Altered fromsi in the 19th century to prevent having two notes of the musical scale starting with the same letter, to becometi. vowel changed to 'a' to signify a flattened note.
E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “ta”, inAn Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London,→ISBN
Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015)L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[6], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
all the way(adds emphasis to the measurement of a physical or temporal distance; coupled withkimi(“until”),qədər(“until”),-dək(“until”) or-cən(“until”))
1 Forms in this column are placed after the verb or predicate they modify, and never used at the start of sentences. 2 Forms in this column are literary and rarely used colloquially. 3Ta is used overnako orko where the object is a second-person singular pronoun.
“ta”, in[EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation),2009
“ta”, in[ÕS]Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation),2018,→ISBN
1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel ormute h. 2 Also used as the polite singular form. For the singular persons there are gender-neutral neologismsman,tan,san. These are extremely rare.
As in Arabic, this verb hasditransitive construction. Thus for “I gave her the money” one saystajtha l-flus, rather than the perhaps expected*tajtilha l-flus.
Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Aasen, in his 1850 dictionary, lists it as a variant ofut-av.[1] As such, the origin of this word is not to dissimilar from that ofpå(“on”) from Old Norseupp á. Other variants includetå.
B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ta”, inSłownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków:IJP PAN,→ISBN
bāhuṃ sahassamabinimmitasāvudantaṅɡalīmekhalaṃ uditaɡolasasenamālaṃdānādidammāvidinā jitavā munindotantejasā bavatu te jayamaṅɡalāni With ambiguities resolved: bāhuṃ sahassamabhinimmitasāvudhantaṅɡarīmekhalaṃ uditaɡhorasasenamāraṃdānādidhammāvidhinā jitavā munindotantejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅɡalāni
The lord of the sages has subdued terrible Mara, who had created a thousand beweaponed arms, was accompanied by his army and was mounted on Girimekhala, by reason of giving and so forth. May you have the blessings of success by the powerof this.
Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “ta”, inPalula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[14], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives,→ISBN
Józef Bliziński (1860) “ta”, inAbecadłowy spis wyrazów języka ludowego w Kujawach i Galicyi Zachodniej (in Polish), Warszawa, page631
Oskar Kolberg (1867) “ta”, inDzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page277
Aleksander Saloni (1908) “ta”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, inMateryały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page342
Oskar Kolberg (1865) “ta”, inLud. Jego zwyczaje, sposób życia, mowa, podania, przysłowia, obrzędy, gusła, zabawy, pieśni, muzyka i tańce. Serya II. Sandomierskie (in Polish), page265
2008,Ekitabu Ekirukwera N'Ebitabu Ebyeetwa Deturokanoniko/Apokurifa [Bible in Runyoro/Rutooro Interconfessional Translation], Bible Society of Uganda,Luka10:26:
Yesu yamugarukamu ati: “Omu Biragiro kikahandiikwakita? Osomamuota?”
Jesus said to him, “What is written in the law?What do you understand from it?”
(literally,“Jesus answered: ‘How was it written in the laws?How do you read in it?’”)
Rementer, Jim with Pearson, Bruce L. (2005) “ta”, in Leneaux, Grant, Whritenour, Raymond, editors,The Lenape Talking Dictionary, The Lenape Language Preservation Project
Ta mang baotội lỗi, Nên thânta giờ đây, Kiếp sống không nhà không người thân. Ta mang bao tội lỗi, Người ơi,ta đâu còn chi ! Xin hãy tránh xa kiếp đỏ đen !
I'm so sinful, Now I have to live this life, No home, no loved ones. I'm so sinful, O humanity, I have nothing left! Please stay clear of the gambling life!
It might be a good idea to useta to translate the Englishgeneric you. Also compareFrenchon(“we/us; one; you”).
ta(“I;me”) is now only used especially in literary or translation works, to convey hostility between the characters, as alternatives (such astao) may sound awkward or too rough, especially if the age difference between characters is significant (one translation, such as that ofBeyblade, may usetao for conversations between children of about the same age, butta if there is such a difference, like asagonists). It is used in conjunction withmi(informal) orngươi(formal) for "you".
Seetau. This form reflects the local South Central shift of/aw/ > /aː/. Compare mainstreamnhau vs. South Centralnha(“each other”), mainstreammàu vs. South Centralmà(“colour”).
Although innovative, the historical nucleus thus shows affiliation with the North Central dialects (*oː > /aw/ > /aː/) instead of Northern-Southern*oː > /aːw/.
Despite nearly identical semantics, not related to etymology 1 above.
Ultimately frombynnag(“-ever”). Initially,bynnag began preceding rather than following the word it qualfied, for example,beth bynnag(“whatever”) becamebynnagbeth. The initialg ofbynnag wasvelarised to producegynnagbeth, whereupon the word was reanalysed as the phrasegannag, a southern colloquial form ofgannad, literally "since (that) not". The apparent inconsistency of negativenag being a part of a phrase with no negative connotations led its replacement with corresponding affirmativetaw(“that”), sogannagbeth becamegantawbeth. The initialgan was subsequently dropped and the pronunciation oftaw /tau̯/ reduced tota /ta/, as is customary, leading to such forms asta beth(“whatever”) today.[1]
^R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ta”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
^Diarmaid Ó Muirithe (1990) “A Modern Glossary of the Dialect of Forth and Bargy”, inlrish University Review[5], volume20, number 1, Edinburgh University Press, page161
^Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867,page71
uṣuta, kí uṣu òta, ọkọọkan ló gbéṣu àbá mi láti oko rẹ l'Éjìgbò ―If the yamgrows big or not, they must carry the yams of my father one by one from his farm in Ejigbo(family oríkì)
Most dialects have a different cognate form, see Yoruba Varieties and Languages chart below for cognates. Likely an innovation among the speakers of theỌ̀yọ́ dialect of Yoruba, in which the modern Yoruba koine was constructed from.
ta ni eṣinṣin kò bá gbè fún bí kò ṣe elégbò? ―who else would a fly have sided with other than the one with an open sore or ulcer?(proverb on partiality)
Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo.
