Constrained algorithms and algorithms on ranges(C++20) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Constrained algorithms, e.g.ranges::copy,ranges::sort, ... | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Execution policies(C++17) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Numeric operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Operations on uninitialized memory | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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std::ranges
Non-modifying sequence operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Modifying sequence operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sorting operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Binary search operations (on sorted ranges) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Set operations (on sorted ranges) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heap operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minimum/maximum operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Permutation operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fold operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Operations on uninitialized storage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Return types | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Defined in header <algorithm> | ||
Call signature | ||
template<std::random_access_iterator I,std::sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp=ranges::less,class Proj=std::identity> | (1) | (since C++20) (constexpr since C++26) |
template<ranges::random_access_range R,class Comp=ranges::less, class Proj=std::identity> | (2) | (since C++20) (constexpr since C++26) |
Sorts the elements in the range[
first,
last)
in non-descending order. The order of equivalent elements isstable, i.e. guaranteed to be preserved.
A sequence is sorted with respect to a comparatorcomp if for any iteratorit
pointing to the sequence and any non-negative integern
such thatit + n
is a valid iterator pointing to an element of the sequence,std::invoke(comp,std::invoke(proj,*(it+ n)),std::invoke(proj,*it) evaluates tofalse.
The function-like entities described on this page arealgorithm function objects (informally known asniebloids), that is:
Contents |
first, last | - | the iterator-sentinel pair defining therange of elements to sort |
r | - | the range to sort |
comp | - | comparison to apply to the projected elements |
proj | - | projection to apply to the elements |
An iterator equal tolast.
\(\scriptsize N\cdot\log{(N)}\)N·log(N) comparisons, if extra memory is available; where\(\scriptsize N\)N isranges::distance(first, last).\(\scriptsize N\cdot\log^2{(N)}\)N·log²(N) comparisons otherwise. Twice as many projections as the number of comparisons in both cases.
Feature-test macro | Value | Std | Feature |
---|---|---|---|
__cpp_lib_constexpr_algorithms | 202306L | (C++26) | constexpr stable sorting |
This implementation only shows the slower algorithm used when no additional memory is available. See also implementation inMSVC STL andlibstdc++.
struct stable_sort_fn{template<std::random_access_iterator I,std::sentinel_for<I> S,class Comp=ranges::less,class Proj=std::identity> requiresstd::sortable<I, Comp, Proj>constexpr//< since C++26 I operator()(I first, S last, Comp comp={}, Proj proj={})const{auto count=ranges::distance(first, last);auto mid= first+ count/2;auto last_it= first+ count; if(count<=1)return last_it; (*this)(first, mid,std::ref(comp),std::ref(proj));(*this)(mid, last_it,std::ref(comp),std::ref(proj)); ranges::inplace_merge(first, mid, last_it); return last_it;} template<ranges::random_access_range R,class Comp=ranges::less,class Proj=std::identity> requiresstd::sortable<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>constexpr//< since C++26ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R> operator()(R&& r, Comp comp={}, Proj proj={})const{return(*this)(ranges::begin(r),ranges::end(r), std::move(comp), std::move(proj));}}; inlineconstexpr stable_sort_fn stable_sort{}; |
#include <algorithm>#include <array>#include <functional>#include <iomanip>#include <iostream> void print(constauto& seq){for(constauto& elem: seq)std::cout<< elem<<' ';std::cout<<'\n';} struct Particle{std::string name;double mass;// MeVfriendstd::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,const Particle& p){return os<<'\n'<<std::left<<std::setw(8)<< p.name<<" : "<< p.mass;}}; int main(){std::array s{5,7,4,2,8,6,1,9,0,3}; // sort using the default operator< std::ranges::stable_sort(s); print(s); // sort using a standard library compare function object std::ranges::stable_sort(s, std::ranges::greater()); print(s); // sort using a custom function objectstruct{bool operator()(int a,int b)const{return a< b;}} customLess; std::ranges::stable_sort(s.begin(), s.end(), customLess); print(s); // sort using a lambda expression std::ranges::stable_sort(s,[](int a,int b){return a> b;}); print(s); // sort with projection Particle particles[]{{"Electron",0.511},{"Muon",105.66},{"Tau",1776.86},{"Positron",0.511},{"Proton",938.27},{"Neutron",939.57}}; print(particles); std::ranges::stable_sort(particles,{},&Particle::name);//< sorts by name print(particles); std::ranges::stable_sort(particles,{},&Particle::mass);//< sorts by mass print(particles);}
Output:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 99 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 99 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Electron : 0.511Muon : 105.66Tau : 1776.86Positron : 0.511Proton : 938.27Neutron : 939.57 Electron : 0.511Muon : 105.66Neutron : 939.57Positron : 0.511Proton : 938.27Tau : 1776.86 Electron : 0.511Positron : 0.511Muon : 105.66Proton : 938.27Neutron : 939.57Tau : 1776.86
(C++20) | sorts a range into ascending order (algorithm function object)[edit] |
(C++20) | sorts the first N elements of a range (algorithm function object)[edit] |
(C++20) | divides elements into two groups while preserving their relative order (algorithm function object)[edit] |
sorts a range of elements while preserving order between equal elements (function template)[edit] |