ty
ty
ty (pluraltye)
FromProto-Albanian*tuu̯an, from earlier*tuu̯ān, from earlier*tuu̯ām, fromProto-Indo-European*tuu̯ēm (*twé, accusative of*túh₂(“you”)). CompareLatinte.[1]
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ty
FromProto-Brythonic*ti, fromProto-Celtic*tū. Cognate withBretonte,Irishtú,Manxoo,Scottish Gaelicthu, andWelshti.
ty
| number | person | independent (subject) | suffixed | infixed | possessive (dependent) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| enclitic | emphatic | reduced | ||||||
| singular | first | my | vy | evy | ma,a | 'm | owA | |
| second | ty | jy,sy1 | tejy | ta,a | 'thM | dhaS | ||
| third2 | m | ev | ev | eev | va,a | 'n | yS | |
| f | hi | hi | hyhi | — | 's | hyA | ||
| plural | first | ni | ni | nyni | 'gan,'n | agan,'gan | ||
| second3 | hwi | hwi | hwyhwi | 'gas,'s | agas,'gas | |||
| third | i | i | ynsi | 's | agaA,'gaA | |||
1 Uncommon.
2hun andins have been suggested as non-binary 3rd person singular pronouns, though these have not yet officially adopted.
3 Infrequently used as a formal alternative to the singular.
S Triggerssoft mutationA Triggersaspirate mutationM Triggersmixed mutation
| unmutated | soft | aspirate | hard | mixed | mixed after 'th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ty | dy | thy | unchanged | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Inherited fromOld Czechty, fromProto-Slavic*ty, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*tūˀ, fromProto-Indo-European*túh₂.
ty
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | já | my | |
| 2nd person | familiar | ty | vy |
| polite | vy | ||
| 3rd person | m | on | oni1 |
| f | ona | ony | |
| n | ono | ona | |
| reflexive | sebe,se(clitic) | ||
1 animate referents only, for inanimate onesony is used.
ty
FromOld Norseþýða(“to make friends”),Proto-Germanic*þiudijaną, cognate withGothic𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽(þiuþjan,“to bless”). It may originally be the same verb as*þiudijaną(“to interpret”), which is the source ofOld Norseþýða (whenceDanishtyde) andGermandeuten.
ty (imperativety,presenttyrortyer,past tensetyede,past participletyet)
ty
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ty
ty (lower case,upper caseTy)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ty | ty-k |
| accusative | ty-t | ty-ket |
| dative | ty-nek | ty-knek |
| instrumental | ty-vel | ty-kkel |
| causal-final | ty-ért | ty-kért |
| translative | ty-vé | ty-kké |
| terminative | ty-ig | ty-kig |
| essive-formal | ty-ként | ty-kként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | ty-ben | ty-kben |
| superessive | ty-n | ty-ken |
| adessive | ty-nél | ty-knél |
| illative | ty-be | ty-kbe |
| sublative | ty-re | ty-kre |
| allative | ty-hez | ty-khez |
| elative | ty-ből | ty-kből |
| delative | ty-ről | ty-kről |
| ablative | ty-től | ty-ktől |
| non-attributive possessive – singular | ty-é | ty-ké |
| non-attributive possessive – plural | ty-éi | ty-kéi |
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | ty-m | ty-im |
| 2nd person sing. | ty-d | ty-id |
| 3rd person sing. | ty-je | ty-i |
| 1st person plural | ty-nk | ty-ink |
| 2nd person plural | ty-tek | ty-itek |
| 3rd person plural | ty-jük | ty-ik |
FromProto-Slavic*ty, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*tūˀ, fromProto-Indo-European*túh₂.
ty sg
ty
ty
ty (present tensetyr,past tensetydde,past participletytt/tydd,passive infinitivetyast,present participletyande,imperativety)
ty (present tensetyr,past tensetydde,past participletytt/tydd,passive infinitivetyast,present participletyande,imperativety)
ty n (definite singulartyet,indefinite pluralty,definite pluraltyaortyi)
ty
Inherited fromProto-Slavic*ty, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*tūˀ, fromProto-Indo-European*túh₂.
ty (second person)
| Singular | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jáz,já | ty | — |
| Genitive | mne,mě | tebe,tě | sebe,sě |
| Dative | mně,mi | tobě,ti | sobě,si |
| Accusative | mě,mne | tě,tebe | sě,sebe |
| Locative | mně | tobě | sobě |
| Instrumental | mnú | tobú,tebú | sobú,sebú |
| Possessive | mój | tvój | svój |
| Dual | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | vě,va,ma | vy | — |
| Genitive | najú | vajú | sebe,sě |
| Dative | náma | váma | sobě,si |
| Accusative | ny,najú | vy,vajú | sě,sebe |
| Locative | najú | vajú | sobě |
| Instrumental | náma | váma | sobú,sebú |
| Possessive | náš,najú | váš,vajú | svój |
| Plural | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | my | vy | — |
| Genitive | nás | vás | sebe,sě |
| Dative | nám,nem | vám,vem | sobě,si |
| Accusative | ny,nás | vy,vás | sě,sebe |
| Locative | nás | vás | sobě |
| Instrumental | námi | vámi | sobú,sebú |
| Possessive | náš | váš | svój |
Inherited fromProto-Slavic*ty. First attested in the 13th century.
ty
Inherited fromProto-Tupi-Guarani*tɨ(“liquid, urine”), fromProto-Tupian*tˀɨ(“liquid, urine”).Doublet ofy.[1][2]
Cognate withSateré-Mawéhɨ(“river”),Guaraníty(“urine”).
ty (possessable)
ty
ty
Inherited fromOld Polishty.
ty
Ty is theT-form; it is used to address friends, family, children, teenagers, and often peers. TheV-forms arepan m andpani f.
According toSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990),ty is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 6 times in scientific texts, 0 times in news, 2 times in essays, 250 times in fiction, and 1034 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1292 times, making it the 31st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
Inherited fromOld Polishty.
ty
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | ty |
| genitive | ciebie,cie,ciã |
| dative | ciebie,tobie,ci |
| accusative | ciebie,cie,ciã |
| instrumental | tobōm |
| locative | tobie,ciebie |
Inherited fromOld Slovakty, fromProto-Slavic*ty.
ty
| substantive | possessive | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| 1st person | ja | my | môj | náš | |
| 2nd person | familiar | ty | vy | tvoj | váš |
| polite | vy | váš | |||
| 3rd person | m | on | oni* /ony | jeho | ich |
| f | ona | jej | |||
| n | ono | jeho | |||
| reflexive | seba,sa(clitic) | svoj | |||
* masculine animate only,ony otherwise
FromOld Swedishþy, fromOld Norseþví, dative singular of Old Norseþat(“that”).
ty
ty as well asför always introduces a main clause, while the other given synonyms all introduces secondary clauses. Compare:
FromOld Swedishthȳ til,thȳa,thȳdha(“find refuge at, entrust, rely on”), fromOld Norseþýða(“to attach oneself to”), toProto-Germanic*þiudijaną(“engage with”).
ty (presenttyr,preteritetydde,supinetytt,imperativety)
| active | passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ty | — | ||
| supine | tytt | — | ||
| imperative | ty | — | ||
| imper. plural1 | tyn | — | ||
| present | past | present | past | |
| indicative | tyr | tydde | — | — |
| ind. plural1 | ty | tydde | — | — |
| subjunctive2 | ty | tydde | — | — |
| present participle | tyende | |||
| past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic.2 Dated. Seethe appendix on Swedish verbs.
FromProto-Northern Jê*ˀcy(“seed”) <Proto-Cerrado*cym(“seed”) <Proto-Jê*cym(“seed”).
ty
FromProto-Slavic*ty, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*tūˀ, fromProto-Indo-European*túh₂.
ty
| First person pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |||||
| nominative | ja | mój | my | ||||
| genitive | mje (after preposition)mnje | naju | nas | ||||
| dative | mi (after preposition)mni | namaj | nam | ||||
| accusative | mje (after preposition)mnje | naju | nas | ||||
| instrumental | mnu | namaj | nami | ||||
| locative | mni | nas | |||||
| Second person pronouns | |||||||
| singular | dual | plural | |||||
| nominative | ty | wój | wy | ||||
| genitive | će (after preposition)tebje | waju | was | ||||
| dative | ći (after preposition)tebi | wamaj | wam | ||||
| accusative | će (after preposition)tebje | waju | was | ||||
| instrumental | tobu | wamaj | wami | ||||
| locative | tebi | was | |||||
| Third person pronouns | |||||||
| masculine singular | feminine singular | neuter singular | dual virile | dual nonvirile | plural virile | plural nonvirile | |
| nominative | wón | wona | wono | wonaj | wonej | woni | wone |
| genitive | jeho (after preposition)njeho | jeje (after preposition)njeje | jeho (after preposition)njeho | jeju | jich (after preposition)nich | ||
| dative | jemu (after preposition)njemu | jej (after preposition)njej | jemu (after preposition)njemu | jimaj (after preposition)nimaj | jim (after preposition)nim | ||
| accusative | jón (after preposition)njón (animate)jeho (animate after preposition)njeho | ju (after preposition)nju | jo,je (after preposition)njo,nje | jeju (after preposition)njeju | jej (after preposition)njej | jich (after preposition)nich | je (after preposition)nje |
| instrumental | nim | njej | nim | nimaj | nimi | ||
| locative | nich | ||||||
ty (upper caseTy)
FromMiddle Englishtige, fromOld Englishtyge, fromProto-West Germanic*tugi.
ty
