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sullen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishsoleyn, fromAnglo-Normansoleyn(“alone”), fromOld Frenchsole(“single, sole, alone”), fromLatinsōlus(“by oneself alone”). The change in meaning from "single" tomorose occurred in Middle English.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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sullen (comparativesullener,superlativesullenest)

  1. Having a brooding illtemper;sulky.
    Synonyms:sulky,morose,broody;see alsoThesaurus:sullen
    Antonyms:cheerful,content,lighthearted,pleased
    • 1593,William Shakespeare,Venus and Adonis:
      Still she entreats, and prettily entreats, / For to a pretty ear she tunes her tale; / Still is hesullen, still he lours and frets, / ‘Twixt crimson shame and anger ashy-pale;
    • 1709,Matthew Prior,Pleasure:
      Andsullen I forsook the imperfect feast.
    • 2007, Steven Wilson, "Normal", Porcupine Tree,Nil Recurring.
      Sullen and bored the kids stay / And in this way wish away each day
  2. Gloomy;dismal;foreboding.
    Synonyms:forlorn,melancholy;see alsoThesaurus:cheerless,Thesaurus:sad
    asullen atmosphere
  3. Sluggish;slow.
    Synonyms:ponderous,stately;see alsoThesaurus:slow
  4. (obsolete)Mischievous;malignant;unpropitious.
    Synonyms:malevolent,ominous;see alsoThesaurus:evil,Thesaurus:ominous
  5. (obsolete)Obstinate;intractable.
    Synonyms:inflexible,persistent;see alsoThesaurus:obstinate
    • a.1694,John Tillotson,Imprudence of Atheism:
      Things are assullen as we are, and will be what they are whatever we think of them.

Translations

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having a brooding ill temper
sulky—seesulky
dismal
sluggish

Noun

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sullen (pluralsullens)

  1. (archaic) One who issolitary, or lives alone; ahermit.
    Synonyms:loner,shut-in;see alsoThesaurus:recluse
    • c.1377,William Langland,Piers Plowman, lines7830–7835:
      He sit neither with seint Johan, / Symond ne Jude, / Ne with maydenes ne with martires, / Confessours ne wydewes; / But by hymself as asoleyn, / And served on erthe.
  2. (in theplural) Sullen feelings or manners;sulks;moroseness.
    Synonyms:glumps,mope

Verb

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sullen (third-person singular simple presentsullens,present participlesullening,simple past and past participlesullened)

  1. (obsolete) To make sullen.
    • c.1620,Owen Feltham, “XLVIII. Of Idleness.”, inResolves, Divine, Moral, and Political; republished asResolves, Divine, Moral, Political, London: Whittaker & Co,1840,page128:
      The idle man is like the dumb jack in a virginal: while all the other dance out a winning music, this, like a member out of joint,sullens the whole body, with an ill disturbing laziness.

Anagrams

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Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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FromOld Dutchsulan.

Verb

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sullen

  1. (auxiliary)must, tohave to
  2. (auxiliary, negated)may, beallowed to
  3. (auxiliary)will,shall, begoing to(future tense)
    • 1249,Schepenbrief van Bochoute,Velzeke, easternFlanders:
      Descepenen van bochouta quedden alle degene die dese lettren sienselen i(n) onsen here.
      The aldermen of Bochoute address all whowill see this letter by our lord.
  4. (auxiliary, in the past tense) to beabout to(inchoative)
  5. (modal auxiliary)indicates a possible or hypothetical situation
  6. (modal auxiliary)indicates information garnered from a third party that may or may not be reliable

Inflection

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This verb needs aninflection-table template.

Alternative forms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle English

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Verb

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sullen

  1. (South West Midland)alternative form ofsellen

Northern Sami

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Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Verb

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sūllen

  1. first-personsingularpastindicative ofsuollit
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