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tar

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "tar"
Languages (22)
English
Aromanian • Asturian • Azerbaijani • Hungarian • Indonesian • Irish • Karaim • Karakalpak • Maltese • Manx • Middle English • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Irish • Pali • Polish • Portuguese • Romanian • Sumerian • Swedish • Yola
Page categories

English

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WOTD – 22 May 2007
EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

[edit]
PIE word
*dóru

FromMiddle Englishter,terr,tarr, fromOld Englishteoru, fromProto-West Germanic*teru, fromProto-Germanic*terwą (compareSaterland FrisianTaar,West Frisiantarre,tar,Dutchteer,GermanTeer), fromProto-Indo-European*derwo- (compareWelshderw(“oaks”),Lithuaniandervà(“pinewood, resin”),Russianде́рево(dérevo,“tree”),Bulgarianдърво́(dǎrvó,“tree”)), from*dóru(“tree”). More attree.

Noun

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

tar (countable anduncountable,pluraltars)

  2. (usually uncountable) A black, oily, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly ofhydrocarbons derived from organic materials such as wood,peat, or coal.
    2. Coal tar.
    3. (uncountable) A solid residual byproduct oftobacco smoke.
  4. (slang, dated) Asailor, because of the traditionaltarpaulin clothes.
    Synonyms:Jack Tar,jacktar,jack
    • 1723,Jonathan Swift,To Charles Mordaunt, Earl of Peterborough‎[2]:
      Shines in all climates like a star; In senates bold, and fierce in war; A land commander, and atar.
    • 1851,Herman Melville,Moby Dick:
      a ruminatingtar was[…]adorning [the woodensettle] with his jack-knife,[…]trying his hand at a ship under full sail.
    • 1915, W. McMann, “Our Picture Show”, inWestern Evening Herald:
      If there's one man that I admire, that man's a Britishtar.
  6. (uncountable)Black tar, a form ofheroin.
Derived terms
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Terms derived fromtar (noun)
Translations
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substance
coal tar
byproduct of tobacco smoke
sailor

Verb

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tar (third-person singular simple presenttars,present participletarring,simple past and past participletarred)

  1. (transitive) Tocoat with tar.
  2. (transitive) Tobesmirch.
    The allegationstarred his name, even though he was found innocent.
    • 1995, Paul Robinson,The Gate Contracts:
      Dr. Sign: In fact, maybe you think I should get credit, but if I do, Dr. Frendall will be scorned. You know why
      Dr. Ellsworth: Yes, I know. Your critics willtar him with the same brush as you.
Derived terms
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Translations
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to coat with tar

Etymology 2

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Abbreviation oftapearchive.

Noun

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tar (pluraltars)

  1. (computing) Aprogram for archiving files, common onUnix systems.
  2. (computing) Afile produced by such a program.
Derived terms
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Translations
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a file produced by an archiving program

Verb

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tar (third-person singular simple presenttars,present participletarring,simple past and past participletarred)

  1. (computing, transitive) To create a tar archive.
Antonyms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

FromPersianتار(târ).Doublet oftantra.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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tar (pluraltars)

  2. A Persian long-necked, waistedstring instrument, shared by many cultures and countries in the Middle East and the Caucasus.
Translations
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Persian musical instrument
See also
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Etymology 4

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FromArabicطار(ṭār).

Noun

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tar (pluraltars)

  1. A single-headed roundframe drum originating in North Africa and the Middle East.
See also
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References
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Etymology 5

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Noun

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tar (pluraltars)

  1. Alternative form oftara(“Indian coin”)

Anagrams

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Aromanian

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Noun

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tar m (pluraltari)

  1. donkey

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Asturian

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Etymology

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Ultimately fromLatinstāre. CompareSpanishestar,Aragoneseestar,Galicianestar,Portugueseestar,Catalanestar.

Verb

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tar

  1. tobe (referring to geographical place)
  2. tobe (referring to something temporary)
  3. tobe (for use in constructing continuous verb forms)
    tas xugando ―you are playing

Conjugation

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Conjugation oftar
infinitivetar
gerundivetando
participlem[Term?],f[Term?],ntao,m pl[Term?],f pl[Term?]
personfirst singular
yo		second singular
tu		third singular
él/elli		first plural
nosotros/nós		second plural
vosotros/vós		third plural
ellos
indicativepresentto
toi		tastatamostaistán
imperfecttabatabestabatábamos ~tábemostabais ~tabeistaben
preteritetuvi
tevi		tuvisti
tuviesti		tuvo
tevo		tuvimos
tuviemos		tuvistis
tuviestis		tuvieron
pluperfecttuviera ~tuvieretuvieras ~tuvierestuviera ~tuvieretuviéramos ~tuviéremostuvierais ~tuviereistuvieran ~tuvieren
futuretarétarástarátaremostaréistarán
conditionaltaríataríestaríataríamos ~taríemostaríais ~taríeistaríen
subjunctivepresentteateasteateamosteáistean
imperfecttuviera ~tuvieretuvieras ~tuvierestuviera ~tuvieretuviéramos ~tuviéremostuvierais ~tuviereistuvieran ~tuvieren
imperativetatai

See also

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Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromPersianتار(târ).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tar (definite accusativetarı,pluraltarlar)

  1. tar

Declension

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Declension oftar
singularplural
nominativetartarlar
definite accusativetarıtarları
dativetaratarlara
locativetardatarlarda
ablativetardantarlardan
definite genitivetarıntarların
Possessive forms oftar
nominative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)tarımtarlarım
sənin(“your”)tarıntarların
onun(“his/her/its”)tarıtarları
bizim(“our”)tarımıztarlarımız
sizin(“your”)tarınıztarlarınız
onların(“their”)tarı ortarlarıtarları
accusative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)tarımıtarlarımı
sənin(“your”)tarınıtarlarını
onun(“his/her/its”)tarınıtarlarını
bizim(“our”)tarımızıtarlarımızı
sizin(“your”)tarınızıtarlarınızı
onların(“their”)tarını ortarlarınıtarlarını
dative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)tarımatarlarıma
sənin(“your”)tarınatarlarına
onun(“his/her/its”)tarınatarlarına
bizim(“our”)tarımızatarlarımıza
sizin(“your”)tarınızatarlarınıza
onların(“their”)tarına ortarlarınatarlarına
locative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)tarımdatarlarımda
sənin(“your”)tarındatarlarında
onun(“his/her/its”)tarındatarlarında
bizim(“our”)tarımızdatarlarımızda
sizin(“your”)tarınızdatarlarınızda
onların(“their”)tarında ortarlarındatarlarında
ablative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)tarımdantarlarımdan
sənin(“your”)tarındantarlarından
onun(“his/her/its”)tarındantarlarından
bizim(“our”)tarımızdantarlarımızdan
sizin(“your”)tarınızdantarlarınızdan
onların(“their”)tarından ortarlarındantarlarından
genitive
singularplural
mənim(“my”)tarımıntarlarımın
sənin(“your”)tarınıntarlarının
onun(“his/her/its”)tarınıntarlarının
bizim(“our”)tarımızıntarlarımızın
sizin(“your”)tarınızıntarlarınızın
onların(“their”)tarının ortarlarınıntarlarının

Hungarian

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Etymology

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Borrowing from anOghur language, before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries),[1] fromProto-Turkic*tāŕ(“bald”). Cognates includeTurkishdazlak(“bald”),Karakhanidتازْ(tāz,“bald”), andMiddle Mongol[script needed](tarasun,“bald”), the latter perhaps a Turkic borrowing too.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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tar (notcomparable)

  1. bald
    Synonym:kopasz

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-o-, back harmony)
singularplural
nominativetartarok
accusativetarttarokat
dativetarnaktaroknak
instrumentaltarraltarokkal
causal-finaltarérttarokért
translativetarrátarokká
terminativetarigtarokig
essive-formaltarkénttarokként
essive-modal——
inessivetarbantarokban
superessivetarontarokon
adessivetarnáltaroknál
illativetarbatarokba
sublativetarratarokra
allativetarhoztarokhoz
elativetarbóltarokból
delativetarróltarokról
ablativetartóltaroktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular		tarétaroké
non-attributive
possessive – plural		taréitarokéi

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^tar in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.).Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006,→ISBN.  (See alsoits 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • tar in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.

Indonesian

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IndonesianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaid

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Unknown.

Noun

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tar (pluraltar-tar)

  1. Alternative spelling oftir(chess pieces)

Etymology 2

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Onomatopoeic.

Noun

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tar (pluraltar-tar)

  1. (onomatopoeic)whippingsound

Etymology 3

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FromDutchtaart, fromMiddle Dutchtāerte, fromOld Frenchtarte.

Noun

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tar (pluraltar-tar)

  1. (cooking) a type ofcake
    Synonym:kue tar
Alternative forms
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Etymology 4

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FromEnglishtar, fromProto-Germanic*terwą, fromProto-Indo-European*derwo-.Doublet ofter andtir.

Noun

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tar (pluraltar-tar)

  1. tar, the solid residual byproduct of tobacco smoke
Usage notes
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Other definition oftar translated intoter ortir.

Etymology 5

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Noun

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tar (pluraltar-tar)

  1. (colloquial)aphetic form ofsebentar

Further reading

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Irish

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Etymology

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FromOld Irishdo·icc. The imperative is from a related verb,do·airicc.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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tar (present analytictagann,future analytictiocfaidh,verbal nounteacht,past participletagtha)

  1. tocome
    Tiocfaidh ár lá.
    Our day will come.
  2. tosurvive,pull through
    Bhí a ndeartháir ar leaba an bháis, achtháinig sé.
    Their brother was on his deathbed, but he pulled through.
    Bádh a hathair agustháinig a máthair.
    Her father drowned and her mother survived.

Conjugation

[edit]
conjugation oftar (irregular)
verbal nounteacht
past participletagtha
tensesingularpluralrelativeautonomous
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicative
presenttagaimtagann tú;
tagair†		tagann sé, sítagaimid;
tagann muid		tagann sibhtagann siad;
tagaid†		athagann; athagas /
adtagann*; adtagas*		tagtar
pasttháinig mé;
thánag		tháinig tú;
thángais		tháinig sé, síthángamar;
tháinig muid		tháinig sibh;
thángabhair		tháinig siad;
thángadar		atháinig /
artháinig*		thángthas
past habitualthagainn /dtagainn‡‡thagtá /dtagtᇇthagadh sé, sí /dtagadh sé, s퇇thagaimis;
thagadh muid /dtagaimis‡‡;
dtagadh muid‡‡		thagadh sibh /dtagadh sibh‡‡thagaidís;thagadh siad /dtagaidís‡‡;dtagadh siad‡‡athagadh /
adtagadh*		thagtaí /dtagta퇇
futuretiocfaidh mé;
tiocfad		tiocfaidh tú;
tiocfair†		tiocfaidh sé, sítiocfaimid;
tiocfaidh muid		tiocfaidh sibhtiocfaidh siad;
tiocfaid†		athiocfaidh, athiocfas /
adtiocfaidh*, adtiocfas*		tiocfar
conditionalthiocfainn /dtiocfainn‡‡thiocfá /dtiocfᇇthiocfadh sé, sí /dtiocfadh sé, s퇇thiocfaimis;
thiocfadh muid /dtiocfaimis‡‡;
dtiocfadh muid‡‡		thiocfadh sibh /dtiocfadh sibh‡‡thiocfaidís;
thiocfadh siad /dtiocfaidís‡‡;
dtiocfadh siad‡‡		athiocfadh /
adtiocfadh*		thiocfaí /dtiocfa퇇
subjunctive
presentgodtaga mé;
godtagad†		godtaga tú;
godtagair†		godtaga sé, sígodtagaimid;
godtaga muid		godtaga sibhgodtaga siad;
godtagaid†		—godtagtar
pastdádtagainndádtagtádádtagadh sé, sídádtagaimis;
dádtagadh muid		dádtagadh sibhdádtagaidís; dádtagadh siad—dádtagtaí
imperative
–tagaimtartagadh sé, sítagaimistagaigí;
tagaidh†		tagaidís—tagtar

*indirect relative
† dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that triggereclipsis

Forms based on the stemtig- (e.g.tigim andtig/tigeann) are found in Ulster, North Mayo and parts of Munster; in at least some of these varieties there may also be spontaneous lenition tothig etc. even in environments where no lenition is expected. Forms based on the stemteag- (e.g.teagaim,teagann) are found in parts of Connacht.

The present analytictig is particularly common intar le(“be able”).

The obsolete present subjunctivetí is now found only in the prepositiongo dtí(“to, toward, up to, until”).

Alternative forms of the second-person singular imperative includetair in Munster,teighre in Aran,teara in Connemara, andgabh in Ulster.

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms oftar
radicallenitioneclipsis
tarthardtar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Karaim

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Etymology

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FromProto-Turkic*t(i)ār.

Adjective

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tar

  1. narrow

References

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  • N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “tar”, inKaraimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva,→ISBN

Karakalpak

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Etymology

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FromProto-Turkic*t(i)ār.

Adjective

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tar

  1. narrow

References

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  • N. A. Baskakov, editor (1958), “тар”, inKarakalpaksko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Karakalpak-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: Akademija Nauk Uzbekskoj SSR,→ISBN

Maltese

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Root
t-j-r
9 terms

Etymology

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FromArabicطَارَ(ṭāra).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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tar (imperfectjtir,verbal nountajran)

  1. tofly
    • 1970,Anton Buttigieg, “Fil-Ġnien”, inFl-Arena:
      Ta’ ferħ u serħ imlietni, u bħall-għasafar
      u l-friefet jien għamilt: minn fjur għal fjur
      ħsiebitar bħal farfett, taħt siġra kbira
      qalbi fesdqet il-għana bħal għasfur.
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
  2. to bequick

Conjugation

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Conjugation oftar
positive forms
singularplural
1st person2nd person3rd person1st person2nd person3rd person
perfectmtirttirttartirnatirtutaru
ftaret
imperfectmntirttirjtirntiruttirujtiru
fttir
imperativetirtiru

Manx

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Etymology

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FromOld Irishdo·icc.

Verb

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tar (verbal nounçheet,simple pasthaink,futurehig,conditionalharragh)

  1. tocome
    Haink ee eretlan.
    Shecame by plane.

Conjugation

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Conjugation oftar
firstanalytical
singularplural
futureindependenthigymhigmaydhig
dependentjigymjigmaydjig
relative(no future relative form)
conditionalindependentharrinharragh
dependentdarrindarragh
pasthaink
verbal nounçheet
past participle(no past participle form)

Derived terms

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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tar

  1. Alternative form oftare(“vetch”)

Etymology 2

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Determiner

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tar

  1. (chiefly Northern dialectal)Alternative form ofþeir

Norwegian Bokmål

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Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Verb

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tar

  1. present ofta

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Verb

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tar

  1. present ofta

Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Celtic*taras, fromProto-Indo-European*tr̥h₂és, from the root*terh₂-(“to cross”).[1]

The voiced variantdar is the original one, since*t in proclitics regularly becamed in Old Irish.Tar with a voiceless initial consonant is analogical after its conjugated forms.[2]

Preposition

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tar (with accusative)

  1. over,across

Inflection

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Inflection oftar
Person:normalemphatic
singularfirstthorom,thorumthoromsa,thorumsa
secondtoruttorutsu
third
m orn		dative
accusativetarais
third
f		dative
accusativetairse
pluralfirsttorunn+torunni
secondtoraib
thirddative
accusativetairsiu

Forms combined with the definite article:

Forms combined with a possessive determiner:

Forms combined with a possessive pronoun:

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  1. ^Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*taras”, inEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden:Brill,→ISBN,page370
  2. ^McCone, Kim (1981) “Final /t/ to /d/ after Unstressed Vowels, and an Old Irish Sound Law”, inÉriu‎[1], volume32, Royal Irish Academy,→ISSN,→JSTOR, retrievedNovember 25, 2022, pages29–44

Further reading

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Pali

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Etymology

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Inherited fromSanskritतॄ(tṝ).

Root

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tar (Pali nametara)

  1. tocross

Derived terms

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Verbs
Nouns
Adjectives

Polish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtar/
  • Rhymes:-ar
  • Syllabification:tar

Noun

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tar f

  1. genitiveplural oftara

Portuguese

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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tar

  1. (Portugal)Nonstandard spelling ofestar.
    • 1983, Manuel da Costa Fontes,Romanceiro da Ilha de São Jorge, Universidade de Coimbra, page 236:
      Eutou aqui nesta serra
      I’m here in this mountain chain

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromHungariantár.

Noun

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tar m (pluraltaruri)

  1. unit of measurement forweights

Declension

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Declension oftar
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativetartarultaruritarurii
genitive-dativetartaruluitaruritarurilor
vocativetaruletarurilor

Sumerian

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Romanization

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tar

  1. Romanization of𒋻(tar)

Swedish

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Verb

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tar

  1. presentindicative ofta

Anagrams

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Yola

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishtar, fromOld Englishteoru, fromProto-West Germanic*teru.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tar

  1. tar
    • 1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, inTHE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page132, line10:
      Aal haar, an wi eyen lik torches otar?"
      "All hair, and with eyes like torches oftar,"

References

[edit]
  • Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, inJournal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series)‎[3], volume17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page132
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