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tithe

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:t-itheandti thể

English

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The Buckland Abbey tithe barn

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishtithe,tythe,tethe, fromOld Englishtēoþa,tēoða,teogoþa (in verb senses viaMiddle Englishtithen,tythen,tethen, fromOld Englishtēoþian,teogoþian), from a proposedProto-Germanic*tehunþô,*tehundô(a tenth), with its nasal consonant being lost according to theIngvaeonic nasal spirant law. Cognate withWest Frisiantsiende(tithe),Saterland FrisianTeeged(tithe),Dutchtiende,German Low GermanTeihnte,GermanZehnt(tithe),Danishtiende(tithe),Icelandictíund(tithe),Dutchtiende(tithe).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tithe (pluraltithes)

  1. (archaic) Atenth.
    • 1936,Robert Frost, “The Vindictives”, inA Further Range:
      But really that gold was not half
      That a king might have hoped to compel—
      Not a half, not a third, not atithe.
  2. (historical) The tenth part of the increase arising from the profits ofland andstock, allotted to the clergy for their support, as in England, or devoted to religious or charitable uses; a tax taking ten percent of land or stock profits, used for religious or charitable purposes.
    Synonyms:decim,(Italian contexts)decima,decimate,decimation,tithing,titheling
    • 1705, William Forbes,A Treatise of Church-lands & Tithes[1], page284:
      For this is abundantly confuted by the Constitutions and Practice of these Christian States whereTithes have been variously settled, for maintenance of the Evangelical Priest-hood ; and other pious Uses, by legal and civilTithes, which imply aDebitum Justitiæ.
    • 1917,The English Reports: Exchequer, page789:
      That there is and from time immemorial has been within that part of the parish called Mablethorpe St. Mary's a laudable custom that, if any outdweller take ancient pasture ground, he shall pay a modus of 4d. an acre, and so in proportion, on the 1st of August, in lieu of all manner oftithe; and that if any of the ancient pasture be once ploughed up or meadowed, it shall, when restored to pasture again, pay 4d. the acre in the hands of such outdweller.
  3. A contribution to one's religious community or congregation of worship (notably to theLDS church).
  4. A small part or proportion.
    • 1857, Thomas Hughes,Tom Brown's School Days:
      Prayers and calling-over seemed twice as short as usual, and before they could get construes of atithe of the hard passages marked in the margin of their books, they were all seated round, and the Doctor was standing in the middle, talking in whispers to the master.
    • 1837,L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Presentiment”, inEthel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. [], volume II, London:Henry Colburn, [],→OCLC,page126:
      I scarcely know any thing that really interests me, and I would give a great deal not to be so quick-sighted as I am; it would be so pleasant to believe only atithe of the professions that are made me.

Derived terms

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Translations

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tenthseetenth
tax paid to the Church
a small part or proportion
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Adjective

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tithe (notcomparable)

  1. (archaic)Tenth.

Verb

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tithe (third-person singular simple presenttithes,present participletithing,simple past and past participletithed)

  1. Togiveone-tenth or a tithe ofsomething,particularly:
    1. (transitive) Topaysomething as a tithe.
      • 854, "Grant by Adulf" inCartularium Saxonicum, Book ii, 79:
        Heteoðode gynd eall his cyne rice ðoneteoðan del ealra his landa.
      • 1967 August 6,Observer, section 4:
        A reply sent to a young member by the sect's letter-answering department was more precise: ‘A person working for wages is totithe one-tenth of the total amount of his wages before income tax, national health, or other deductions are removed.’
    2. (transitive) Topay a tithe uponsomething.
      • c. 897,King Alfred translatingSt Gregory,Pastoral Care, Chapter lvii:
        ...getiogoðiað eowremintan & eowernedile & eowernekymen.
      • 1562, F.J. Furnivall, editor,Child-marriages... in the Diocese of Chester A.D. 1561-6, page138:
        Themaner oftiethingpigge andgose is,yf one havevijth, to pay one.
      • 1901,Xenophon, translated by H.G. Dakyns,Anabasis, Book V, Chapter iii, §9:
        Here with the sacred money [Xenophon] built an altar and a temple, and ever after, year by year,tithed the fruits of the land in their season and did sacrifice to the goddess.
    3. (intransitive) Topay a tithe; topay a 10%tax
      Synonym:decimate
      • a.1200, Trinity College Homilies, 215:
        Þeprestþemeneȝeðrihtlicheteðien.
      • 1942 September,Esquire, page174:
        They went to the Six Hickories church—tithed—and behaved themselves.
    4. (intransitive, figuratively) Topay oroffer as alevy in themanner of a tithe orreligioustax.
      • 1630, Anonymous translation of Giovanni Botero, anonymously translated asRelations of the Most Famous Kingdomes and Common-wealths, p. 510:
        These slaves are either thesonnes of Christians,tithed in their childhoods, Captives taken in thewarres, orRenegadoes.
      • 1976 June 20,Billings Gazette, C1:
        FormerSouthern officers prospered andtithed up to 50 percent for Civil War II, which never came.
  2. Totakeone-tenth or a tithe ofsomething,particularly:
    1. (transitive) Toimpose a tithe uponsomeone orsomething.
      • 1382,Wycliffite Bible,Hebrews 7:9:
        Leeuy, that tooktithis, istithid.
      • 1843, Frederick Marryat, chapter XI, inNarrative of the Travels and Adventures of Monsieur Violet, in California, Sonora, & Western Texas, volume III, page212:
        The cost... has been defrayed bytithing the whole Mormon Church. Those who reside at Nauvoo... have been obliged to work every tenth day in quarrying stone.
    2. (transitive) Tospareonlyeverytenthperson,killing therest(usually in relation to the sacking of the episcopal seat at Canterbury by the pagan Danes in 1011).
    3. (transitive) Toenforce orcollect a tithe uponsomeone orsomething.
      Synonyms:decimate,tithe out
      • 1591,The Troublesome Raigne of Iohn King of England, i, G:
        TheMonkes the Priors and holycloystredNunnes,
        Are all in health,...
        Till I hadtythde andtolde their holyhoords.
      • a.1642, Henry Best,The Farming and Memorandum Books of Henry Best of Elmswell, published1984, page26:
        When the parson or Proctercommeth totythe hiswooll.
    4. (transitive, obsolete) Todecimate: tokilleverytenthperson,usually as amilitarypunishment.
      Synonym:decimate
      • 1606, William Shakespeare,Timon of Athens:
        By decimation, and atithed death, / ... take thou the destin'd tenth
      • 1609, A. Marcellinus, translated by Philemon Holland,The Romane Historie, D, iii:
        TheThebane Legion... was firsttithed, that is, every tenth man thereof was executed.
      • 1610, William Camden, translated by Philemon Holland,A Chorographicall Description of... England, Scotland, and Ireland,i, 705:
        Keepingaliue... twoprincipall persons, that they might betithed with thesoldiors... Every tenth man of the Normans they chose out by lot, to be executed.
    5. (intransitive) Toenforce orcollect a tithe.
      • 1822, Thomas Love Peacock, chapter VI, inMaid Marian, page210:
        Those whotithe and toll upon them for their spiritual and temporal benefit.
  3. (transitive, obsolete) Tocompose thetenthpart ofsomething.
    • 1586, William Warner,Albions England: A Continued Historie,i, v, 15:
      Hersorrowes did nottith herioy.

Derived terms

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Translations

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to collect a tithe

Anagrams

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Irish

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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tithe pl

  1. plural ofteach(house)
  2. housing
    Synonym:tithíocht

Mutation

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Mutated forms oftithe
radicallenitioneclipsis
tithethithedtithe

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^Quiggin, E. C. (1906)A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page68

Further reading

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Middle English

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Middle English numbers(edit)
100
 ←  1 ←  91020  → 
1
   Cardinal:ten
   Ordinal:tenthe,tithe

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Englishtēoþa,teogoþa, fromProto-West Germanic*tehundō,*tegundō, fromProto-Germanic*tehundô,*tegundô; equivalent toten +‎-the(ordinal suffix); comparetenthe.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈteːð(ə)/,/ˈtiːð(ə)/
  • (dialectal)IPA(key): /ˈtæi̯ð(ə)/,/ˈtiu̯ð(ə)/

Adjective

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tithe

  1. tenth

Descendants

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Noun

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tithe (pluraltithes)

  1. One of ten equal parts of a whole; atenth.
  2. Atithe; atenth of one's income given toclergy.

Related terms

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Descendants

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References

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