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tan

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "tan"
Languages (38)
Translingual • English
Ainu • Breton • Catalan • Chuukese • Cornish • French • Fula • Galician • Haitian Creole • Hungarian • Iban • Japanese • Javanese • Jingpho • Mandarin • Middle Irish • Old English • Old French • Old Irish • Old Javanese • Old Occitan • Old Swedish • Pipil • Polish • Somali • Sora • Spanish • Sranan Tongo • Swedish • Turkish • Vietnamese • Welsh • Wolof • Yámana • Yogad • Zay
Page categories

Translingual

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Symbol

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tan

  1. (trigonometry) Thetrigonometric functiontangent.

Usage notes

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The symboltan is prescribed by the ISO 80000-2:2019 standard. The symboltg, traditionally preferred in Eastern Europe and Russia, is explicitly deprecated by ISO 80000-2:2019.

Alternative forms

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English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromFrenchtan(tanbark), fromGaulish*tannos(green oak) – compareBretontann(red oak),Old Cornishtannen –, fromProto-Celtic*tannos(green oak), of uncertain origin, but perhaps fromProto-Indo-European*(s)dʰonu(fir). Per this hypothesis, related toHittite[script needed](tanau,fir),Latinfemur, genitivefeminis(thigh),GermanTann(woods),Tanne(fir),Albanianthanë(cranberry bush),Ancient Greekθάμνος(thámnos,thicket),Avestan𐬚𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆(θanuuarə),Sanskritधनु(dhánu).

Noun

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tan (pluraltans)

  1. Alight, brown-likecolour.
    tan: 
  2. Adarkening of theskin resulting fromexposure tosunlight or similarlight sources.
    She still has atan from her vacation in Mexico.
    I'm hoping to get atan this weekend at the beach.
  3. Thebark of anoak or othertree from whichtannic acid is obtained.
    • 1848, John Hannett,Bibliopegia, or, The Art of Bookbinding in all its branches, page65:
      In two pints of water boil one ounce oftan, and a like portion of nutgall till reduced to a pint.
Derived terms
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Translations
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colour
darkening of the skin
bark of tree
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adjective

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tan (comparativetanner,superlativetannest)

  1. Yellowish-brown.
    Mine is the white car parked next to thetan pickup truck.
  2. Having darkskin as a result of exposure to thesun or an artificial process intended to mimic this effect.
    Synonyms:suntanned,tanned
    You’re looking verytan this week.
Derived terms
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Translations
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colour
dark skin

Etymology 2

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As a verb, fromMiddle Englishtannen, from lateOld Englishtannian(to tan a hide), fromLatintannare.

Verb

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tan (third-person singular simple presenttans,present participletanning,simple past and past participletanned)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) To change to a tan colour due to exposure to the sun.
    No matter how long I stay out in the sun, I nevertan, though I do burn.
  2. (transitive, stative) To change ananimalhide intoleather by soaking it intannic acid.[1] To work as a tanner.
  3. (transitive, informal) Tospank orbeat.
    • 1876,Mark Twain, chapter 3, inThe Adventures of Tom Sawyer:
      "Well, go 'long and play; but mind you get back some time in a week, or I'lltan you."
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Translations
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to become tan due to exposure to sun
to turn animal hide into leather
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
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Etymology 3

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From aBrythonic language; influenced in form byyan(one) in the same series.

Numeral

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tan

  1. (dialect, rare) The secondcardinal numbertwo, formerly used in Celtic areas, especially Cumbria and parts of Yorkshire, for counting sheep, and stitches in knitting.[2]

Etymology 4

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Borrowed fromArmenianթան(tʻan).

Noun

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tan

  1. AnArmenian drink made ofyoghurt and water similar toairan anddoogh
Translations
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Armenian drink

Etymology 5

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Borrowed fromCantonese (daam3).

Noun

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tan (usuallyuncountable,pluraltans)

  1. Synonym ofpicul,particularly in Cantonese contexts.

Etymology 6

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FromMiddle English*tan, fromOld Englishtān(twig, shoot, switch), fromProto-West Germanic*tain, fromProto-Germanic*tainaz(rod, twig, straw, lot).

Noun

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tan (pluraltans)

  1. (dialectal) Atwig or smallswitch.
Related terms
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Etymology 7

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It may either be a figurative use of the usual verbtan(to cause to acquire a brownish colour) or aJamaican Creole pronunciation ofturn, comparebun(to kill particularly by gunshot).

Verb

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tan (third-person singular simple presenttans,present participletanning,simple past and past participletanned)

  1. (transitive, MLE, slang) Tokill bygun, toshoot.
    • 2019 September 29, Moscow17, “All For The Cause”‎[1]:
      Step on the wing, see an opp and I'll whack it
      Do it like Super Savage
      Who's the yute I Jet-Li-rise that dots andtan him (whoosh)
      Rise that dots and tan him

References

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  1. ^SeeWikipedia article on Tanning.
  2. ^SeeWikipedia article on Yan Tan Tethera

See also

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Anagrams

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Ainu

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Fromta(this) +‎an(is), literallythis being.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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tan (Kana spellingタン,pluraltanokay)

  1. (demonstrative)this

Derived terms

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See also

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Ainu demonstrative adjectives
Ainu demonstrative adjectives[1]
pronounnumber
singularplural
thistan,taantanokay,taokay,taoka(Saru)
thatneyan,neya,nea(Saru)neyokay,nerok
that (distal)toantonokay,tookay,tooka(Saru)
Notes
  1. ^The noun form is formed by addingpe, for objects (ex.:tanpe, "this thing"), orkur, for persons (ex.:tan kur, "this person").

Breton

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Bretontan, fromOld Bretontan, fromProto-Brythonic*tan, fromProto-Celtic*teɸnets(fire) (compareOld Irishteine,Welshtân).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tan m (pluraltanioù)

  1. fire

Inflection

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The templateTemplate:br-noun-mutation does not use the parameter(s):
g=m
Please seeModule:checkparams for help with this warning.

Mutation oftan
unmutatedsoftaspiratehard
singulartandanzanunchanged
pluraltanioùdanioùzanioùunchanged

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tan

  1. so,such
  2. (in comparisons, tan ...com)as ... as

Derived terms

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Related terms

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  • tant(so much, so many)

Further reading

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Chuukese

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Noun

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tan

  1. dream

Cornish

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Cornishtan, fromOld Cornishtan, fromProto-Brythonic*tan, fromProto-Celtic*teɸnets(fire) (compareOld Irishteine,Welshtân).

Noun

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tan m (pluraltanow)

  1. fire

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutation oftan
unmutatedsoftaspiratehardmixedmixed after 'th
tandanthanunchangedunchangedunchanged

French

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromLatintannum(oak bark), fromGaulish*tannos(oak), fromProto-Celtic*tannos(green oak).

Noun

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tan m (pluraltans)

  1. pulpedoakbark used in thetanning process (i.e. of tanning leather)
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Blend ofton +‎ta.

Determiner

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tan n (singular,pluraltes)

  1. (gender-neutral, neologism)your
Related terms
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French possessive determiners
possessee
singularplural
mf
possessorsingular1stmon1mames
2ndton1tates
3rdson1sases
plural1stnotrenos
2ndvotre2vos2
3rdleurleurs
1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel ormute h.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.
For the singular persons there are gender-neutral neologismsman,tan,san. These are extremely rare.
See also
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Fula

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

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tan

  1. only

Usage notes

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Adverb

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tan

  1. only

Usage notes

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References

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  • M.O. Diodi,Dictionnaire bilingue fulfuldé-français, français-fulfuldé, Niger(?), 1994.
  • M. Niang,Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.
  • D. Osborn, D. Dwyer, and J. Donohoe,A Fulfulde (Maasina)-English-French Lexicon: A Root-Based Compilation Drawn from Extant Sources Followed by English-Fulfulde and French-Fulfulde Listings, East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1993.
  • F.W. de St. Croix and the Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages, Bayero University,Fulfulde-English Dictionary, Kano: The Centre, 1998.
  • F.W. Taylor,Fulani-English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 1932. (New York:Hippocrene Books, 2005)

Galician

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatintam.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tan

  1. so,as (in comparisons)

Usage notes

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  • Usually paired withcomo andcoma, astan [] como/coma

Haitian Creole

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Etymology

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FromFrenchtemps(time, weather).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tan

  1. time
  2. weather

Hungarian

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Etymology

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Back-formation fromtanít,tanul, etc. Created during theHungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tan (pluraltanok)

  1. doctrine,lore
  2. science of,theory,branch ofinstruction
  3. (as a suffix in compounds)-logy,-ology,-graphy(a branch of learning; a study of a particular subject)
    Synonym:tudomány
  4. (as a prefix in compounds)educational,academic
    Synonym:tanulmányi

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-o-, back harmony)
singularplural
nominativetantanok
accusativetanttanokat
dativetannaktanoknak
instrumentaltannaltanokkal
causal-finaltanérttanokért
translativetannátanokká
terminativetanigtanokig
essive-formaltankénttanokként
essive-modal
inessivetanbantanokban
superessivetanontanokon
adessivetannáltanoknál
illativetanbatanokba
sublativetanratanokra
allativetanhoztanokhoz
elativetanbóltanokból
delativetanróltanokról
ablativetantóltanoktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular
tanétanoké
non-attributive
possessive – plural
tanéitanokéi
Possessive forms oftan
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.tanomtanaim
2nd person sing.tanodtanaid
3rd person sing.tanatanai
1st person pluraltanunktanaink
2nd person pluraltanotoktanaitok
3rd person pluraltanuktanaik

Derived terms

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Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end

Further reading

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  • tan in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.

Iban

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Etymology

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FromProto-Malayic*tahən, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*taqan(to hold back).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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tan

  1. resistant(not easily damaged)
  2. perseverant
  3. undamaged
  4. invincible
  5. detained

Verb

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tan

  1. toarrest; todetain
  2. tohold on someone
  3. tostop something/someone

Derived terms

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Japanese

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Romanization

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tan

  1. Rōmaji transcription ofたん

Javanese

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Romanization

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tan

  1. Romanization ofꦠꦤ꧀

Jingpho

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromBurmeseတန်း(tan:).

Noun

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tan

  1. class

References

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  • Kurabe, Keita (2016 December 31) “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, inKyoto University Linguistic Research[2], volume35,→DOI,→ISSN, pages91–128

Mandarin

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Romanization

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tan

  1. Nonstandard spelling oftān.
  2. Nonstandard spelling oftán.
  3. Nonstandard spelling oftǎn.
  4. Nonstandard spelling oftàn.

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle Irish

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Etymology

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FromOld Irishtan, fromProto-Celtic*tanā((point in) time), fromProto-Indo-European*tn̥néh₂, from*ten-(to stretch).

Noun

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tan f

  1. (point in)time

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Old English

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Etymology

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FromProto-West Germanic*tain.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tān m

  1. twig,branch

Declension

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Stronga-stem:

singularplural
nominativetāntānas
accusativetāntānas
genitivetānestāna
dativetānetānum

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Old French

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Etymology

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FromGaulish*tannos (attested in the place namesTannetum andTannogilum), fromProto-Celtic*tannos(green oak).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tanoblique singularm (oblique pluraltans,nominative singulartans,nominative pluraltan)

  1. pulpedoakbark used in thetanning process (i.e. of tanning leather)

Old Irish

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Etymology

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FromProto-Celtic*tanā((point in) time), fromProto-Indo-European*tn̥néh₂, from*ten-(to stretch).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tan f

  1. (point in)time

Declension

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Feminine ā-stem
singulardualplural
nominativetanLtainLtanaH
vocativetanLtainLtanaH
accusativetainNtainLtanaH
genitivetaineHtanLtanN
dativetainLtanaibtanaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Old Javanese

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /tan/
  • Hyphenation:tan

Adverb

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tan

  1. not

Adjective

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tan

  1. not

Alternative forms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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  • "tan" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson,Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Old Occitan

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromLatintantus.

Adverb

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tan

  1. such; so much; to such an extent

Adjective

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tan

  1. such; so much

References

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Old Swedish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsetǫnn, fromProto-Germanic*tanþs.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tan f

  1. tooth

Declension

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Declension oftan (consonant stem)
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativetantannintændertændrina(r),-rena(r)
accusativetantannina,-enatændertændrina(r),-rena(r)
dativetan, tannetanninni,-innetannum,-omtannumin,-omen
genitivetanna(r)inna(r)tannatannanna

Descendants

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Pipil

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Etymology

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CompareClassical Nahuatltlantli(tooth, teeth).

Noun

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-tan (plural-tajtan)

  1. tooth
  2. (in theplural)dentition

Further reading

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  • Campbell, L. (1985).The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter.
  • Lara-Martínez, R., McCallister, R.Glosario cultural náwat pipil y nicarao.

Polish

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Etymology

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Back-formation fromtaniec.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tan inan

  1. (archaic, humorous, usually in theplural)dance
    Synonym:taniec

Declension

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Declension oftan
singularplural
nominativetantany
genitivetanutanów
dativetanowitanom
accusativetantany
instrumentaltanemtanami
locativetanietanach
vocativetanietany

Derived terms

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verbs

Related terms

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adjectives
nouns
verbs

Further reading

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  • tan inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • tan in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Somali

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Determiner

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tan

  1. this (feminine)

Sora

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Etymology

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FromProto-Austroasiatic*taːɲ. Cognate withSantaliteɲ,Khmerត្បាញ(tbaañ),Aremtaːɲ,Khasitʰaːɲ

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tan

  1. toweave

Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatintam.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtan/[ˈt̪ãn]
  • Rhymes:-an
  • Syllabification:tan

Adverb

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tan

  1. so,as
    Erestan ricocomo te sientes.
    You areas richas you feel.
  2. very
    Lo único en lo que puedo pensar es en tu caratan triste.
    All I can think about is yourvery sad face.

Usage notes

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Usually paired withcomo:tan[] como(as [] as) or withque:tan[] que(so [] that).

Determiner

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tan

  1. such, such a
    ¡Ese tipo estan patán!
    That guy issuch a jerk!

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Sranan Tongo

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Etymology

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FromEnglishstand.

Verb

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tan

  1. tostay, toreside
  2. to stay, toremain in a state

Swedish

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Verb

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tan

  1. (archaic or dialectal)second-personpluralimperative ofta

Turkish

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Etymology

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FromOttoman Turkishطاڭ(taŋ), fromProto-Common Turkic*taŋ.

Noun

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tan (definite accusativetanı,pluraltanlar)

  1. dawn,twilight
    O gecetan yeri ağırana kadar selâmettir.On that night, there is peace tilltwilight.

Declension

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Declension oftan
singularplural
nominativetantanlar
definite accusativetanıtanları
dativetanatanlara
locativetandatanlarda
ablativetandantanlardan
genitivetanıntanların
Possessive forms
nominative
singularplural
1st singulartanımtanlarım
2nd singulartanıntanların
3rd singulartanıtanları
1st pluraltanımıztanlarımız
2nd pluraltanınıztanlarınız
3rd pluraltanlarıtanları
definite accusative
singularplural
1st singulartanımıtanlarımı
2nd singulartanınıtanlarını
3rd singulartanınıtanlarını
1st pluraltanımızıtanlarımızı
2nd pluraltanınızıtanlarınızı
3rd pluraltanlarınıtanlarını
dative
singularplural
1st singulartanımatanlarıma
2nd singulartanınatanlarına
3rd singulartanınatanlarına
1st pluraltanımızatanlarımıza
2nd pluraltanınızatanlarınıza
3rd pluraltanlarınatanlarına
locative
singularplural
1st singulartanımdatanlarımda
2nd singulartanındatanlarında
3rd singulartanındatanlarında
1st pluraltanımızdatanlarımızda
2nd pluraltanınızdatanlarınızda
3rd pluraltanlarındatanlarında
ablative
singularplural
1st singulartanımdantanlarımdan
2nd singulartanındantanlarından
3rd singulartanındantanlarından
1st pluraltanımızdantanlarımızdan
2nd pluraltanınızdantanlarınızdan
3rd pluraltanlarındantanlarından
genitive
singularplural
1st singulartanımıntanlarımın
2nd singulartanınıntanlarının
3rd singulartanınıntanlarının
1st pluraltanımızıntanlarımızın
2nd pluraltanınızıntanlarınızın
3rd pluraltanlarınıntanlarının

Synonyms

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Vietnamese

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Etymology

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Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading ofChinese(SV:tán,tản).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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tan (,,,)

  1. tomelt
  2. (in a liquid) todissolve,dissipate
  3. (in certain expressions) tofinish; todismiss
    Chợtan họp rồi.
    The market is closed.

Derived terms

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References

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Welsh

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Welshtan, fromProto-Brythonic*tan, fromProto-Celtic*tanai, dative of*tanā, fromProto-Indo-European*tn̥néh₂.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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tan (triggerssoft mutation on a following noun)

  1. until
  2. (literary)under
  3. while

Usage notes

[edit]

In literary Welsh,tan can mean both "under" and "until". In Welsh usage today, however,dan (originally the soft mutation oftan) has become a preposition in its own right with the meaning "under" whereastan means "until", retaining the meaning "under" in certain expressions, compound words and place names. Moderndan ortan are not usually mutated.o dan is an alternative todan.

Inflection

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Personal forms (literary)
singularplural
first persontanoftanom
second persontanottanoch
third persontanom
tanif
tanynt

See also

[edit]

Mutation

[edit]
Mutated forms oftan
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
tandannhanthan

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

[edit]
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tan”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Wolof

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Noun

[edit]

tan (definite formtanmi)

  1. vulture

Yámana

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Noun

[edit]

tan

  1. earth,soil,dust,ground

Yogad

[edit]

Adverb

[edit]

tan

  1. more;-er

Zay

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Cognate toSilt'e[script needed](tan).

Noun

[edit]

tan

  1. smoke (from a fire)

References

[edit]
  • Initial SLLE Survey of the Zway Area by Klaus Wedekind and Charlotte Wedekind
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