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strand

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Strandandštrand
Languages (11)
English
Afrikaans • Danish • Dutch • Hungarian • Icelandic • Middle English • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Swedish
Page categories

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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strand (pluralstrands)

  1. Theshore orbeach of the sea or ocean.
    GrandStrand
  2. (poetic, archaic or regional) The shore or beach of a lake or river.
  3. Asmallbrook orrivulet.
  4. (British dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) Apassage forwater;gutter.
  5. Astreet.
Alternative forms
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Translations
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beach

Verb

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strand (third-person singular simple presentstrands,present participlestranding,simple past and past participlestranded)

  1. (transitive, nautical) Torun aground; to beach.
  2. (transitive, figuratively) To leave (someone) in a difficult situation; toabandon ordesert.
  3. (transitive, baseball) To cause the third out of an inning to be made, leaving a runner on base.
    Jones pops up; that's going tostrand a pair.
  4. (transitive, grammar) To leave an element (e.g., anadposition) without itscomplementadjacent to it.
    • 1985, Joan Maling, Annie Zaenen, “Preposition-Stranding and Passive”, inNordic Journal of Linguistics, volume 8, number 2,→DOI, page199:
      We first note that wh-movement can freelystrand prepositions in Icelandic, as in the other Scandinavian languages.
    • 2021, Emily Manetta, “Verb-second and the verb-stranding verb phrase ellipsis debate”, inGlossa: a journal of general linguistics[1], volume 6, number 1,→DOI, page 6:
      In her dissertation, Goldberg (2005) offers a review of diagnostics used to identify verb-stranding VPE to that point, including tests which link the characteristics of English-style VPE (whichstrands an auxiliary verb) to verb-stranding VPE in languages like Hebrew and Irish.
Synonyms
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Translations
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to run aground
to leave someone in a difficult situation
(grammar) to leave an element without its object

Etymology 2

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Origin uncertain. Cognate withScotsstran,strawn,strand(strand). Perhaps the same asstrand("rivulet, stream, gutter"; see Etymology 1 above); or fromMiddle English*stran, fromOld Frenchestran(a rope, cord), fromMiddle High Germanstren,strene(skein, strand), fromOld High Germanstreno, fromProto-West Germanic*strenō, fromProto-Germanic*strinô(strip, strand), fromProto-Indo-European*strēy-,*ster-(strip, line, streak, ray, stripe, row); related toDutchstreng(skein, hank of thread, strand, string),GermanSträhne(skein, hank of thread, strand of hair). Compare alsoOld High Germanstranga(strand of hair), modernGermanStrang(strand, thread, cord).

Noun

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strand (pluralstrands)

  1. Each of the strings which, twisted together, make up ayarn,rope orcord.
  2. Astring.
  3. Anindividuallength of any fine,string-like substance.
    strand of spaghetti
    strand of hair
  4. (electronics) A group of wires, usually twisted or braided.
  5. (broadcasting) A series of programmes on a particulartheme or linked subject.
    • 2020, Nichola Dobson,Historical Dictionary of Animation and Cartoons, page45:
      By 1985, the children'sstrand had been renamed Children's BBC (CBBC by the mid-1990s), which continued to show animation among other programming in a dedicated time slot.
  6. (figurative) Anelement in a composite whole; a sequence of linked events or facts; alogicalthread.
    strand of truth
    • 2001, Bernard E. Harcourt, chapter 6, inIllusion of Order:
      The explanation draws equally from other contemporarystrands of political and social theory.
    • 2004, David Wray,Literacy: Major Themes in Education, Taylor & Francis,→ISBN, page78:
      She responds to both questions in writing and checks her answer on the fact question. Her suspicions confirmed about the importance of the two names, Miranda vows to pay close attention to thisstrand of the story as she continues to read.
    • 2024 August 21, 'Industry Insider', “The value of rail reopenings”, inRAIL, number1016, page68:
      The concept of a combined authority headed by an elected Mayor is a keystrand in current transport development, and is driving a new generation of projects such as bringing rail connectivity to Portishead and stations served by the Mid-Cornwall Metro.
  7. (genetics) A nucleotide chain.
  8. (Philippines, education)
    1. (formal) Aspecialization of asenior high schooltrack.
    2. (informal)Synonym oftrack.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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Note: many languages have particular words for “a strand of <substance>” that are different for each substance. The translations below refer to strands in general. You might find a more appropriate translation under the word for the substance itself.

each of strings that make up yarn, rope or cord
string
individual length of string-like substance
electronics: group of wires, usually twisted or braided
broadcasting:series of programmes on a particular theme
figuratively: element in a composite whole; sequence of linked events or facts; a logical thread
genetics: nucleotide chain

Verb

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strand (third-person singular simple presentstrands,present participlestranding,simple past and past participlestranded)

  1. (transitive) To break a strand of (a rope).
  2. (transitive) To form by uniting strands.
Translations
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to form by uniting strands

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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FromDutchstrand, fromMiddle Dutchstrant.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand (pluralstrande,diminutivestrandjie)

  1. beach

Danish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsestrǫnd.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /stran/,[sd̥ʁɑnˀ]

Noun

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strand c (singular definitestranden,plural indefinitestrande)

  1. beach
  2. shore,seashore
  3. seaside

Inflection

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Declension ofstrand
common
gender
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativestrandstrandenstrandestrandene
genitivestrandsstrandensstrandesstrandenes

Derived terms

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Verb

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strand

  1. imperative ofstrande

References

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Dutchstrant.Thisetymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

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strand n (pluralstranden,diminutivestrandje n)

  1. beach,strand
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

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strand

  1. inflection ofstranden:
    1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. (in case ofinversion)second-personsingularpresentindicative
    3. imperative

Hungarian

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Etymology

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FromGermanStrand.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand (pluralstrandok)

  1. beach(a sandy shore of a body of water used for summertime leisure, swimming, suntanning)
  2. pool,swimming pool(an urban open-air facility with lawns, trees and several artificially constructed pools, used for summertime leisure)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-o-, back harmony)
singularplural
nominativestrandstrandok
accusativestrandotstrandokat
dativestrandnakstrandoknak
instrumentalstranddalstrandokkal
causal-finalstrandértstrandokért
translativestranddástrandokká
terminativestrandigstrandokig
essive-formalstrandkéntstrandokként
essive-modal
inessivestrandbanstrandokban
superessivestrandonstrandokon
adessivestrandnálstrandoknál
illativestrandbastrandokba
sublativestrandrastrandokra
allativestrandhozstrandokhoz
elativestrandbólstrandokból
delativestrandrólstrandokról
ablativestrandtólstrandoktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular
strandéstrandoké
non-attributive
possessive – plural
strandéistrandokéi
Possessive forms ofstrand
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.strandomstrandjaim
2nd person sing.strandodstrandjaid
3rd person sing.strandjastrandjai
1st person pluralstrandunkstrandjaink
2nd person pluralstrandotokstrandjaitok
3rd person pluralstrandjukstrandjaik

Derived terms

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(Compound words):

References

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  1. ^Tótfalusi, István.Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005.→ISBN

Further reading

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  • strand in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.

Icelandic

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Etymology

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Deverbal fromstranda(to run aground).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand n (genitive singularstrands,nominative pluralströnd)

  1. running aground,stranding

Declension

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Declension ofstrand (neuter)
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativestrandstrandiðströndströndin
accusativestrandstrandiðströndströndin
dativestrandistrandinuströndumströndunum
genitivestrandsstrandsinsstrandastrandanna

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Englishstrand, fromProto-Germanic*strandō.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /strand/,/strɔːnd/

Noun

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strand (pluralstrandes)

  1. (chiefly Northern)beach,shoreline

Descendants

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References

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Norwegian Bokmål

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NorwegianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediano

Etymology 1

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FromOld Norsestrǫnd.

Noun

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strand f orm (definite singularstrandaorstranden,indefinite pluralstrender,definite pluralstrendene)

  1. abeach orshore
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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strand

  1. imperative ofstrande

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian NynorskWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediann

Etymology

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FromOld Norsestrǫnd. Akin toEnglishstrand.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /strɑnd/,/strɑnː/

Noun

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strand f (definite singularstranda,indefinite pluralstrender,definite pluralstrendene)

  1. abeach orshore

Declension

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Declension ofstrand (strong consonant-stem)
femininesingularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativestrandstrandastrender1strendene1
compound-genitive

1Plural with tonem 1, stemming from older one-syllable forms.

Landsmål declension ofstrand (strong consonant-stem)
femininesingularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativestrandstrandistrender1strenderna1
dative(strandenne)strandom,strondom
compound-genitive

1Plural with tonem 1, stemming from older one-syllable forms.

Derived terms

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References

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Old English

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*strandō.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand n

  1. beach
  2. shore
    • c. 990,Wessex Gospels,"Gospel of Saint John", chapter 21, verse 4
      Witodlīce on ǣrne merġen sē Hǣlend stōd on þāmstrande; ne ġecnēowon þēah ðā leorningcnihtas þæt hit sē Hǣlend wæs.
      Certainly at early morning the Healer (Jesus) stood at theshore; Though the disciples did not recognise that it was the Healer (Jesus).

Declension

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Stronga-stem:

singularplural
nominativestrandstrand
accusativestrandstrand
genitivestrandesstranda
dativestrandestrandum

Descendants

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Swedish

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Etymology

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FromOld Swedishstrand, fromOld Norsestrǫnd, fromProto-Germanic*strandō, fromProto-Indo-European*(s)trAnt-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strand c

  1. beach (not necessarily sandy)
    ligga och sola påstranden
    [lie and] sunbathe onthe beach
  2. shore
    • 1891, “Betlehems stjärna (Gläns över sjö ochstrand) [Star of Betlehem (Shine over sea [most likely in this context, though unusual – seesjö(lake; sea)] andshore[Maybe to be understood as "land and sea/water"])]”,Viktor Rydberg (lyrics),Alice Tegnér (music)‎[2]:
      Gläns över sjö ochstrand, stjärna ur fjärran. Du som i Österland tändes av Herran.
      Shine over sea andshore, star from [out of] afar. You who in the East ["East-land" – the Orient] were lit by the Lord.

Usage notes

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More strongly associated with beaches compared to Englishshore, but works as a general word forshore when context is provided. Swedish often prefers phrases withland(land) instead, for example "Vi seglade mot land" (We sailed toward the shore) and "in mot land" (into shore – "in toward land"). See also for examplei land(ashore).

Declension

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Declension ofstrand
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitestrandstrands
definitestrandenstrandens
pluralindefinitestränderstränders
definitesträndernasträndernas

Related terms

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References

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