Inherited fromMiddle Frenchvaloir, fromOld Frenchvaloir,valeir, fromLatinvalēre, fromProto-Italic*walēō, fromProto-Indo-European*h₂wl̥h₁éh₁yeti, from*h₂welh₁-(“to rule, be strong”).
valoir
| infinitive | simple | valoir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | valant /va.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | valu /va.ly/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | vaux /vo/ | vaux /vo/ | vaut /vo/ | valons /va.lɔ̃/ | valez /va.le/ | valent /val/ |
| imperfect | valais /va.lɛ/ | valais /va.lɛ/ | valait /va.lɛ/ | valions /va.ljɔ̃/ | valiez /va.lje/ | valaient /va.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | valus /va.ly/ | valus /va.ly/ | valut /va.ly/ | valûmes /va.lym/ | valûtes /va.lyt/ | valurent /va.lyʁ/ | |
| future | vaudrai /vo.dʁe/ | vaudras /vo.dʁa/ | vaudra /vo.dʁa/ | vaudrons /vo.dʁɔ̃/ | vaudrez /vo.dʁe/ | vaudront /vo.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | vaudrais /vo.dʁɛ/ | vaudrais /vo.dʁɛ/ | vaudrait /vo.dʁɛ/ | vaudrions /vo.dʁi.jɔ̃/ | vaudriez /vo.dʁi.je/ | vaudraient /vo.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | vaille /vaj/ | vailles /vaj/ | vaille /vaj/ | valions /va.ljɔ̃/ | valiez /va.lje/ | vaillent /vaj/ |
| imperfect2 | valusse /va.lys/ | valusses /va.lys/ | valût /va.ly/ | valussions /va.ly.sjɔ̃/ | valussiez /va.ly.sje/ | valussent /va.lys/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | vaus /vo/ | — | valons /va.lɔ̃/ | valez /va.le/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
| infinitive | simple | se valoir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | s'être + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | sevalant /sə va.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayantorétant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | valu /va.ly/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | mevaux /mə vo/ | tevaux /tə vo/ | sevaut /sə vo/ | nousvalons /nu va.lɔ̃/ | vousvalez /vu va.le/ | sevalent /sə val/ |
| imperfect | mevalais /mə va.lɛ/ | tevalais /tə va.lɛ/ | sevalait /sə va.lɛ/ | nousvalions /nu va.ljɔ̃/ | vousvaliez /vu va.lje/ | sevalaient /sə va.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | mevalus /mə va.ly/ | tevalus /tə va.ly/ | sevalut /sə va.ly/ | nousvalûmes /nu va.lym/ | vousvalûtes /vu va.lyt/ | sevalurent /sə va.lyʁ/ | |
| future | mevaudrai /mə vo.dʁe/ | tevaudras /tə vo.dʁa/ | sevaudra /sə vo.dʁa/ | nousvaudrons /nu vo.dʁɔ̃/ | vousvaudrez /vu vo.dʁe/ | sevaudront /sə vo.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | mevaudrais /mə vo.dʁɛ/ | tevaudrais /tə vo.dʁɛ/ | sevaudrait /sə vo.dʁɛ/ | nousvaudrions /nu vo.dʁi.jɔ̃/ | vousvaudriez /vu vo.dʁi.je/ | sevaudraient /sə vo.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofs'être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | mevaille /mə vaj/ | tevailles /tə vaj/ | sevaille /sə vaj/ | nousvalions /nu va.ljɔ̃/ | vousvaliez /vu va.lje/ | sevaillent /sə vaj/ |
| imperfect2 | mevalusse /mə va.lys/ | tevalusses /tə va.lys/ | sevalût /sə va.ly/ | nousvalussions /nu va.ly.sjɔ̃/ | vousvalussiez /vu va.ly.sje/ | sevalussent /sə va.lys/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofs'être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofs'être + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | vaus-toi /vo.twa/ | — | valons-nous /va.lɔ̃.nu/ | valez-vous /va.le.vu/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofs'être + past participle | — | simple imperative ofs'être + past participle | simple imperative ofs'être + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
valoir
valoir
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | valoir | avoirvalu | |||||
| gerund | envalant | gerund ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | valant | ||||||
| past participle | valu | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | vail,val | vaus | vaut | valons,vaillons | valez,vailliez | valent,vaillent |
| imperfect | valoie,valeie | valoies,valeies | valoit,valeit | valiiens,valiens | valiiez,valiez | valoient,valeient | |
| preterite | valui,vaus | valus,vausis | valu,vaust | valumes,vausimes | valustes,vausistes | valurent,vaustrent | |
| future | vaudrai | vaudras | vaudra | vaudrons | vaudroiz,vaudreiz,vaudrez | vaudront | |
| conditional | vaudroie,vaudreie | vaudroies,vaudreies | vaudroit,vaudreit | vaudriiens,vaudriens | vaudriiez,vaudriez | vaudroient,vaudreient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | present tense ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | vaille | vailles | vaille | vailliens,vaillons | vailliez | vaillent |
| imperfect | valusse,vausisse | valusses,vausisses | valust,vausist | valussons,valussiens,vausissons,vausissiens | valussoiz,valussez,valussiez,vausissoiz,vausissez,vausissiez | valussent,vausissent | |
| compound tenses | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | ||