Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム

Jump to content

turma

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:turmă,turmã,andturmą

Catalan

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Probably from a pre-Roman root.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic)[ˈtur.mə]
IPA^(key): (Valencia)[ˈtuɾ.ma]

Noun

[edit]

turma f (pluralturmes)

animaltesticle

Hypernyms

[edit]

testicle

Finnish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Possibly borrowed fromProto-Norse[Term?] (compareIcelandictyrma(“to overwhelm”)), although disputed by LÄGLOS on the grounds that the Germanic word only has a narrow distribution and thus may not be that old.^[1] Related toLivviturmu.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈturmɑ/,[ˈt̪urmɑ̝]
Rhymes:-urmɑ
Hyphenation^(key):tur‧ma

Noun

[edit]

turma

accident, especially one withcasualties (dead or injured)
(poetic)ruin,destruction

Declension

[edit]

Inflection ofturma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		turma	turmat
genitive		turman	turmien
partitive		turmaa	turmia
illative		turmaan	turmiin
		singular	plural
nominative		turma	turmat
accusative	nom.	turma	turmat
accusative	gen.	turman	turmat
genitive		turman	turmien turmain^rare
partitive		turmaa	turmia
inessive		turmassa	turmissa
elative		turmasta	turmista
illative		turmaan	turmiin
adessive		turmalla	turmilla
ablative		turmalta	turmilta
allative		turmalle	turmille
essive		turmana	turmina
translative		turmaksi	turmiksi
abessive		turmatta	turmitta
instructive		—	turmin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms ofturma(Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turmani	turmani
accusative	nom.	turmani	turmani
accusative	gen.	turmani	turmani
genitive		turmani	turmieni turmaini^rare
partitive		turmaani	turmiani
inessive		turmassani	turmissani
elative		turmastani	turmistani
illative		turmaani	turmiini
adessive		turmallani	turmillani
ablative		turmaltani	turmiltani
allative		turmalleni	turmilleni
essive		turmanani	turminani
translative		turmakseni	turmikseni
abessive		turmattani	turmittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	turmineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turmasi	turmasi
accusative	nom.	turmasi	turmasi
accusative	gen.	turmasi	turmasi
genitive		turmasi	turmiesi turmaisi^rare
partitive		turmaasi	turmiasi
inessive		turmassasi	turmissasi
elative		turmastasi	turmistasi
illative		turmaasi	turmiisi
adessive		turmallasi	turmillasi
ablative		turmaltasi	turmiltasi
allative		turmallesi	turmillesi
essive		turmanasi	turminasi
translative		turmaksesi	turmiksesi
abessive		turmattasi	turmittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	turminesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turmamme	turmamme
accusative	nom.	turmamme	turmamme
accusative	gen.	turmamme	turmamme
genitive		turmamme	turmiemme turmaimme^rare
partitive		turmaamme	turmiamme
inessive		turmassamme	turmissamme
elative		turmastamme	turmistamme
illative		turmaamme	turmiimme
adessive		turmallamme	turmillamme
ablative		turmaltamme	turmiltamme
allative		turmallemme	turmillemme
essive		turmanamme	turminamme
translative		turmaksemme	turmiksemme
abessive		turmattamme	turmittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	turminemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turmanne	turmanne
accusative	nom.	turmanne	turmanne
accusative	gen.	turmanne	turmanne
genitive		turmanne	turmienne turmainne^rare
partitive		turmaanne	turmianne
inessive		turmassanne	turmissanne
elative		turmastanne	turmistanne
illative		turmaanne	turmiinne
adessive		turmallanne	turmillanne
ablative		turmaltanne	turmiltanne
allative		turmallenne	turmillenne
essive		turmananne	turminanne
translative		turmaksenne	turmiksenne
abessive		turmattanne	turmittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	turminenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		turmansa	turmansa
accusative	nom.	turmansa	turmansa
accusative	gen.	turmansa	turmansa
genitive		turmansa	turmiensa turmainsa^rare
partitive		turmaansa	turmiaan turmiansa
inessive		turmassaan turmassansa	turmissaan turmissansa
elative		turmastaan turmastansa	turmistaan turmistansa
illative		turmaansa	turmiinsa
adessive		turmallaan turmallansa	turmillaan turmillansa
ablative		turmaltaan turmaltansa	turmiltaan turmiltansa
allative		turmalleen turmallensa	turmilleen turmillensa
essive		turmanaan turmanansa	turminaan turminansa
translative		turmakseen turmaksensa	turmikseen turmiksensa
abessive		turmattaan turmattansa	turmittaan turmittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	turmineen turminensa

Derived terms

[edit]

turmella
turmio(“ruin, something which leads to serious troubles”)

compounds

References

[edit]

^Kylstra, A.D.; Hahmo, Sirkka-Liisa; Hofstra, Tette; Nikkilä, Otto. 1991–2012.Lexikon der älteren germanischen Lehnwörter in den ostseefinnischen Sprachen. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

Anagrams

[edit]

murat,rumat

Latin

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Probably related toturba.^[1]

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Classical Latin)IPA^(key): /ˈtur.ma/,[ˈt̪ʊrmä]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)IPA^(key): /ˈtur.ma/,[ˈt̪urmä]

Noun

[edit]

turma f (genitiveturmae);first declension

atroop,squadron ofcavalry,team
(in general) a troop,crowd,company,throng,band,body

Declension

[edit]

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	turma	turmae
genitive	turmae	turmārum
dative	turmae	turmīs
accusative	turmam	turmās
ablative	turmā	turmīs
vocative	turma	turmae

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

→ Albanian:turmë
→ Ancient Greek:τύρμα(túrma),τούρμα(toúrma)
- Byzantine Greek:τούρμα(toúrma)
Aromanian:turmã
Friulian:torme
Italian:torma
→ Portuguese:turma
Romanian:turmă
→ Spanish:turma(semi-learned)

References

[edit]

“turma”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“turma”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891)An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
"turma", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
turma inGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
“turma”, inHarry Thurston Peck, editor (1898),Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
“turma”, inWilliam Smith et al., editor (1890),A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

^De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “turba”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,page634

Polish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed fromGermanTurm, fromMiddle High Germanturn,turm, fromOld High Germantorn, fromOld French, fromLatinturris.Doublet ofturnia.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈtur.ma/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-urma
Syllabification:tur‧ma

Noun

[edit]

turma f

(archaic)prison
Synonyms:więzienie,ciupa

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofturma

	singular	plural
nominative	turma	turmy
genitive	turmy	turm
dative	turmie	turmom
accusative	turmę	turmy
instrumental	turmą	turmami
locative	turmie	turmach
vocative	turmo	turmy

Portuguese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromLatinturma(“crowd, company”), perhaps a borrowing. CompareItaliantorma.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈtuʁ.mɐ/[ˈtuɦ.mɐ]

(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈtuʁ.mɐ/[ˈtuɦ.mɐ]
- (São Paulo)IPA^(key): /ˈtuɾ.mɐ/
- (Rio de Janeiro)IPA^(key): /ˈtuʁ.mɐ/
- (Southern Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈtuɻ.ma/