• Brighigna, L., 1974: The ultrastructure of plasmodesmata in sucking scale inTillandsia. Caryologia27, 369–377.

  Google Scholar 

• Burgess, J., 1971: Observations on structure and differentiation in plasmodesmata. Protoplasma73, 83–95.

  Google Scholar 

• Burton, P. R., Hinkley, R. E., Pierson, G. B., 1975: Tannic acidstained microtubules with 12, 13 and 15 protofilaments. J. Cell Biol.65, 227–233.

  Google Scholar 

• Carde, J. P., 1974: Le tissu de transfert (= cellules de Strasburger) dans les aiguilles du pin maritime (Pinuspinaster Ait) II caractères cytochimiques et infrastructuraux de la paroi et des plasmodesmes. J. Microscopie20, 51–72.

  Google Scholar 

• Carnie, S. L., Israelachvili, J. N., Pailthorpe, B. A., 1979: Lipid packing and transbilayer asymmetries of mixed lipid vesicles. Biochim. biophys. Acta554, 340–357.

  Google Scholar 

• Crispeels, M. J., 1980: The endoplasmic reticulum. In: The Biochemistry of Plants, Vol. 1 (Stumpf, P. K., Conn, E. E., eds.), pp. 389–410. New York: Academic Press.

  Google Scholar 

• Donaldson, R. P., Beevers, H., 1977: Lipid composition of organelles from germinating castor bean endosperm. Plant Physiol.59, 259–263.

  Google Scholar 

• Evert, R. F., Eschrich, W., Heyser, W., 1977: Distribution and structure of plasmodesmata in mesophyll and bundle-sheath cells ofZea mays L. Planta136, 77–89.

  Google Scholar 

• Futaesaku, Y., Mizuhira, V., Nakamura, H., 1972: A new fixation method using tannic acid for electron microscopy and some observations of biological specimens. Proc. Int. Congr. Histochem. Cytochem.4, 155–165.

  Google Scholar 

• Flagg-Newton, J., Simpson, L., Loewenstein, W. R., 1979: Permeability of the cell-to-cell membrane channels in mammalian cell junction. Science205, 404–407.

  Google Scholar 

• Gruen, D. R. W., 1980: A statistical mechanical model of the lipid bilayer above its phase transition. Biochim. biophys. Acta595, 161–183.

  Google Scholar 

• -Wolfe, J., 1982: Lateral tensions and pressures in lipid monolayers and membranes. Biochim. biophys. Acta (in press).

• Gunning, B. E. S., Hughes, J. E., Hardham, A. R., 1978: Formative and proliferative divisions, cell differentiation and developmental changes in the meristem ofAzolla roots. Planta143, 121–144.

  Google Scholar 

• —,Robards, A. W., 1976: Plasmodesmata and symplastic transport. In: Transport and Transfer Processes in Plants (Wardlaw, I. E., Passioura, J., eds.), pp. 15–41. New York: Academic Press.

  Google Scholar 

• —,Steer, M. W., 1975: Ultrastructure and the biology of plant cells, pp. 312. London: E. Arnold.

  Google Scholar 

• Hawes, C. R., Juniper, B. E., Horne, J. C., 1981: Low and high voltage electron microscopy of mitosis and cytokinesis in maize roots. Planta152, 397–407.

  Google Scholar 

• Hepler, P. K., 1982: Endoplasmic reticulum in the formation of the cell plate and plasmodesmata. Protoplasma111, 121–133.

  Google Scholar 

• Israelachvili, J. N., 1978: The packing of lipids and proteins in membranes. In: Light Transducing Membranes (Deamer, D., ed.), p. 91. New York: Academic Press.

  Google Scholar 

• —,Mitchell, D. J., Ninham, B. W., 1977: Theory of self-assembly of lipid bilayers and vesicles. Biochim. biophys. Acta470, 185–201.

  Google Scholar 

• Juniper, B. E., Lawton, J. R., 1979: The effect of caffeine, different fixation regimes and low temperature on microtubules in the cells of higher plants. Planta145, 411–416.

  Google Scholar 

• La Fountain, J. R., Zobel, C. R., Thomas, H. R., Calbreath, C., 1977: Fixation and staining of f-actin and microfilaments using tannic acid. J. Ultrastruct. Res.88, 78–86.

  Google Scholar 

• Loewenstein, W. R., Kanno, Y., Socolar, J., 1978: The cell-to-cell channel. Fed. Proc.37, 2645–2650.

  Google Scholar 

• —,Rose, B., 1978: Calcium in (junctional) intercellular communication and a thought on its behaviour in intracellular communication. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.307, 285–307.

  Google Scholar 

• Löpez-Sáez, J. F., Giménez-Martín, G., Risueño, M. C., 1966: Fine structure of the plasmodesm. Protoplasma61, 81–84.

  Google Scholar 

• Mitchell, D. J., Ninham, B. W., 1981: Micelles, vesicles and microemulsions. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2,77, 601–629.

  Google Scholar 

• Nehls, R., Schaffner, G., 1976: Specific negative staining of proteinsin situ with iron tannin. Cytobiol.13, 285–290.

  Google Scholar 

• Olesen, P., 1975: Plasmodesmata between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells in relation to the exchange of C₄-acids. Planta123, 199–202.

  Google Scholar 

• —, 1978: Structure of chloroplast membranes as revealed by natural and experimental fixation with tannic acid: particles in and on a thylakoid membrane. Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen172, 319–342.

  Google Scholar 

• —, 1979: The neck constriction in plasmodesmata: evidence for a peripheral sphincter-like structure revealed by fixation with tannic acid. Planta144, 349–358.

  Google Scholar 

• —, 1980: A model of a possible sphincter associated with plasmodesmatal neck regions. Europ. J. Cell Biol.22, 250.

  Google Scholar 

• Overall, R. L., Gunning, B. E. S., 1982: Intercellular communication inAzolla roots II. Electrical coupling. Protoplasma111, 151–160.

  Google Scholar 

• - - 1982: Intercellular communication in the filamentous green algaOedogonium: electrical coupling and ultrastructure of plasmodesmata. In preparation.

• Pierson, G. B., Burton, P. R., Himes, R. H., 1979: Wall substructure of microtubules polymerisedin vitro from tubulin of crayfish nerve cord and fixed with tannic acid. J. Cell Sci.39, 89–99.

  Google Scholar 

• Reiss-Husson, F., Luzzati, V., 1964: The structure of the micellar solution of some amphiphilic compounds in pure water as determined by absolute small angle X-ray scattering techniques. J. phys. Chem.68, 3504–3511.

  Google Scholar 

• Reynolds, E. S., 1963: The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron-opaque stain in electron microscopy. J. Cell Biol.17, 208–212.

  Google Scholar 

• Robards, A. W., 1968: A new interpretation of plasmodesmatal ultrastructure. Planta82, 200–210.

  Google Scholar 

• —, 1971: The ultrastructure of plasmodesmata. Protoplasma72, 315–323.

  Google Scholar 

• —, 1976: Plasmodesmata in higher plants. In: Intercellular communication in plants: Studies on plasmodesmata (Gunning, B. E. S., Robards, A. W., eds.), pp. 15–53. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer.

  Google Scholar 

• Seagull, R. W., Heath, I. B., 1979: The effects of tannic acid on thein vivo preservation of microfilaments. European J. Cell Biol.20, 184–188.

  Google Scholar 

• Semenova, G. A., Tageeva, S. V., 1972: Ultrastructural organization of intercellular connections between the plasmodesms of plant cells. Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR202, 1427–1428.

  Google Scholar 

• Simonescu, N., Simonescu, M., 1976: Galloylglucoses of low molecular weight as mordants in electron microscopy. J. Cell Biol.70, 608–621.

  Google Scholar 

• Simpson, I., Rose, B., Loewenstein, W. R., 1977: Size limit of molecules permeating the junctional membrane channels. Science195, 294–296.

  Google Scholar 

• Spurr, A. R., 1969: A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy. J. Ultrastruct. Res.26, 31–43.

  Google Scholar 

• Singer, S. J., Nicholson, G. L., 1972: The fluid mosaic model of the structure of cell membranes. Science175, 720–731.

  Google Scholar 

• Tanford, C., 1973: The hydrophobic effect, pp. 200. New York: Wiley.

  Google Scholar 

• Tardieu, A., Luzzati, V., Reman, F. C., 1973: Structure and polymorphism of the hydrocarbon chains of lipids: a study of lecithin-water phases. J. mol. Biol.75, 711–733.

  Google Scholar 

• Tilney, L. G., Bryan, J., Bush, D. J., Fujiwara, K., Mooseker, M. S., Murphy, D. B., Snyder, D. J., 1973: Microtubules: evidence for 13 protofilaments. J. Cell Biol.59, 267–275.

  Google Scholar 

• Vian, B., Rougier, M., 1974: Ultrastructure des plasmodesmes après cryoultramicrotomie. J. Microscopie20, 307–312.

  Google Scholar 

• Wick, S. M., Seagull, R. W., Osborn, M., Weber, K., Gunning, B. E. S., 1981: Immunofluorescence microscopy of organized microtubule arrays in structurally stabilized meristematic plant cells. J. Cell Biol.89, 685–690.

  Google Scholar 

• Wochok, Z. S., Clayton, D., 1976: Ultrastructure of unique plasmodesmata inSelaginella wildenowii. Planta132, 313–315.

  Google Scholar 

• Wolfe, J., Steponkus, P. L., 1981: The stress-strain relation of the plasma membrane of isolated plant protoplasts. Biochim. biophys. Acta643, 663–668.

  Google Scholar 

• Wooding, F. B. P., 1968: Fine structure of callus phloem inPinus pinea. Planta83, 99–110.

  Google Scholar 

• Zee, S.-Y., 1969: The fine structure of differentiating sieve elements ofVicia faba. Aust. J. Bot.17, 441–456.

  Google Scholar 

Download references