# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is

# no information about when DST will end this fall. See:

# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833

# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08):

# Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015.

# This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last

# Thursday of April.... Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but

# dates not yet announced....

# http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ...

# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html

# From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20):

# Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at

# least for 2015.

#

# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use

# 2010's rules, and guess that Egypt will switch to standard time at

# 24:00 the last Thursday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 00:00 the

# first Friday after Ramadan. To implement this,

# transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were determined by running

# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the results integrated

# by hand into the table below. Ramadan again intrudes on the guessed

# DST starting in 2038, but that's beyond our somewhat-arbitrary cutoff.

# (let ((islamic-year 1436))

# (while (< islamic-year 1460)

# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))

# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))

# (friday 5))

# (while (/= friday (mod a 7))

# (setq a (1- a)))

# (while (/= friday (mod b 7))

# (setq b (1+ b)))

# (setq a (1- a))

# (setq b (1- b))

# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))

# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))

# (insert

# (format

# (concat "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n"

# "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\tS\n")

# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))

# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))

# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))

# From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20):

# http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx

# "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving

# time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the

# practice altogether in future years."

#

# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-20):

# For now, assume DST will be canceled. Any resumption would likely

# use different rules anyway.

RuleEgypt2008only-AuglastThu24:000-

RuleEgypt2009only-Aug2024:000-

RuleEgypt2010only-Aug1024:000-

RuleEgypt2014only-May1524:001:00S

RuleEgypt2014only-Jun2624:000-

RuleEgypt2014only-Jul3124:001:00S

RuleEgypt2014max-SeplastThu24:000-

RuleEgypt20152019-AprlastFri 0:00s1:00S

RuleEgypt2015only-Jun1124:000-

RuleEgypt2015only-Jul2324:001:00S

RuleEgypt2016only-Jun 224:000-

RuleEgypt2016only-Jul 724:001:00S

RuleEgypt2017only-May2524:000-

RuleEgypt2017only-Jun2924:001:00S

RuleEgypt2018only-May1024:000-

RuleEgypt2018only-Jun1424:001:00S

RuleEgypt2019only-May 224:000-

RuleEgypt2019only-Jun 624:001:00S

RuleEgypt2020only-May2824:001:00S

RuleEgypt2021only-May1324:001:00S

RuleEgypt2022only-May 524:001:00S

RuleEgypt2023max-AprlastFri 0:00s1:00S

RuleEgypt2014only-SeplastThu24:000-

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

ZoneAfrica/Cairo2:05:09 -LMT1900 Oct

# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!

# FORMAT is 'zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.

# These rules are stolen from the 'southamerica' file.

# RuleNAMEFROMTOTYPEINONATSAVELETTER/S

RuleArgAQ19641966-Mar 10:000-

RuleArgAQ19641966-Oct150:001:00S

RuleArgAQ1967only-Apr 20:000-

RuleArgAQ19671968-OctSun>=10:001:00S

RuleArgAQ19681969-AprSun>=10:000-

RuleArgAQ1974only-Jan230:001:00S

RuleArgAQ1974only-May 10:000-

RuleChileAQ19721986-MarSun>=93:00u0-

RuleChileAQ19741987-OctSun>=94:00u1:00S

RuleChileAQ1987only-Apr123:00u0-

RuleChileAQ19881989-MarSun>=93:00u0-

RuleChileAQ1988only-OctSun>=14:00u1:00S

RuleChileAQ1989only-OctSun>=94:00u1:00S

RuleChileAQ1990only-Mar183:00u0-

RuleChileAQ1990only-Sep164:00u1:00S

RuleChileAQ19911996-MarSun>=93:00u0-

RuleChileAQ19911997-OctSun>=94:00u1:00S

RuleChileAQ1997only-Mar303:00u0-

RuleChileAQ1998only-MarSun>=93:00u0-

RuleChileAQ1998only-Sep274:00u1:00S

RuleChileAQ1999only-Apr 43:00u0-

RuleChileAQ19992010-OctSun>=94:00u1:00S

RuleChileAQ20002007-MarSun>=93:00u0-

# N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,

# which is used below in specifying the transition.

RuleChileAQ2008only-Mar303:00u0-

RuleChileAQ2009only-MarSun>=93:00u0-

RuleChileAQ2010only-AprSun>=13:00u0-

RuleChileAQ2011only-MaySun>=23:00u0-

RuleChileAQ2011only-AugSun>=164:00u1:00S

RuleChileAQ20122015-AprSun>=233:00u0-

RuleChileAQ20122014-SepSun>=24:00u1:00S

# Argentina - year-round bases

# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05

# Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01

# USA - year-round bases

#

# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)

#

# From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):

# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us

# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....

# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,

# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,

# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.

#

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

Zone Antarctica/Palmer0-zzz1965

-4:00ArgAQAR%sT1969 Oct 5

-3:00ArgAQAR%sT1982 May

-4:00ChileAQCL%sT2015 Apr 26 3:00u

-3:00-CLT

#

# See 'southamerica' for Antarctica/Palmer, since it uses South American DST.

#

# McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12

# Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20

# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report);

# this is almost surely wrong.

# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2015-03-10):

# It seems like yesterday Mongolian Government meeting has concluded to use

# daylight saving time in Mongolia.... Starting at 2:00AM of last Saturday of

# March 2015, daylight saving time starts. And 00:00AM of last Saturday of

# September daylight saving time ends. Source:

# http://zasag.mn/news/view/8969

# RuleNAMEFROMTOTYPEINONATSAVELETTER/S

RuleMongol19831984-Apr10:001:00S

RuleMongol1983only-Oct10:000-

RuleMongol2001only-AprlastSat2:001:00S

RuleMongol20012006-SeplastSat2:000-

RuleMongol20022006-MarlastSat2:001:00S

RuleMongol2015max-MarlastSat2:001:00S

RuleMongol2015max-SeplastSat0:000-

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta

# official source...:

# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252

# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-24):

# For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through

# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 00:00. This is consistent with

# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs,

# which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively:

# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702

# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364

# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-03-03):

# Sources such as http://www.alquds.com/news/article/view/id/548257

# and http://www.raya.ps/ar/news/890705.html say Palestine areas will

# start DST on 2015-03-28 00:00 which is one day later than expected.

#

# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-03):

# http://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/ramallah?year=2014

# says that the fall 2014 transition was Oct 23 at 24:00.

# For future dates, guess the last Friday in March at 24:00 through

# the first Friday on or after October 21 at 00:00. This is consistent with

# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs:

# http://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/gaza-strip/gaza

# http://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/hebron

# RuleNAMEFROMTOTYPEINONATSAVELETTER/S

Rule EgyptAsia1957only-May100:001:00S

Rule Palestine2011only-Aug 10:000-

Rule Palestine2011only-Aug300:001:00S

Rule Palestine2011only-Sep300:000-

Rule Palestine2012max-MarlastThu24:001:00S

Rule Palestine20122014-MarlastThu24:001:00S

Rule Palestine2012only-Sep211:000-

Rule Palestine2013max-SepFri>=210:000-

Rule Palestine2013only-SepFri>=210:000-

Rule Palestine2014max-OctFri>=210:000-

Rule Palestine2015max-MarlastFri24:001:00S

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

ZoneAsia/Gaza2:17:52-LMT1900 Oct

9:39:00 -LMT1901 # Agana

10:00-GST2000 Dec 23 # Guam

10:00-ChST# Chamorro Standard Time

Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is

# Kiribati

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

14:00-LINT

# N Mariana Is

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Saipan-14:17:00 -LMT1844 Dec 31

9:43:00 -LMT1901

9:00-MPT1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time

10:00-MPT2000 Dec 23

10:00-ChST# Chamorro Standard Time

# See Pacific/Guam.

# Marshall Is

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

-11:00-NST1967 Apr # N=Nome

-11:00-BST1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering

-11:00-SST # S=Samoa

Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Midway # in US minor outlying islands

# Samoa (formerly and also known as Western Samoa)

# uninhabited

# Midway

#

# From Mark Brader (2005-01-23):

# [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies,

# published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3]

# reproduced a Pan American Airways timetable from 1936, for their weekly

# "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting

# flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone

# designations that I've never seen before:....

# Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun.

# " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A "

#

Zone Pacific/Midway-11:49:28 -LMT1901

-11:00-NST1956 Jun 3

-11:001:00NDT1956 Sep 2

-11:00-NST1967 Apr # N=Nome

-11:00-BST1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering

-11:00-SST # S=Samoa

# See Pacific/Pago_Pago.

# Palmyra

# uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati

LinkAmerica/Indiana/KnoxAmerica/Knox_IN

LinkAmerica/Kentucky/LouisvilleAmerica/Louisville

LinkAmerica/Argentina/MendozaAmerica/Mendoza

LinkAmerica/TorontoAmerica/Montreal

LinkAmerica/Rio_BrancoAmerica/Porto_Acre

LinkAmerica/Argentina/CordobaAmerica/Rosario

LinkAmerica/DenverAmerica/Shiprock

Zone America/Anguilla-4:12:16 -LMT1912 Mar 2

-4:00-AST

# Antigua and Barbuda

ZoneAmerica/Antigua-4:07:12 -LMT1912 Mar 2

-5:00-EST1951

-4:00-AST

# Chubut, Argentina

# The name "Comodoro Rivadavia" exceeds the 14-byte POSIX limit.

Zone America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia -4:30:00 - LMT1894 Oct 31

-4:30-ANT1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time

-4:00-AST

# Cayman Is

ZoneAmerica/Cayman-5:25:32 -LMT1890 # Georgetown

-5:07:11 -KMT1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time

-5:00-EST

# Canada

Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 -LMT1884

-5:00NT_YKE%sT1946

Zone America/Guadeloupe-4:06:08 -LMT1911 Jun 8 # Pointe-à-Pitre

-4:00 -AST

# Canada

#

# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):

# Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto; see

# America/Toronto. However, earlier versions of the tz database

# mistakenly relied on data from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec

# differed from Ontario after 1970, and the following rules and zone

# were created for most of Quebec from the incorrect Shanks &

# Pottenger data. The post-1970 entries have been corrected, but the

# pre-1970 entries are unchecked and probably have errors.

#

# RuleNAMEFROMTOTYPEINONATSAVELETTER/S

RuleMont1917only-Mar252:001:00D

RuleMont1917only-Apr240:000S

RuleMont1919only-Mar312:301:00D

RuleMont1919only-Oct252:300S

RuleMont1920only-May 22:301:00D

RuleMont19201922-OctSun>=12:300S

RuleMont1921only-May 12:001:00D

RuleMont1922only-Apr302:001:00D

RuleMont1924only-May172:001:00D

RuleMont19241926-SeplastSun2:300S

RuleMont19251926-MaySun>=12:001:00D

RuleMont19271937-AprlastSat24:001:00D

RuleMont19271937-SeplastSat24:000S

RuleMont19381940-AprlastSun0:001:00D

RuleMont19381939-SeplastSun0:000S

RuleMont19461973-AprlastSun2:001:00D

RuleMont19451948-SeplastSun2:000S

RuleMont19491950-OctlastSun2:000S

RuleMont19511956-SeplastSun2:000S

RuleMont19571973-OctlastSun2:000S

Zone America/Montreal-4:54:16 -LMT1884

-5:00MontE%sT1918

-5:00CanadaE%sT1919

-5:00MontE%sT1942 Feb 9 2:00s

-5:00CanadaE%sT1946

-5:00MontE%sT1974

-5:00CanadaE%sT

# Montserrat

# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):

# In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.

# US minor outlying islands

Zone Pacific/Johnston-10:00-HST

# US minor outlying islands

#

# From Mark Brader (2005-01-23):

# [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies,

# published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3]

# reproduced a Pan American Airways timetable from 1936, for their weekly

# "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting

# flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone

# designations that I've never seen before:....

# Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun.

# " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A "

#

Zone Pacific/Midway-11:49:28 -LMT1901

-11:00-NST1956 Jun 3

-11:001:00NDT1956 Sep 2

-11:00-NST1967 Apr # N=Nome

-11:00-BST1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering

-11:00-SST # S=Samoa

# N Mariana Is

Zone Pacific/Saipan-14:17:00 -LMT1844 Dec 31

9:43:00 -LMT1901

9:00-MPT1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time

10:00-MPT2000 Dec 23

10:00-ChST# Chamorro Standard Time

# 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)*

# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe

# 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe (2011-2014)*

# 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow

# 3:00 MSK MSD MSM*Minsk,Moscow

# From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04),

# The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy,

4:00RussiaVOL%sT1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T

3:00RussiaVOL%sT1991 Mar 31 2:00s

4:00-VOLT1992 Mar 29 2:00s

3:00RussiaMSK2011 Mar 27 2:00s

3:00RussiaMSK/MSD2011 Mar 27 2:00s

4:00-MSK2014 Oct 26 2:00s

3:00-MSK