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Commitedde1ea

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committed
Add start of functions chapter and basics of framework for functions in exercises
1 parent90dad4c commitedde1ea

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6 files changed

+266
-19
lines changed

6 files changed

+266
-19
lines changed
Lines changed: 103 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
1+
# flake8: NOQA E501
2+
fromtypingimportList
3+
4+
frommain.exercisesimportgenerate_string
5+
frommain.textimportExerciseStep,MessageStep,Page,VerbatimStep
6+
frommain.utilsimportreturns_stdout
7+
8+
9+
classDefiningFunctions(Page):
10+
classdefine_greet(VerbatimStep):
11+
"""
12+
You've seen how to call functions such as `print()` and `len()`. Now you're going to learn how to write your own
13+
functions that you or other people can use. This is very important as programs get bigger and more complicated.
14+
15+
Here's a simple example:
16+
17+
__program_indented__
18+
19+
This defines a function called `greet` which accepts one parameter. Below the definition, we call the function twice.
20+
Run the code to see what happens.
21+
"""
22+
23+
defprogram(self):
24+
defgreet(name):
25+
print("Hello "+name+"!")
26+
27+
greet("Alice")
28+
greet("Bob")
29+
30+
classhow_are_you(VerbatimStep):
31+
"""
32+
A function definition is a compound statement. Like `if` and `for`, it has a header line followed by an indented body
33+
which can contain one or more statements.
34+
35+
Add another statement to the function so that it looks like this:
36+
37+
def greet(name):
38+
print("Hello " + name + "!")
39+
print("How are you?")
40+
41+
Then run the program again.
42+
"""
43+
44+
program_in_text=False
45+
46+
defprogram(self):
47+
defgreet(name):
48+
print("Hello "+name+"!")
49+
print("How are you?")
50+
51+
greet("Alice")
52+
greet("Bob")
53+
54+
classprint_twice_exercise(ExerciseStep):
55+
"""
56+
Note how the output of the program changed. `How are you?` is printed twice. You can think of the whole program as being
57+
equivalent to this:
58+
59+
name = "Alice"
60+
print("Hello " + name + "!")
61+
print("How are you?")
62+
63+
name = "Bob"
64+
print("Hello " + name + "!")
65+
print("How are you?")
66+
67+
This shows one of the most useful things about functions. They let you reuse the same code multiple times without
68+
having to repeat yourself. It's like writing a program within a program.
69+
70+
The header line of a function definition always has these parts:
71+
72+
1. The special keyword `def`, followed by a space.
73+
2. The name of the function. This is like a variable name - you can choose the name you want, but there are some constraints,
74+
e.g. it can't contain a space.
75+
3. A pair of parentheses `(` and `)`
76+
4. Zero or more parameter names between the parentheses, separated by commas if there's more than one. Here we have
77+
one parameter called `name`.
78+
5. A colon `:`
79+
80+
Here's an exercise: write a function called `print_twice` which accepts one argument `x` and prints that argument twice.
81+
82+
For example, `print_twice("Hello")` should output:
83+
84+
Hello
85+
Hello
86+
"""
87+
# TODO hints
88+
89+
function_name="print_twice"
90+
91+
@returns_stdout
92+
defsolution(self,x:str):
93+
print(x)
94+
print(x)
95+
96+
tests= {
97+
"Hello":"Hello\nHello\n",
98+
123:"123\n123\n",
99+
}
100+
101+
final_text="""
102+
Well done! You've reached the end for now. More coming soon!
103+
"""

‎backend/main/exercises.py‎

Lines changed: 11 additions & 5 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -52,12 +52,15 @@ def make_function(program, function_template):
5252
deffunc(**kwargs):
5353
exec(code,kwargs)
5454

55-
ifgetattr(function_template,"returns_stdout",False):
56-
func=returns_stdout(func)
57-
5855
returninitial_names,func
5956

6057

58+
defmatch_returns_stdout(func,solution):
59+
ifgetattr(solution,"returns_stdout",False):
60+
func=returns_stdout(func)
61+
returnfunc
62+
63+
6164
defcheck_exercise(func,solution,test,generate_inputs,functionise=False):
6265
test(solution)
6366
inputs= [generate_inputs()for_inrange(10)]
@@ -72,6 +75,8 @@ def check_exercise(func, solution, test, generate_inputs, functionise=False):
7275
exceptExerciseErrorase:
7376
returndict(message=str(e))
7477

78+
func=match_returns_stdout(func,solution)
79+
7580
try:
7681
expected_result=solution(**initial_names)
7782
exceptException:
@@ -84,6 +89,8 @@ def check_exercise(func, solution, test, generate_inputs, functionise=False):
8489
except:
8590
# Assume that the user can tell that the output is wrong
8691
returnFalse
92+
else:
93+
func=match_returns_stdout(func,solution)
8794

8895
try:
8996
test(func)
@@ -124,8 +131,7 @@ def check_result(func, inputs, expected_result):
124131

125132
ifresult!=expected_result:
126133
raiseExerciseError(f"""\
127-
Your code gives the right output for the example,
128-
but for these inputs:
134+
For these inputs:
129135
130136
{indented_inputs_string(inputs)}
131137

‎backend/main/test_transcript.json‎

Lines changed: 113 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -14933,5 +14933,118 @@
1493314933
]
1493414934
},
1493514935
"step":"upside_down_triangle_exercise"
14936+
},
14937+
{
14938+
"page":"Defining Functions",
14939+
"program": [
14940+
"def greet(name):",
14941+
" print(\"Hello\" + name +\"!\")",
14942+
"",
14943+
"greet(\"Alice\")",
14944+
"greet(\"Bob\")"
14945+
],
14946+
"response": {
14947+
"birdseye_url":null,
14948+
"message":"",
14949+
"passed":true,
14950+
"result": [
14951+
{
14952+
"color":"white",
14953+
"text":"Hello Alice!"
14954+
},
14955+
{
14956+
"color":"white",
14957+
"text":"\n"
14958+
},
14959+
{
14960+
"color":"white",
14961+
"text":"Hello Bob!"
14962+
},
14963+
{
14964+
"color":"white",
14965+
"text":"\n"
14966+
},
14967+
{
14968+
"color":"white",
14969+
"text":">>>"
14970+
}
14971+
]
14972+
},
14973+
"step":"define_greet"
14974+
},
14975+
{
14976+
"page":"Defining Functions",
14977+
"program": [
14978+
"def greet(name):",
14979+
" print(\"Hello\" + name +\"!\")",
14980+
" print(\"How are you?\")",
14981+
"",
14982+
"greet(\"Alice\")",
14983+
"greet(\"Bob\")"
14984+
],
14985+
"response": {
14986+
"birdseye_url":null,
14987+
"message":"",
14988+
"passed":true,
14989+
"result": [
14990+
{
14991+
"color":"white",
14992+
"text":"Hello Alice!"
14993+
},
14994+
{
14995+
"color":"white",
14996+
"text":"\n"
14997+
},
14998+
{
14999+
"color":"white",
15000+
"text":"How are you?"
15001+
},
15002+
{
15003+
"color":"white",
15004+
"text":"\n"
15005+
},
15006+
{
15007+
"color":"white",
15008+
"text":"Hello Bob!"
15009+
},
15010+
{
15011+
"color":"white",
15012+
"text":"\n"
15013+
},
15014+
{
15015+
"color":"white",
15016+
"text":"How are you?"
15017+
},
15018+
{
15019+
"color":"white",
15020+
"text":"\n"
15021+
},
15022+
{
15023+
"color":"white",
15024+
"text":">>>"
15025+
}
15026+
]
15027+
},
15028+
"step":"how_are_you"
15029+
},
15030+
{
15031+
"page":"Defining Functions",
15032+
"program": [
15033+
"def print_twice(x: str):",
15034+
" print(x)",
15035+
" print(x)"
15036+
],
15037+
"response": {
15038+
"birdseye_url":null,
15039+
"message":"",
15040+
"passed":true,
15041+
"result": [
15042+
{
15043+
"color":"white",
15044+
"text":">>>"
15045+
}
15046+
]
15047+
},
15048+
"step":"print_twice_exercise"
1493615049
}
1493715050
]

‎backend/main/tests.py‎

Lines changed: 1 addition & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ def test_steps(self):
6666
self.assertEqual(
6767
response["passed"],
6868
notis_message,
69+
transcript[-1],
6970
)
7071

7172
self.assertEqual(

‎backend/main/text.py‎

Lines changed: 37 additions & 13 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -25,14 +25,20 @@
2525
frommain.utilsimportno_weird_whitespace,snake,unwrapped_markdown
2626

2727

28-
defclean_program(program,inputs=None):
28+
defclean_program(program,*,inputs=None,function_name=None):
2929
ifcallable(program):
3030
inputs=inputs_string(inputsor {})
3131
source=dedent(inspect.getsource(program))
32-
atok=ASTTokens(source,parse=True)
33-
func=atok.tree.body[0]
34-
lines=source.splitlines()[func.body[0].first_token.start[0]-1:]
35-
program=inputs+'\n'+dedent('\n'.join(lines))
32+
iffunction_name:
33+
assertsource.count("def solution(self, ")==1
34+
program=source.replace("def solution(self, ",f"def{function_name}(")
35+
# TODO strip annotations
36+
program=program.replace("@returns_stdout\n","")
37+
else:
38+
atok=ASTTokens(source,parse=True)
39+
func=atok.tree.body[0]
40+
lines=source.splitlines()[func.body[0].first_token.start[0]-1:]
41+
program=inputs+'\n'+dedent('\n'.join(lines))
3642
compile(program,"<program>","exec")# check validity
3743
no_weird_whitespace(program)
3844
returnprogram.strip()
@@ -52,7 +58,7 @@ def clean_step_class(cls, clean_inner=True):
5258
assertcls.tests
5359
# noinspection PyUnresolvedReferences
5460
inputs=list(cls.test_values())[0][0]
55-
program=clean_program(solution,inputs)
61+
program=clean_program(solution,inputs=inputs,function_name=cls.function_name)
5662
else:
5763
program=clean_program(program)
5864
assertprogram
@@ -261,18 +267,36 @@ def input_matches(self, pattern, remove_spaces=True):
261267

262268

263269
classExerciseStep(Step):
270+
function_name=None
264271

265272
defcheck(self):
266273
ifself.code_source=="shell":
267274
returnFalse
268275

269-
returncheck_exercise(
270-
self.input,
271-
self.solution,
272-
self.test_exercise,
273-
self.generate_inputs,
274-
functionise=True,
275-
)
276+
ifself.function_nameisNone:
277+
returncheck_exercise(
278+
self.input,
279+
self.solution,
280+
self.test_exercise,
281+
self.generate_inputs,
282+
functionise=True,
283+
)
284+
else:
285+
ifself.function_namenotinself.console.locals:
286+
returndict(message=f"You must define a function `{self.function_name}`")
287+
288+
func=self.console.locals[self.function_name]
289+
ifnotinspect.isfunction(func):
290+
returndict(message=f"`{self.function_name}` is not a function.")
291+
292+
# TODO check that function has correct signature
293+
294+
returncheck_exercise(
295+
func,
296+
self.solution,
297+
self.test_exercise,
298+
self.generate_inputs,
299+
)
276300

277301
@abstractmethod
278302
defsolution(self,*args,**kwargs):

‎backend/main/views.py‎

Lines changed: 1 addition & 1 deletion
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ def get_solution(self, page_index, step_index: int):
176176
page=pages[page_slugs_list[page_index]]
177177
step=getattr(page,page.step_names[step_index])
178178
ifissubclass(step,ExerciseStep):
179-
program=clean_program(step.solution)
179+
program=clean_program(step.solution,function_name=step.function_name)
180180
else:
181181
program=step.program
182182

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