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too

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "too"

English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishto(“also, in addition to”), fromOld Englishtō(“furthermore, also, besides”), adverbial use of prepositiontō(“to, into”). The sense of "in addition, also" deriving from the original meaning of "apart, separately" (compare Old English prefixtō-(“apart”)).Doublet ofto; see there for more.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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too (notcomparable)

  1. (focus) Likewise.
    • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      The preposterous altruismtoo![…]Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.
    • 2013 July 26,Leo Hickman, “How algorithms rule the world”, inThe Guardian Weekly, volume189, number 7, page26:
      The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives. And, as their ubiquity spreads, sotoo does the debate around whether we should allow ourselves to become so reliant on them – and who, if anyone, is policing their use.
  2. (conjunctive)Also; in addition.
    There has been a cutback in federal subsidies. Rates have been increasingtoo.
    He's always willing to help. He,too, is generous with his time.
    • 1879,R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, inThe Amateur Poacher, London:Smith, Elder, & Co., […],→OCLC:
      They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he hadtoo.
    • 2013 July 19,Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, inThe Guardian Weekly, volume189, number 6, page18:
      Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopoliticstoo. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.
  3. (degree) To an excessive degree; over; more than enough.
    I'm still muchtoo young to drive, and my grandpa is already fartoo old.
    • 1620,Giovanni Bocaccio, translated byJohn Florio,The Decameron, Containing an Hundred Pleaſant Nouels: Wittily Diſcourſed, Betweene Seuen Honourable Ladies, and Three Noble Gentlemen‎[1], Isaac Iaggard, Nouell 8, The Eighth Day:
      […]purſued his vnneighbourly purpoſe in ſuch ſort: that hee being the ſtronger perſwader, and ſhe (belike)too credulous in beleeuing or elſe ouer-feeble in reſiſting, from priuate imparlance, they fell to action; and continued their cloſe fight a long while together, vnſeene and vvithout ſuſpition, no doubt to their equall ioy and contentment.
    • 2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, inThe Economist, volume408, number8847:
      The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania.[…]It was used to make kerosene, the main fuel for artificial lighting after overfishing led to a shortage of whale blubber. Other liquids produced in the refining process,too unstable or smoky for lamplight, were burned or dumped.
  4. (degree, colloquial) To a high degree,very.
    She doesn't talktoo much.  I'm nottoo sure about this.
  5. (emphatic, colloquial, childish)Used to contradict a negative assertion with present and simple past forms ofbe,do, and auxiliary verbs
    Synonym:so
    You're not old enough yet. ― I amtoo!
    You can't jump that fence. ― Cantoo jump it!
    We haven't been mean to you. ― Havetoo, plenty of times
  6. (archaic, colloquial)Used for emphasis, without reference to any previous statement.
    • 1852 March –1853 September,Charles Dickens,Bleak House, London:Bradbury and Evans, […], published1853,→OCLC:
      The trooper thanks his informant and rides slowly on, looking about him.[…] He comes to a gateway in the brick wall, looks in, and sees a great perplexity of iron lying about in every stage and in a vast variety of shapes—[…] "This is a place to make a man's head achetoo!" says the trooper, looking about him for a counting-house.

Usage notes

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  • When used in their senses as degree adverbs,very andtoo never modify verbs;very much andtoo much do instead.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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likewise
(conjunctive) also; in addition—seealso,‎in addition
more than enough;as too much
(degree, colloquial) to a high degree, very—see alsovery
used to contradict a negative assertion

See also

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Anagrams

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Acholi

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Noun

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too

  1. fox

Afar

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtoː/ [ˈtoː]
  • Hyphenation:too

Determiner

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tóo

  1. that,those (feminine)

Derived terms

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See also

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Afar demonstrative determiners
masculinefeminine
proximalátá
medialamátamá
distalwóotóo
very distalwótti

References

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  • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “too”, inAn Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London,→ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015)L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Asturian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtoo/[ˈt̪o.o]
  • Rhymes:-oo
  • Syllabification:to‧o

Determiner

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too n

  1. neutersingular oftou

Estonian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*too, fromProto-Uralic*to. Cognates includeFinnishtuo,Erzyaтона(tona),Hungariantova.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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too (genitivetolle,partitivetoda)

  1. (dialectal)that (over there)

Usage notes

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Used by speakers in and from Southern Estonia.

Declension

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Declension of too (irregular)
singularplural
nominativetoonood
genitivetollenonde
partitivetodanoid
illativetollesse / tossenondesse / noisse
inessivetolles / tosnondes / nois
elativetollest / tostnondest / noist
allativetollelenondele / noile
adessivetollel / tolnondel / noil
ablativetollelt / toltnondelt / noilt
translativetolleksnondeks / noiks
terminativetolleninondeni
essivetollenanondena
abessivetolletanondeta
comitativetolleganondega

See also

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Galice

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Etymology

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FromProto-Athabaskan*tuˑ.

Noun

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too

  1. water

References

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  • Harry Hoijer,Galice Athapaskan: A Grammatical Sketch, International Journal of American Linguistics, volume 32:4 (October 1966), pages 320-327

Galician

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Verb

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too

  1. first-personsingularpresentindicative oftoar

Hiligaynon

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Adjective

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toó

  1. dexter,right

Hunsrik

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Adverb

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too(Wiesemann spelling)

  1. Alternative spelling ofdo

Ingrian

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Finnic*too, fromProto-Uralic*to. Cognates includeFinnishtuo andKareliantuo.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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too

  1. that

Pronoun

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too

  1. that

Usage notes

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  • Too andnoo aredeictic: They refer to physical entities. In contrast,se andneet areanaphoric, and thus refer to something that is previously mentioned in the conversation.

Declension

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Declension oftoo
singularplural
nominativetoonoo
genitivetoonnoijen
accusativetoonnoo
partitivetootanoita
illativetoohonoihe
inessivetoosnois
elativetoostnoist
allativetoollenoille
adessivetoolnoil
ablativetooltnoilt
translativetooksnoiks
essivetoonnanoinna

Derived terms

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See also

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Ingrian demonstratives
proximalneutraldistal
singulartämä (tää)setoo
pluralnämät (näät)neetnoo

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromRussianто(to).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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too

  1. otherwise
Synonyms
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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too

  1. inflection oftoovva:
    1. presentindicativeconnegative
    2. second-personsingularimperative
    3. second-personsingularimperativeconnegative

References

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  • V. I. Junus (1936)Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page99
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971)Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page594
  • Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014)Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎[4],→ISBN, pages13-14

Karao

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Noun

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too

  1. person

Komba

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Noun

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too

  1. water

References

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Koyukon

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Etymology

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FromProto-Athabaskan*tuˑ.

Noun

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too

  1. water
    • (Can wedate this quote?), Melissa Axelrod,The semantic of time. Aspectual Categorization in Koyukon Athabaskan, page 167 (Extrait de l’histoire traditionnelle : Tobaan Etseh)
      "Tsookʼaał, nelotoo gheebenee?" yełnee.
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)

Mwan

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Noun

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too

  1. day
  2. tomorrow

Portuguese

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Verb

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too

  1. first-personsingularpresentindicative oftoar

Sekani

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Alternative forms

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  • choo(in some other dialects)

Etymology

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FromProto-Athabaskan*tuˑ.

Noun

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too

  1. (Kwadacha dialect)water

References

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  • Sharon Hargus,Documenting for revitalization: Kwadacha Tsek'ene, a case study (2014)

Spanish

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Verb

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too

  1. first-personsingularpresentindicative oftoar

West Makian

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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too

  1. (transitive) towrap up

Conjugation

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Conjugation oftoo (action verb)
singularplural
inclusiveexclusive
1st persontotoomotooatoo
2nd personnotoofotoo
3rd personinanimateitoodotoo
animate
imperativenotoo,toofotoo,too

References

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  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982)The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[5], Pacific linguistics

Yola

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishto, fromOld Englishtō.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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too

  1. too
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number11, page88:
      W' vengemtoo hard, he zunk ee commane,
      With venomtoo hard, he sunk his bat-club,

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867,page88

Yoruba

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Etymology

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FromHausatṑ; cognate withBaatonumto.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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tóò

  1. okay,well
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