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Micro (GNU) Emacs-like text editor ❤️ public-domain

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troglobit/mg

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Introduction

Mg is aMicro Emacs clone created in 1987, based on the originalMicroEMACS v30 released by Dave Conroy in 1985. The name, "MicroGNU Emacs", was disputed early on by the FSF, so today it simply goes bymg. This software is fully free and in the public domain.

The intention is to be a small, fast, and portable Emacs-like editor forusers who cannot, or do not want to, run the real Emacs for one reasonor another. Compatibility with GNU Emacs is key for Mg, separating itfrom otherErsatzEmacs clones, because there should never be anyreason to learn more than one Emacs flavor.

Try thelatest release,use the tarball with a version in the name, avoid GitHub generated links!Releases come with aconfigure script, so you don't need autotools.Only a C compiler,make and you're set to go.

Usage

When Emacs was born keyboards had aMeta key. Accessing functionswithMeta combinations today is usually the same as holding down theAlt key, or tappingEsc once.

Other editors use short forms likeCtrl-V or^V, in Emacs this iswrittenC-v. Some usage examples:

KeyShortExampleDescription
MetaM-M-xHold downAlt and tapx
CtrlC-C-gHold downCtrl and tapg
CtrlC-C-x C-cHold downCtrl then tapx andc

To access the built-in Quick Help, pressC-h q, meaning: hold downCtrl and taph, then releaseCtrl and tapq. The- has ameaning, as you can see.

Building

This project is completely self hosting. However, by default you need atermcap library, likeNcurses, to provide APIs like:setupterm(),tgoto(), andtputs().

See below for how tobuild without Ncurses.

With termcap/terminfo/curses

On recent Debian/Ubuntu based systemslibtinfo-dev can be used, onolder ones the include fileterm.h is missing, solibncurses-devmust be used instead:

sudo apt install libtinfo-dev

or

sudo apt install libncurses-dev

On other systems you have to install the full Ncurses library instead,on RHEL, CentOS, and Fedora:

sudo yum install ncurses-devel

or

sudo dnf install ncurses-devel

On macOS you need the Xcode command line tools and headers:

xcode-select --install

Then build Mg from the unpacked release tarball:

./configuremakesudo make install

Without curses, completely stand-alone

make clean./configure --without-cursesmakesudo make install

Building from GIT

Users who checked out the source from GitHub must run./autogen.shfirst to create the configure script. This requires GNU autotools to beinstalled on the build system.

There are several options to the configure script to disable features,e.g., to reduce the size, or remove features if you want to be on parwith the official Mg. By default, all below features are enabled:

./configure --help[..]--disable-autoexec   Disable auto-execute support--disable-cmode      Disable C-mode support--disable-compile    Disable C compile & grep mode, used by C-mode--disable-cscope     Disable Cscope support--disable-ctags      Disable ctags(1) support, required by Cscope--disable-dired      Disable directory editor--disable-notab      Disable notab mode support (not in OpenBSD)--disable-regexp     Disable full regexp search--disable-togglenl   Disable toggle-newline-prompt extension (not in OpenBSD)--disable-all        Disable all optional features[..]--with-startup=FILE  Init file to run at startup if ~/.mg is missing--with-mglog         Enable debugging to log file, default: ./log/*.log--without-curses     Build without curses/termcap, default: auto

To build the smallest possible mg, with many features removed:

./configure --disable-all --enable-size-optimizationsmakesudo make install-strip

To build a completely static mg with all features:

./configure LDFLAGS="-static"makesudo make install-strip

Docker

Alpine Linux based Docker container images are available from GitHub:

docker pull ghcr.io/troglobit/mg:latest

To edit files from your host's$HOME, map it to the container's/root and run:

docker run -ti -v $HOME:/root ghcr.io/troglobit/mg:latest

This supports reading your~/.mg and it even takes arguments on thecommand line. Both quick help and the tutorial are bundled.

History

The history is long and intertwined with other MicroEMACS spin-offs butgoes something like this:

  • Nov 15, 1985: MicroEMACS v30 released to mod.sources by Dave G. Conroy
  • Mar 3, 1987: First Release (mg1a) via comp.sources.unix
  • May 26, 1988: Second release: (mg2a) via comp.sources.misc
  • Jan 26, 1992: Linux port released by Charles Hedrick. This versionlater makes its way onto tsx-11, Infomagic, and various other Linuxrepositories.
  • Feb 25, 2000: First import into the OpenBSD tree, where it iscurrently maintained with contributions from many others.
  • May 8, 2016: Import from OpenBSD 5.9 toGitHub
  • May 15, 2016: Mg v3.0, first port back to Linux, by Joachim Wiberg
  • Jul 22, 2018: Mg v3.1, removed libite dependency, by Joachim Wiberg
  • Aug 26, 2018: Mg v3.2, now fully portable1, by Joachim Wiberg
  • Dec 11, 2019: Mg v3.3, misc fixes and new features from OpenBSD
  • Aug 23, 2020: Mg v3.4, new modeline, quick-help, support for gzippedfiles, and building without termcap/Ncurses, by Joachim Wiberg
  • Oct 17, 2021: Mg v3.5, support for Solaris/Illumos based UNIX systemstested on OmniOS and OpenIndiana, sync with Mg from OpenBSD 7.0
  • Apr 10, 2023: Mg v3.6, sync with OpenBSD, improved ctags support
  • Aug 13, 2023: Mg v3.7, sync with OpenBSD, improved usability

See the source distribution for the list ofAUTHORS.

Origin & References

This project is derived from OpenBSD Mg, which is the best (maintained)source of the original Micro Emacs based on mg2a. The intention of thisproject is to developnew usability features, track as many other Mgclones as possible, and, unlike the upstream OpenBSD version, enablehidden features using a standard GNU configure script, while remainingfriendly to porting to resource constrained systems. New features:

  • Emacs-like modeline with(row,col) and newdisplay-time-mode
  • Support for building without curses, using termios + escape seq.
  • Support for exhuberant/universal ctagstags file format
  • Built-in*quick* help usingC-h q
  • Tutorial accessible usingC-h t
  • Support for Ctrl-cursor + Ctrl-PgUp/PgDn like Emacs
  • Support forM-x no-tab-mode andM-x version
  • Support for opening gzipped text files in read-only mode

Merged, and continously tracked, clones:

Note: the officialportable Mg project, used by Debian andother GNU/Linux distributions, is maintained by Han Boetes. Unlikethis project, which is stand-alone, Boetes relies onlibbsd tomaintain portability.

Please report any bugs and problems with the packaging and porting tothe GitHub issue trackerhttps://github.com/troglobit/mg/issues

Footnotes

  1. This project has been extensively tested on Debian GNU/Linux,Ubuntu, CentOS, Fedora, Alpine Linux, Solaris/Illumos based systemslike OmniOS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFly BSD, Apple macOS >=10.10, Cygwin, MSYS2, as well as a few embedded Linux systems usingmusl libc and uClibc-ng.


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