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This is the first in a set of reports about global demographic trends. In this report, we describeworld population trends, where population has been increasing, where it is increasing the most, where the least, which countries are the largest, and what's happening to them. This set of reports is part of a larger project describing basic world social, political and economic trends, in ways that can be easily understood by anyone, and that can help to understand the world today.

This first set of reports describes world population trends, and demographic characteristics which may help explain population trends. The demographic characteristics include net natural change (births, deaths and migration), infant mortality rate, fertility rate and age distributions.

Summary

The major points of world population trends are shown in the summary table below.

Summary Table

	Asia	Europe	Latin America and the Caribbean	Northern Africa	Northern America	Sub-Saharan Africa	World
	Asia	Europe	Latin America and the Caribbean	Northern Africa	Northern America	Sub-Saharan Africa	World
Population
1950	1,403,388,587	547,287,120	167,368,224	52,982,395	171,614,868	186,102,610	2,528,743,804
2010	4,164,252,297	738,198,601	590,082,023	209,459,184	344,528,824	856,327,157	6,902,848,086
Population Growth
1950 to 2010	197%	35%	253%	295%	101%	360%	173%
Population Growth - Annual Average
1950 to 1955	2.1%	1.0%	2.9%	2.5%	1.8%	2.2%	1.9%
2005 to 2010	1.1%	0.2%	1.2%	1.8%	0.9%	2.6%	1.2%
Population Distribution
1950	55.5%	21.6%	6.6%	2.1%	6.8%	7.4%	100%
2010	60.3%	10.7%	8.5%	3.0%	5.0%	12.4%	100%

Briefly, world population has grown over the last 60 years, from 2.5 billion in 1950 to almost 7 billion in 2010. However, growth varied by region, increasing the most in Africa, then in Latin America and the Caribbean, and Asia, and increasing the least in Europe.

In addition, while population is still increasing in all regions, the increase has been slowing, and the slowing varied by region. For example, annual average growth rates in Asia declined from 2.1% during 1950-1955 to 1.1% during 2005-2010. On the other hand, European growth rates declined much more, from 1% during 1950-1955 to 0.2% during 2005-2010. Sub-Saharan African growth rates in 2005-2010 (2.6%) were actually higher than they were in 1950-1955 (2.2%). However, this is because average annual growth rates in Sub-Saharan Africa increased to a high of 3% in the 1980s and have since been declining, to the level lower than the 1980s level, but still higher than the 1950s level.

As a consequence of the differing growth rates, and differing slow down of growth rates, the proportion of world population that is from each region has changed over time. The largest change was that Sub-Saharan Africa increased from 7.4% of world population in 1950 to 12.4% in 2010, while Europe declined from 21.6% to 10.7%.

The rest of the demographic reports seek to explain the varying growth and slowdown patterns.

Detailed descriptions of world population trends

Population trends

World populationcontinues to grow(charts 1, 2, table 1).

Population is growing slower in Europe and Northern America then it is in other areas of the world.(chart 3, table 2).

Sub-Saharan Africa is the fastest growing region.(chart 3, table 2).

Population in one sub-region, Eastern Europe, has declined in the past decade.(tables 1 and 2).

Population distribution

Areas that increased as percent of total world population(charts 1 and 2, table 3):

Asia, slightly, from 55.5% in 1950 to 60.3% in 2010.

Sub-Saharan Africa, from 7.4% in 1950 to 12.4% in 2010.

Latin America and the Caribbean, slightly, from 6.6% in 1950 to 8.5% in 2010.

Areas that decreasedas percent of total world population(charts 1 and 2, table 3):

Europe, from 21.6% in 1950 to 10.7% in 2010.

Northern America, from 6.8% in 1950 to 5% in 2010.

10 largest countries

In 1950, the 10 largest countries(China, India, US, Russian Federation, Japan, Indonesia, Germany, Brazil, UK, Italy) were 62% of the total world population. China and India together made up 36% of the total world population(charts 4 and 5, table 4).

In 2010, the 10 largest countries(China, India, US, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Russian Federation, Japan) were 59% of the total world population. China and India together made up 37%(chart 6 and 7, table 5).

The US was 6% of the total world population in 1950 and 5% in 2010(table 4).

China, India and the US were the 3 largest in 1950 and 2010, but Russia and Japan (#4 and #5 in 1950) dropped to 9 and 10 in 2010, and Indonesia and Brazil (#6 and #8 in 1950) were #4 and #5 in 2010(tables 4 and 5).

Germany, the UK and Italy were in the top 10 in 1950 but were no longer in 2010. Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nigeria, which were not in the top 10 in 1950, were in the top 10 in 2010(tables 4 and 5).

Chart 4
largest countries 1950

Chart 5
10 largest 1950, excluding china, india

Chart 6
10 largest 2010

Chart 7
10 largest 2010, excluding china, india

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Table 1

Population
By Region
(Last Column - Special Case of Eastern Europe)

	Asia	Europe	Latin America and the Caribbean	Northern Africa	Northern America	Sub-Saharan Africa	World	Eastern Europe
1950	1,403,388,587	547,287,120	167,368,224	52,982,395	171,614,868	186,102,610	2,528,743,804	220,122,686
1955	1,549,292,725	575,236,145	191,707,177	59,560,875	186,960,025	206,235,129	2,768,992,076	237,039,502
1960	1,707,682,378	603,853,579	220,058,182	67,493,384	204,317,505	230,796,977	3,034,202,005	252,787,317
1965	1,886,185,733	633,590,766	252,604,959	76,342,131	219,223,662	260,594,848	3,328,542,099	266,561,335
1970	2,134,992,648	655,878,615	286,377,144	86,942,694	231,284,373	295,970,846	3,691,446,320	276,227,086
1975	2,393,055,653	676,123,164	323,073,647	98,795,948	242,360,377	338,654,176	4,072,062,965	285,623,781
1980	2,637,585,518	692,869,011	362,326,018	113,071,877	254,453,552	389,802,238	4,450,108,214	294,929,297
1985	2,906,850,838	706,799,741	402,393,418	129,955,461	267,079,432	448,863,242	4,861,942,132	303,677,257
1990	3,199,480,873	720,497,133	443,031,660	146,188,095	281,161,577	515,593,043	5,305,952,381	310,542,983
1995	3,470,446,102	727,422,115	482,647,055	161,394,729	295,749,132	589,677,124	5,727,336,257	309,882,275
2000	3,719,044,238	726,777,241	521,429,117	176,165,857	313,288,975	669,122,828	6,125,828,256	304,172,420
2005	3,944,992,360	730,735,740	557,037,708	192,016,749	329,231,166	757,513,446	6,511,527,169	297,758,038
2010	4,164,252,297	738,198,601	590,082,023	209,459,184	344,528,824	856,327,157	6,902,848,086	294,770,886

Table 2
Population growth
By region
(Last Column - Special Case of Eastern Europe)

	Asia	Europe	Latin America and the Caribbean	Northern Africa	Northern America	Sub-Saharan Africa	World	Eastern Europe
1950 to1955	2.1%	1.0%	2.9%	2.5%	1.8%	2.2%	1.9%	1.5%
1955 to 1960	2.0%	1.0%	3.0%	2.7%	1.9%	2.4%	1.9%	1.3%
1960 to 1965	2.1%	1.0%	3.0%	2.6%	1.5%	2.6%	1.9%	1.1%
1965 to 1970	2.6%	0.7%	2.7%	2.8%	1.1%	2.7%	2.2%	0.7%
1970 to 1975	2.4%	0.6%	2.6%	2.7%	1.0%	2.9%	2.1%	0.7%
1975 to 1980	2.0%	0.5%	2.4%	2.9%	1.0%	3.0%	1.9%	0.7%
1980 to 1985	2.0%	0.4%	2.2%	3.0%	1.0%	3.0%	1.9%	0.6%
1985 to 1990	2.0%	0.4%	2.0%	2.5%	1.1%	3.0%	1.8%	0.5%
1990 to 1995	1.7%	0.2%	1.8%	2.1%	1.0%	2.9%	1.6%	0.0%
1995 to 2000	1.4%	0.0%	1.6%	1.8%	1.2%	2.7%	1.4%	-0.4%
2000 to 2005	1.2%	0.1%	1.4%	1.8%	1.0%	2.6%	1.3%	-0.4%
2005 to 2010	1.1%	0.2%	1.2%	1.8%	0.9%	2.6%	1.2%	-0.2%

Table 3

Population Distribution
By Region

	Asia	Europe	Latin America and the Caribbean	Northern Africa	Northern America	Sub-Saharan Africa
1950	55.5%	21.6%	6.6%	2.1%	6.8%	7.4%
1955	56.0%	20.8%	6.9%	2.2%	6.8%	7.4%
1960	56.3%	19.9%	7.3%	2.2%	6.7%	7.6%
1965	56.7%	19.0%	7.6%	2.3%	6.6%	7.8%
1970	57.8%	17.8%	7.8%	2.4%	6.3%	8.0%
1975	58.8%	16.6%	7.9%	2.4%	6.0%	8.3%
1980	59.3%	15.6%	8.1%	2.5%	5.7%	8.8%
1985	59.8%	14.5%	8.3%	2.7%	5.5%	9.2%
1990	60.3%	13.6%	8.3%	2.8%	5.3%	9.7%
1995	60.6%	12.7%	8.4%	2.8%	5.2%	10.3%
2000	60.7%	11.9%	8.5%	2.9%	5.1%	10.9%
2005	60.6%	11.2%	8.6%	2.9%	5.1%	11.6%
2010	60.3%	10.7%	8.5%	3.0%	5.0%	12.4%

Table 4

Starting with 10 countries largest in 1950

	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2010
China	550,771,433	658,270,094	814,622,841	983,170,638	1,145,195,229	1,269,116,737	1,341,335,152
India	371,856,500	447,844,159	553,873,890	700,058,589	873,785,449	1,053,898,107	1,224,614,327
United States	157,813,040	186,326,215	209,463,865	229,825,004	253,339,097	282,496,310	310,383,948
Russian Federation	102,702,461	119,905,701	130,391,798	138,655,363	148,243,501	146,757,517	142,958,164
Japan	82,199,470	92,500,572	103,710,287	115,914,688	122,251,184	125,720,310	126,535,920
Indonesia	74,837,310	91,946,612	118,361,740	150,820,044	184,345,939	213,395,411	239,870,937
Germany	68,376,002	72,814,899	78,169,287	78,288,577	79,098,094	82,349,027	82,302,465
Brazil	53,974,725	72,758,801	96,078,304	121,711,864	149,650,206	174,425,387	194,946,470
United Kingdom	50,616,012	52,544,356	55,645,390	56,303,011	57,214,474	58,874,117	62,035,570
Italy	46,366,767	49,519,312	53,324,772	56,221,171	56,832,330	56,986,329	60,550,848
World	2,532,229,237	3,038,412,766	3,696,186,306	4,453,007,478	5,306,425,154	6,122,770,220	6,895,889,018
10 as % of World	62%	61%	60%	59%	58%	57%	55%
China and India as % of World	36%	36%	37%	38%	38%	38%	37%
US as % of World	6%	6%	6%	5%	5%	5%	5%

Table 5
Starting with 10 countries largest in 2010

	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2010
China	550,771,433	658,270,094	814,622,841	983,170,638	1,145,195,229	1,269,116,737	1,341,335,152
India	371,856,500	447,844,159	553,873,890	700,058,589	873,785,449	1,053,898,107	1,224,614,327
United States	157,813,040	186,326,215	209,463,865	229,825,004	253,339,097	282,496,310	310,383,948
Indonesia	74,837,310	91,946,612	118,361,740	150,820,044	184,345,939	213,395,411	239,870,937
Brazil	53,974,725	72,758,801	96,078,304	121,711,864	149,650,206	174,425,387	194,946,470
Pakistan	37,542,380	45,920,204	59,382,651	80,492,664	111,844,679	144,522,192	173,593,383
Nigeria	37,859,746	45,926,253	57,357,275	75,543,388	97,552,057	123,688,536	158,423,182
Bangladesh	37,894,678	50,101,943	66,881,158	80,624,423	105,256,026	129,592,275	148,692,131
Russian Federation	102,702,461	119,905,701	130,391,798	138,655,363	148,243,501	146,757,517	142,958,164
Japan	82,199,470	92,500,572	103,710,287	115,914,688	122,251,184	125,720,310	126,535,920
World	2,532,229,237	3,038,412,766	3,696,186,306	4,453,007,478	5,306,425,154	6,122,770,220	6,895,889,018
10 as % of World	60%	60%	60%	60%	60%	60%	59%

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Comparisons with reports from other sources

A number of other reports also describe data or trends about demographics. Some of these reports include:

IMF Global Demographic Trends http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2006/09/picture.htm

The US Census Bureau shows world population and growth rates http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/worldpopinfo.php

Rapid Growth in Less Developed Regions  http://www.unfpa.org/pds/trends.htm  fromtheUNPopulationFund. Talks about population growth and the reasons why.

World Population Prospects: 2010   http://esa.un.org/wpp/index.htm

Human population growth and the demographic transition. John Bongaarts. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 27 October 2009 vol. 364 no. 1532 2985-2990
http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/364/1532/2985.short

World Population Growth, 1950-2050, Population Reference Bureau
http://www.prb.org/Educators/TeachersGuides/HumanPopulation/PopulationGrowth.aspx

European population compared with world population
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/European_population_compared_with_world_population

Population Growth over Human History
http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange2/current/lectures/human_pop/human_pop.html

Population: A Lively Introduction
http://www.prb.org/Publications/PopulationBulletins/2003/PopulationALivelyIntroductionPDF260KB.aspx

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World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision, United Nations Population Division, UN Data,http://data.un.org
All of the tables and charts in this reports were prepared by Gene Shackman.

All of the data used in this report are from the United Nationshttp://data.un.org/ They write, "All data and metadata provided on UNdata’s website are available free of charge and may be copied freely, duplicated and further distributed provided that UNdata is cited as the reference."http://data.un.org/Host.aspx?Content=UNdataUse Thus, all charts and tables in our report may be used freely, provided the proper citation is given (Shackman et al, 2012, from data provided by UNData). All text from this report may be used freely provided that the proper citation is given (Shackman et al. 2012).

First Copyright June 2002. Updated December 2012.
May be used provided proper citation is given.
Cite as
Shackman, Gene, Xun Wang and Ya-Lin Liu. 2012. Briefreview of world demographic trends - Population. The Global Social Change Research Project.Available at
http://gsociology.icaap.org/report/demsum.html

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