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Commit44111ed

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Merge pull requestrealpython#862 from Zac-HD/various
Various cross-references in tests and installation advice
2 parents516f9ad +cb3f026 commit44111ed

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‎docs/scenarios/ci.rst

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..image::https://farm5.staticflickr.com/4173/33907150594_9abba7ad0a_k_d.jpg
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..note::
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For advice on writing your tests, see:doc:`writing/tests`.
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Why?
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----
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‎docs/starting/install/linux.rst

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..image::https://farm5.staticflickr.com/4268/34435688560_4cc2a7bcbb_k_d.jpg
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..note::
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Check out our:ref:`guide for installing Python 3 on Linux<install3-linux>`.
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The latest versions of CentOS, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and Ubuntu
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**come with Python 2.7 out of the box**.
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‎docs/starting/install/win.rst

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..image::https://farm5.staticflickr.com/4268/34435688560_4cc2a7bcbb_k_d.jpg
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..note::
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Check out our:ref:`guide for installing Python 3 on Windows<install3-windows>`.
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First, download the `latest version<https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.14/python-2.7.14.msi>`_
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of Python 2.7 from the official website. If you want to be sure you are installing a fully
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up-to-date version, click the Downloads > Windows link from the home page of the
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Setuptools + Pip
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----------------
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The most crucial third-party Python software of all is Setuptools, which
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extends the packaging and installation facilities provided by the distutils in
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the standard library. Once you add Setuptools to your Python system you can
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download and install any compliant Python software product with a single
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command. It also enables you to add this network installation capability to
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your own Python software with very little work.
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The two most crucial third-party Python packages are `setuptools<https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools>`_ and `pip<https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/>`_.
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Once installed, you can download, install and uninstall any compliant Python software
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product with a single command. It also enables you to add this network installation
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capability to your own Python software with very little work.
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To obtain the latest version of Setuptools for Windows, run thePythonscript
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available here: `ez_setup.py<https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py>`_
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Python 2.7.9 and later (on the python2 series), andPython3.4 and later include
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pip by default.
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To see if pip is installed, open a command prompt and run
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..code-block::console
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You'll now have a new command available to you: **easy_install**. It is
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considered by many to be deprecated, so we will install its replacement:
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**pip**. Pip allows for uninstallation of packages, and is actively maintained,
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unlike easy_install.
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$ command -v pip
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To install pip, run the Python script available here:
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`get-pip.py<https://raw.github.com/pypa/pip/master/contrib/get-pip.py>`_
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To install pip, `follow the official pip installation guide<https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing/>`_ - this will automatically install the latest version of setuptools.
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Virtual Environments

‎docs/starting/install3/win.rst

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Setuptools + Pip
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----------------
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The most crucial third-party Python software of all is Setuptools, which
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extends the packaging and installation facilities provided by the distutils in
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the standard library. Once you add Setuptools to your Python system you can
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download and install any compliant Python software product with a single
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command. It also enables you to add this network installation capability to
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your own Python software with very little work.
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The two most crucial third-party Python packages are `setuptools<https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools>`_ and `pip<https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/>`_,
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which let you download, install and uninstall any compliant Python software
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product with a single command. It also enables you to add this network installation
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capability to your own Python software with very little work.
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To obtain the latest version of Setuptools for Windows, run the Python script
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available here: `ez_setup.py<https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py>`_
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All supported versions of Python 3 include pip, so just make sure it's up to date::
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You'll now have a new command available to you: **easy_install**. It is
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considered by many to be deprecated, so we will install its replacement:
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**pip**. Pip allows for uninstallation of packages, and is actively maintained,
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unlike easy_install.
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To install pip, run the Python script available here:
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`get-pip.py<https://raw.github.com/pypa/pip/master/contrib/get-pip.py>`_
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python -m pip install -U pip
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Pipenv & Virtual Environments

‎docs/starting/installation.rst

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These guides go over the proper installation of:ref:`Python<which-python>`
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for development purposes, as well as setuptools, pip and virtualenv.
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Python 3 Installation Guides
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////////////////////////////
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Python 3 Installation Guides
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////////////////////////////
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-:ref:`Python 3 on MacOS<install3-osx>`.
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-:ref:`Python 3 on Windows<install3-windows>`.

‎docs/starting/which-python.rst

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<https://docs.python.org/3/howto/pyporting.html>`_. This
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ranges from trivial to hard depending upon the kind of software
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you are writing; if you're a beginner there are far more important things to
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worry about.
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worry about. Note that Python 2.6 is end-of-life upstream, so you shouldn't
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try to write 2.6-compatible code unless you're being paid specifically to
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do that.
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Implementations
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

‎docs/writing/structure.rst

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::::::::::
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*For advice on writing your tests, see :doc:`writing/tests`.*
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..csv-table::
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:widths: 20, 40
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‎docs/writing/tests.rst

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`py.test<https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/>`_
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Nose
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----
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nose extends unittest to make testing easier.
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Hypothesis
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----------
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Hypothesis is a library which lets you write tests that are parametrized by
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a source of examples. It then generates simple and comprehensible examples
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that make your tests fail, letting you find more bugs with less work.
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..code-block::console
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$ pip install nose
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$ pip install hypothesis
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For example, testing lists of floats will try many examples, but report the
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minimal example of each bug (distinguished exception type and location):
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..code-block::python
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@given(lists(floats(allow_nan=False,allow_infinity=False),min_size=1))
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deftest_mean(xs):
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mean=sum(xs)/len(xs)
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assertmin(xs)<= mean(xs)<=max(xs)
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..code-block::
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Falsifying example: test_mean(
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xs=[1.7976321109618856e+308, 6.102390043022755e+303]
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)
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nose provides automatic test discovery to save you the hassle of manually
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creating test suites. It also provides numerous plugins for features such as
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xUnit-compatible test output, coverage reporting,andtest selection.
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Hypothesis is practical as well as very powerful, and will often find bugs
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that escaped all other forms of testing. It integrates well with py.test,
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and has a strong focus on usability in both simpleandadvanced scenarios.
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`nose<https://nose.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_
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`hypothesis<https://hypothesis.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_
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tox

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