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tart

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Tart,tárt,andtärt

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishtart, fromOld Englishteart(“sharp, rough, severe”), fromProto-West Germanic*tart, fromProto-Germanic*tartaz(“rough, sharp, tearing”), fromProto-Germanic*teraną(“to tear”), fromProto-Indo-European*der-(“to flay, split, cleave”). Related toScotstairt(“tart; tartness”),Dutchtarten(“to defy, challenge, mock”),Germantrotzen(“to defy, brave, mock”), perhapsAlbanianthartë(“sour, acid, sharp”).

Adjective

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tart (comparativetarter,superlativetartest)

  1. Sharp to the taste; acid; sour.
    I ate a verytart apple.
  2. (of wine) high or too high inacidity.
  3. (figuratively) Sharp; keen; severe.
    He gave me a verytart reply.
Synonyms
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  • (of wine: high in acidity):green
Derived terms
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Translations
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with sharp taste, sour
high or too high in acidity (of wine)
sharp (figuratively)

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishtart,tarte, fromOld Frenchtarte,tartre(“flat pastry”) (compareMedieval Latintarta), of unknown origin. Perhaps an alteration ofOld Frenchtorte,tourte, fromLatinturta, perhaps fromtŏrta f(“twisted”), in which case it would be cognate totorta.

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Noun

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tart (pluraltarts)

  1. A type of small open pie, or piece of pastry, now typically containing jelly (US) / jam (UK) or conserve, or sometimes other fillings (chocolate, custard,egg,butter, historically even meat or othersavory fillings).
  2. Amelt(block of wax for use in atart burner).
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Descendants
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  • → Cantonese:撻 /挞(taat1)
Translations
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open-topped pie or pastry

Etymology 3

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From arebracketing ofsweetheart, or fromjam tart(“attractive woman”) by shortening.

Noun

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tart (pluraltarts)

  1. (British, slang) Aprostitute.
  2. (British, slang, derogatory, by extension) Any woman with loose sexual morals.
    • 1950,Roy E. Blick (police inspector),testimony before the United States Congress‎[1]:
      We know the majority of the places that thesetarts will hang out at.
    • 2013 November 13, “Costa Concordia captain's mistress reveals late night sex sessions in cabin before doomed cruise liner sank”, inDaily Mirror‎[2]:
      She told the Sun: "I'm talked about as an 'easy girl', the 'blondeslut' who distracted the captain and caused the crash. It's so wrong. I'm not some littletart."
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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prostitute
woman with loose sexual morals

Verb

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tart (third-person singular simple presenttarts,present participletarting,simple past and past participletarted)

  1. To practiceprostitution.
  2. To practicepromiscuous sex.
  3. To dressgarishly,ostentatiously,whorishly, orsluttily.
Derived terms
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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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tart

  1. inflection oftarten:
    1. first/second/third-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. imperative

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Of uncertain origin. Possibly fromProto-Finno-Ugric*tarttɜ-(“to cling to, stick to, get caught”),[1][2] compareProto-Finnic*tarttudak(“to stick, adhere; grab, seize”).

Verb

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tart

  1. (heading) To force someone or something to remain in place or in position by counteracting another force.
    1. (transitive) tohold,keep(withlocativesuffixes orlativesuffixes)
      Synonym:fog
      Könyvet tart a kezében. ―Heholds a book in his hand.
    2. (transitive) tosupport (keep in the same place, withstanding its weight)
      Synonyms:támaszt,megtámaszt,megtart
      Antonym:elenged(“to let go”)
      A falaktartják a tetőt. ―The wallssupport the roof.
    3. (transitive) tokeep,keep up,preserve,retain(to hold something in the same status or condition, not letting it change or cease)
      Synonyms:őriz,megőriz
      A hűtő hidegentartja az ételt. ―The refrigeratorkeeps the food cold.
      Tartja az iramot. ―He/she/itkeeps up the pace.
    4. (transitive) tokeep(not give up or relinquish)
      Synonyms:őriz,megőriz,megtart
      Tudsz titkot tartani? ―Can youkeep a secret?
    5. (transitive) tokeep back,hold back,hinder,detain,retain(optionally withlocativesuffixes)
      Synonyms:tartóztat,marasztal,hátráltat,akadályoz,gátol,visszatart,visszafog,visszafojt,elfog,megállít
    6. (transitive) tokeep,observe,follow(rule, obligation, custom, tradition, or ritual)
      Synonyms:követ,betart,megtart,igazodik
    7. (transitive) tokeep(to remain faithful to a given promise, word, bet or wager)
      Synonyms:betart,megtart
      (idiomatic):Tartja a szavát. ―Hekeeps his word. (i.e. a promise)
    8. (transitive) tokeep,maintain,cultivate,foster,harbor,nurse,nurture,cherish(relationship with any acquaintance, familial relations, or bad feelings, grudge towards someone)
      Synonyms:fenntart,ápol,táplál
  2. (heading) To provide some person or another being with a place to stay or a way of life, supplying them, or to keep, own something temporarily somewhere.
    1. (transitive) toemploy,hire,keep,have(someone for regular service)
      Synonyms:alkalmaz,foglalkoztat
      Bejárónőttart. ―S/heemploys a daily help.
    2. (transitive) tokeep,raise,farm(a pet or other animal)
      Synonyms:gondoz,gondoskodik
      Kutyáttart. ―S/hekeeps a dog.
    3. (transitive) tokeep,store(to hold something in the same place; withlocativesuffixes)
      Synonyms:tárol(“to store”),őriz(“to guard”),eltesz
      A fontos papírokat a fiókban tartom. ―Ikeep the important documentsin the drawer.
  3. (heading) To perform an action that takes some time.
    1. (transitive) tohave,hold,give,conduct,perform(a lecture, performance, presentation, meeting, etc.; on something:-ról/-ről)
      Synonyms:rendez,szervez
    2. (transitive) totake(a break)
      szünetet tart ―totake a break
  4. (heading) To believe, deem, consider.
    1. (transitive) tofind,think,deem,consider,regard something(with-nak/-nek)
      Synonyms:gondol,vél,lát,ítél,tekint
      Ezt az ötletet jónak tartom. ―Ithink this is a good idea. (literally, “I find this idea good.”)
      Saját felelősségemnek tartom. ―Iconsider it (as) my own responsibility
    2. (transitive) toesteem,deem,regard,think highly or poorly of(with-ra/-re)
      Synonyms:becsül,értékel
      Sokra tartom ezt az embert. ―I highlythink of this person.
  5. (heading) To go on for a certain time, to extend to a certain limit.
    1. (intransitive, of some program, event etc.) tolast,continue,go on, to bein progress(used with-tól/-től …-ig)
      Synonyms:folyik,zajlik
      Antonyms:befejeződik,végződik,véget ér(“to end”),megszakad,félbeszakad(“to be interrupted”)
      Az előadás déligtart. ―The lecturegoes on until noon. (The lecture ends at noon)
      Tart még a film a tévében? ―Is the film stillplaying on TV?
    2. (intransitive) totake up space,extend
      Synonyms:ér,terjed
      A dugó a Petőfi utcától a Kossuth utcáig tart. ―The traffic jamextends from Petőfi Streetup to Kossuth Street.
  7. (heading) To be somewhere in a progress or to go somewhere.
    1. (intransitive) to beat, to have got(ten) to some point(while proceeding, momentarily describing how far a process has gone; used withlocativesuffixes)
      Synonyms:van,áll,jut(ott)
      A könyv elejéntartok. ―I am at the beginning of the book.
      Holtartasz a munkával? ―How farhave you got with your work?
    2. (intransitive, slightly literary) tohead to some direction, to bebound somewhere(withlativesuffixes)
      Synonyms:megy,halad,(of a road, path, etc.)vezet
      Merretartasz? ―Whereare you headed?
    3. (intransitive, slightly literary) tojoin oraccompany someone(with-val/-vel)
      Synonyms:megy,jön,csatlakozik
      Velünktartasz? ―Will youjoin us?
    4. (intransitive, mathematics) toconverge, havelimit at (-hoz/-hez/-höz or-ba/-be)
      Synonym:konvergál
      A sorozat 0-hoz tart. ―The sequenceconverges to 0.
  8. (heading) To be afraid of or sorry about something.
    1. (intransitive) tofear, to beafraid orapprehensive(of someone or something-tól/-től)
      Synonyms:fél,aggódik
      Tartok a betörőktől. ―I’mafraid of burglars.
      • 1990, Róbert Hámori,Egérderby, Budapest: Eötvös Kiadó,→ISBN,→OCLC, page 8:
        A dzsip a lépcsőháztól nem messze parkol, balra, ide tessékelnek be, a feszültség azért már oldódik, a rendőrök is érzik, tudják, nincs mitőltartaniuk, épp eléggé elfoglal engem a magam baja, nemhogy szökésre gondoljak.
        (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
    2. (intransitive, construed withattól) to beafraid, to beregretful, to besorry
      Synonyms:sajnál,restell
      Attóltartok, nem tudok ebben segíteni önnek/neked. ―I amafraid I cannot help you in this matter.
Conjugation
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Conjugation oftart
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.tartoktartasztarttartunktartotoktartanak
def.tartomtartodtartjatartjuktartjátoktartják
2nd objtartalak
pastindef.tartottamtartottáltartotttartottunktartottatoktartottak
def.tartottamtartottadtartottatartottuktartottátoktartották
2nd objtartottalak
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verbfog, e.g.tartani fog.
archaic
preterite		indef.tartéktartáltartatartánktartátoktartának
def.tartámtartádtartátartánktartátoktarták
2nd objtartálak
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.tart vala,tartott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.tartandoktartandasztartandtartandunktartandotoktartandanak
def.tartandomtartandodtartandjatartandjuktartandjátoktartandják
2nd objtartandalak
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.tartanéktartanáltartanatartanánktartanátoktartanának
def.tartanámtartanádtartanátartanánk
(or tartanók)		tartanátoktartanák
2nd objtartanálak
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.tartott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.tartsaktarts or
tartsál		tartsontartsunktartsatoktartsanak
def.tartsamtartsd or
tartsad		tartsatartsuktartsátoktartsák
2nd objtartsalak
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.tartott légyen
infinitivetartanitartanomtartanodtartaniatartanunktartanotoktartaniuk
other
forms		verbal nounpresent part.past part.future part.adverbial participlecausative
tartástartótartotttartandótartva (tartván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same-(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by-ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional-ik verbs).
Potential conjugation oftart
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.tarthatoktarthatsztarthattarthatunktarthattoktarthatnak
def.tarthatomtarthatodtarthatjatarthatjuktarthatjátoktarthatják
2nd objtarthatlak
pastindef.tarthattamtarthattáltarthatotttarthattunktarthattatoktarthattak
def.tarthattamtarthattadtarthattatarthattuktarthattátoktarthatták
2nd objtarthattalak
archaic
preterite		indef.tarthatéktarthatáltarthatatarthatánktarthatátoktarthatának
def.tarthatámtarthatádtarthatátarthatánktarthatátoktarthaták
2nd objtarthatálak
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.tarthat vala,tarthatott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.tarthatandok
or tartandhatok		tarthatandasz
or tartandhatsz		tarthatand
or tartandhat		tarthatandunk
or tartandhatunk		tarthatandotok
or tartandhattok		tarthatandanak
or tartandhatnak
def.tarthatandom
or tartandhatom		tarthatandod
or tartandhatod		tarthatandja
or tartandhatja		tarthatandjuk
or tartandhatjuk		tarthatandjátok
or tartandhatjátok		tarthatandják
or tartandhatják
2nd objtarthatandalak
or tartandhatlak
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.tarthatnéktarthatnáltarthatnatarthatnánktarthatnátoktarthatnának
def.tarthatnámtarthatnádtarthatnátarthatnánk
(or tarthatnók)		tarthatnátoktarthatnák
2nd objtarthatnálak
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.tarthatott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.tarthassaktarthass or
tarthassál		tarthassontarthassunktarthassatoktarthassanak
def.tarthassamtarthasd or
tarthassad		tarthassatarthassuktarthassátoktarthassák
2nd objtarthassalak
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.tarthatott légyen
infinitive(tarthatni)(tarthatnom)(tarthatnod)(tarthatnia)(tarthatnunk)(tarthatnotok)(tarthatniuk)
other
forms		positive adjectivenegative adjectiveadverbial participle
tarthatótarthatatlan(tarthatva /tarthatván)
Derived terms
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Compound words

Expressions

Etymology 2

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tar(“bald”) +‎-t(accusative suffix)

Adjective

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tart

  1. accusativesingular oftar

References

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  1. ^Entry #1029 inUralonet, online Uralic etymological database of theHungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^tart in Károly Gerstner, editor,Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics /Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

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  • tart in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.

Irish

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Etymology

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FromOld Irishtart,[1] fromProto-Celtic*tartus, fromProto-Indo-European*térstus, from*ters-(“dry”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tart m (genitive singulartarta)

  1. thirst
    Tátart orm. ―I am thirsty. (literally, “Thirst is on me.”)
    Chuir an liamhástart air. ―The ham made him thirsty. (literally, “The ham putthirst on him.”)

Declension

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Declension oftart (third declension, no plural)
forms with thedefinite article
singular
nominativeantart
genitiveantarta
dativeleis antart
dontart

Mutation

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Mutated forms oftart
radicallenitioneclipsis
tartthartdtart

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tart”, ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931)Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux,§ 24, page14
  3. ^Quiggin, E. C. (1906)A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press,§ 380, page128

Further reading

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Englishteart, fromProto-Germanic*tartaz.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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tart(rare)

  1. Sour, tart; having muchacidity.
  2. (Early Middle English) Acute, keen; showing sharpness.
Descendants
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References
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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tart

  1. Alternative form oftarte

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsetartr.Doublet oftert.

Noun

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tart m (definite singulartarten,indefinite pluraltarter,definite pluraltartene)

  1. (zoology) asmallsalmon
    Synonym:svele

References

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Anagrams

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsetartr.Doublet oftert.

Noun

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tart m (definite singulartarten,indefinite pluraltartar,definite pluraltartane)

  1. (zoology) asmallsalmon
    Synonyms:silung,svelung,svele

References

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Anagrams

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Old French

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Adjective

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tart m (oblique and nominative feminine singulartarde)

  1. late(after the end of a given period)

Adverb

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tart

  1. late(after the end of a given period)

Related terms

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Descendants

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Old Irish

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Celtic*tartus, fromProto-Indo-European*térstus, from*ters-(“dry”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tart m (genitivetarta)

  1. thirst
Inflection
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Masculine u-stem
singulardualplural
nominativetarttartLtartae
vocativetarttartLtartu
accusativetartNtartLtartu
genitivetartoH,tartaHtarto,tartatartaeN
dativetartLtartaibtartaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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·tart

  1. first-personsingularpresentsubjunctiveperfectiveprototonic ofdo·beir

Mutation

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Mutation oftart
radicallenitionnasalization
·tart·thart·tart
pronounced with/-d(ʲ)-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Norse

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Noun

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tart

  1. accusativesingularindefinite oftartr m

Polish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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tart

  1. genitiveplural oftarta
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