANTS

Imported with the:sys_resource_h tag.

#Constants: PRIO_PROCESSPRIO_PGRPPRIO_USER

#SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

#Constants: _SC_ARG_MAX_SC_CHILD_MAX_SC_CLK_TCK_SC_JOB_CONTROL_SC_NGROUPS_MAX_SC_OPEN_MAX_SC_PAGESIZE_SC_SAVED_IDS_SC_STREAM_MAX_SC_TZNAME_MAX_SC_VERSION

#ERRNO

#Constants: E2BIGEACCESEADDRINUSEEADDRNOTAVAILEAFNOSUPPORTEAGAINEALREADYEBADFEBADMSGEBUSYECANCELEDECHILDECONNABORTEDECONNREFUSEDECONNRESETEDEADLKEDESTADDRREQEDOMEDQUOTEEXISTEFAULTEFBIGEHOSTDOWNEHOSTUNREACHEIDRMEILSEQEINPROGRESSEINTREINVALEIOEISCONNEISDIRELOOPEMFILEEMLINKEMSGSIZEENAMETOOLONGENETDOWNENETRESETENETUNREACHENFILEENOBUFSENODATAENODEVENOENTENOEXECENOLCKENOLINKENOMEMENOMSGENOPROTOOPTENOSPCENOSRENOSTRENOSYSENOTBLKENOTCONNENOTDIRENOTEMPTYENOTRECOVERABLEENOTSOCKENOTSUPENOTTYENXIOEOPNOTSUPPEOTHEREOVERFLOWEOWNERDEADEPERMEPFNOSUPPORTEPIPEEPROCLIMEPROTOEPROTONOSUPPORTEPROTOTYPEERANGEEREMOTEERESTARTEROFSESHUTDOWNESOCKTNOSUPPORTESPIPEESRCHESTALEETIMEETIMEDOUTETOOMANYREFSETXTBSYEUSERSEWOULDBLOCKEXDEV

#FCNTL

#Constants: FD_CLOEXECF_DUPFDF_GETFDF_GETFLF_GETLKF_OKF_RDLCKF_SETFDF_SETFLF_SETLKF_SETLKWF_UNLCKF_WRLCKO_ACCMODEO_APPENDO_CREATO_EXCLO_NOCTTYO_NONBLOCKO_RDONLYO_RDWRO_TRUNCO_WRONLY

#FLOAT

#Constants: DBL_DIGDBL_EPSILONDBL_MANT_DIGDBL_MAXDBL_MAX_10_EXPDBL_MAX_EXPDBL_MINDBL_MIN_10_EXPDBL_MIN_EXPFLT_DIGFLT_EPSILONFLT_MANT_DIGFLT_MAXFLT_MAX_10_EXPFLT_MAX_EXPFLT_MINFLT_MIN_10_EXPFLT_MIN_EXPFLT_RADIXFLT_ROUNDSLDBL_DIGLDBL_EPSILONLDBL_MANT_DIGLDBL_MAXLDBL_MAX_10_EXPLDBL_MAX_EXPLDBL_MINLDBL_MIN_10_EXPLDBL_MIN_EXP

#FLOATING-POINT ENVIRONMENT

#Constants: FE_DOWNWARDFE_TONEARESTFE_TOWARDZEROFE_UPWARD on systems that support them.

#LIMITS

#Constants: ARG_MAXCHAR_BITCHAR_MAXCHAR_MINCHILD_MAXINT_MAXINT_MINLINK_MAXLONG_MAXLONG_MINMAX_CANONMAX_INPUTMB_LEN_MAXNAME_MAXNGROUPS_MAXOPEN_MAXPATH_MAXPIPE_BUFSCHAR_MAXSCHAR_MINSHRT_MAXSHRT_MINSSIZE_MAXSTREAM_MAXTZNAME_MAXUCHAR_MAXUINT_MAXULONG_MAXUSHRT_MAX

#LOCALE

#Constants: LC_ALLLC_COLLATELC_CTYPELC_MONETARYLC_NUMERICLC_TIMELC_MESSAGES on systems that support them.

#MATH

#Constants

HUGE_VAL

FP_ILOGB0FP_ILOGBNANFP_INFINITEFP_NANFP_NORMALFP_SUBNORMALFP_ZEROINFINITYNANInfNaNM_1_PIM_2_PIM_2_SQRTPIM_EM_LN10M_LN2M_LOG10EM_LOG2EM_PIM_PI_2M_PI_4M_SQRT1_2M_SQRT2 on systems with C99 support.

#SIGNAL

#Constants: SA_NOCLDSTOPSA_NOCLDWAITSA_NODEFERSA_ONSTACKSA_RESETHANDSA_RESTARTSA_SIGINFOSIGABRTSIGALRMSIGCHLDSIGCONTSIGFPESIGHUPSIGILLSIGINTSIGKILLSIGPIPESIGQUITSIGSEGVSIGSTOPSIGTERMSIGTSTPSIGTTINSIGTTOUSIGUSR1SIGUSR2SIG_BLOCKSIG_DFLSIG_ERRSIG_IGNSIG_SETMASKSIG_UNBLOCKILL_ILLOPCILL_ILLOPNILL_ILLADRILL_ILLTRPILL_PRVOPCILL_PRVREGILL_COPROCILL_BADSTKFPE_INTDIVFPE_INTOVFFPE_FLTDIVFPE_FLTOVFFPE_FLTUNDFPE_FLTRESFPE_FLTINVFPE_FLTSUBSEGV_MAPERRSEGV_ACCERRBUS_ADRALNBUS_ADRERRBUS_OBJERRTRAP_BRKPTTRAP_TRACECLD_EXITEDCLD_KILLEDCLD_DUMPEDCLD_TRAPPEDCLD_STOPPEDCLD_CONTINUEDPOLL_INPOLL_OUTPOLL_MSGPOLL_ERRPOLL_PRIPOLL_HUPSI_USERSI_QUEUESI_TIMERSI_ASYNCIOSI_MESGQ

#STAT

#Constants: S_IRGRPS_IROTHS_IRUSRS_IRWXGS_IRWXOS_IRWXUS_ISGIDS_ISUIDS_IWGRPS_IWOTHS_IWUSRS_IXGRPS_IXOTHS_IXUSR
#Macros: S_ISBLKS_ISCHRS_ISDIRS_ISFIFOS_ISREG

#STDLIB

#Constants: EXIT_FAILUREEXIT_SUCCESSMB_CUR_MAXRAND_MAX

#STDIO

#Constants: BUFSIZEOFFILENAME_MAXL_ctermidL_cuseridTMP_MAX

#TIME

#Constants: CLK_TCKCLOCKS_PER_SEC

#UNISTD

#Constants: R_OKSEEK_CURSEEK_ENDSEEK_SETSTDIN_FILENOSTDOUT_FILENOSTDERR_FILENOW_OKX_OK

#WAIT

#Constants

WNOHANGWUNTRACED

#WNOHANG: Do not suspend the calling process until a child process changes state but instead return immediately.
#WUNTRACED: Catch stopped child processes.

#Macros

WIFEXITEDWEXITSTATUSWIFSIGNALEDWTERMSIGWIFSTOPPEDWSTOPSIG

#WIFEXITED: WIFEXITED(${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}) returns true if the child process exited normally (exit() or by falling off the end ofmain())
#WEXITSTATUS: WEXITSTATUS(${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}) returns the normal exit status of the child process (only meaningful ifWIFEXITED(${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}) is true)
#WIFSIGNALED: WIFSIGNALED(${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}) returns true if the child process terminated because of a signal
#WTERMSIG: WTERMSIG(${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}) returns the signal the child process terminated for (only meaningful ifWIFSIGNALED(${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}) is true)
#WIFSTOPPED: WIFSTOPPED(${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}) returns true if the child process is currently stopped (can happen only if you specified the WUNTRACED flag towaitpid())
#WSTOPSIG: WSTOPSIG(${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}) returns the signal the child process was stopped for (only meaningful ifWIFSTOPPED(${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}) is true)

#WINSOCK

(Windows only.)

#Constants: WSAEINTRWSAEBADFWSAEACCESWSAEFAULTWSAEINVALWSAEMFILEWSAEWOULDBLOCKWSAEINPROGRESSWSAEALREADYWSAENOTSOCKWSAEDESTADDRREQWSAEMSGSIZEWSAEPROTOTYPEWSAENOPROTOOPTWSAEPROTONOSUPPORTWSAESOCKTNOSUPPORTWSAEOPNOTSUPPWSAEPFNOSUPPORTWSAEAFNOSUPPORTWSAEADDRINUSEWSAEADDRNOTAVAILWSAENETDOWNWSAENETUNREACHWSAENETRESETWSAECONNABORTEDWSAECONNRESETWSAENOBUFSWSAEISCONNWSAENOTCONNWSAESHUTDOWNWSAETOOMANYREFSWSAETIMEDOUTWSAECONNREFUSEDWSAELOOPWSAENAMETOOLONGWSAEHOSTDOWNWSAEHOSTUNREACHWSAENOTEMPTYWSAEPROCLIMWSAEUSERSWSAEDQUOTWSAESTALEWSAEREMOTEWSAEDISCONWSAENOMOREWSAECANCELLEDWSAEINVALIDPROCTABLEWSAEINVALIDPROVIDERWSAEPROVIDERFAILEDINITWSAEREFUSED

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Movatterモバイル変換

CONTENTS

#NAME

#SYNOPSIS

#DESCRIPTION

#CAVEATS

#FUNCTIONS

#CLASSES

#`POSIX::SigAction`

#`POSIX::SigRt`

#`POSIX::SigSet`

#`POSIX::Termios`

#PATHNAME CONSTANTS

#POSIX CONSTANTS

#RESOURCE CONSTANTS

#SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

#ERRNO

#FCNTL

#FLOAT

#FLOATING-POINT ENVIRONMENT

#LIMITS

#LOCALE

#MATH

#SIGNAL

#STAT

#STDLIB

#STDIO

#TIME

#UNISTD

#WAIT

#WINSOCK

Movatterモバイル変換

CONTENTS

#NAME

#SYNOPSIS

#DESCRIPTION

#CAVEATS

#FUNCTIONS

#CLASSES

#POSIX::SigAction

#POSIX::SigRt

#POSIX::SigSet

#POSIX::Termios

#PATHNAME CONSTANTS

#POSIX CONSTANTS

#RESOURCE CONSTANTS

#SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

#ERRNO

#FCNTL

#FLOAT

#FLOATING-POINT ENVIRONMENT

#LIMITS

#LOCALE

#MATH

#SIGNAL

#STAT

#STDLIB

#STDIO

#TIME

#UNISTD

#WAIT

#WINSOCK

#`POSIX::SigAction`

#`POSIX::SigRt`

#`POSIX::SigSet`

#`POSIX::Termios`