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stop

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Stop,stóp,stôp,andstɔ́p
Languages (18)
Translingual • English
Czech • Danish • Dutch • Finnish • French • Hungarian • Indonesian • Irish • Italian • Latvian • Old English • Polish • Portuguese • Romanian • Spanish • Swedish
Page categories

Translingual

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishfull stop.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stop

  1. (international standards)ITU &IMOradiotelephony clear code (spelling-alphabet name) forfull stop /period.

Coordinate terms

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English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishstoppen,stoppien, fromOld Englishstoppian(“to stop, close”), fromProto-West Germanic*stoppōn, fromProto-Germanic*stuppōną(“to stop, close”),*stuppijaną(“to push, pierce, prick”), fromProto-Indo-European*(s)tewp-,*(s)tewb-(“to push; stick”), from*(s)tew-(“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”).

Cognate withSaterland Frisianstopje(“to stop, block”),West Frisianstopje(“to stop”),Dutchstoppen(“to stop”),Low Germanstoppen(“to stop”),Germanstopfen(“to be filling, stuff”),Germanstoppen(“to stop”),Danishstoppe(“to stop”),Swedishstoppa(“to stop”),Icelandicstoppa(“to stop”),Middle High Germanstupfen,stüpfen(“to pierce”). More atstuff,stump.

Alternative etymology derives Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn from an assumedVulgar Latin*stūpāre,*stuppāre(“to stop up with tow”), fromstūpa,stīpa,stuppa(“tow, flax, oakum”), fromAncient Greekστύπη(stúpē),στύππη(stúppē,“tow, flax, oakum”). This derivation, however, is doubtful, as the earliest instances of the Germanic verb do not carry the meaning of "stuff, stop with tow". Rather, these senses developed later in response to influence from similar sounding words in Latin and Romance.[1]

Verb

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stop (third-person singular simple presentstops,present participlestopping,simple past and past participlestopped)

  2. (intransitive) Tocease moving.
    Istopped at the traffic lights.
  3. (intransitive) Not tocontinue.
    The riotsstopped when police moved in.
    Soon the rain willstop.
    • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      Then everybody once more knelt, and soon the blessing was pronounced. The choir and the clergy trooped out slowly,[…], down the nave to the western door.[…] At a seemingly immense distance the surpliced groupstopped to say the last prayer.
  4. (transitive) To cause (something) to cease moving orprogressing.
    The sight of the armed menstopped him in his tracks.
    This guy is a fraudster. I need tostop the cheque I wrote him.
    • 2013 June 1, “Ideas coming down the track”, inThe Economist, volume407, number8838, page 13 (Technology Quarterly):
      A “moving platform” scheme[…]is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails.[…]This set-up solves several problems […].Stopping high-speed trains wastes energy and time, so why not simply slow them down enough for a moving platform to pull alongside?
  5. (transitive) Tocease; to no longer continue.
    Antonym:keep
    One of the wrestlers suddenlystopped fighting.
  6. (transitive) To cause (something) tocome to an end.
    The refereesstopped the fight.
  7. (causative, transitive) Tointerrupt,prevent or end the activity of someone or something. [withdirect object,along withgerund(chiefly UK)ordirect object,along withfrom,along withgerund(chiefly US)]
    Don't let mestop you working.
    • 1988, Jeanne Willis, Tony Ross,Dr Xargle's Book of Earthlets:
      When they have finished the milk they must be patted and squeezed tostop them exploding.
  8. (transitive) Toclose orblock anopening.
    Hestopped the wound with gauze.
    Rotten leaves and branches havestopped the gutter.
    I've had the cracks in the wallstopped with mortar by the builders.
  9. (transitive, intransitive, photography, often with "up" or "down") Toadjust theaperture of acameralens.
    To achieve maximum depth of field, hestopped down to an f-stop of 22.
  10. (intransitive) Tostay; to spend a shorttime; to reside ortarry temporarily.
    tostop with a friend
    Hestopped for two weeks at the inn.
    Hestopped at his friend's house before continuing with his drive.
    • 1887,R. D. Blackmore,Springhaven:
      bystopping at home till the money was gone
    • 1931,E. F. Benson, chapter 7, inMapp & Lucia‎[1]:
      She’s not going away.She’s going tostop here forever.
  11. (music) To regulate the sounds of (musical strings, etc.) by pressing them against thefingerboard with the finger, or otherwise shortening the vibrating part.
  12. (obsolete) Topunctuate.
  13. (nautical) To makefast; tostopper.
  14. (phonetics, transitive) To pronounce (a phoneme) as a stop.
  15. (finance, transitive) Todelay the purchase or sale of (astock) while agreeing theprice for later.
    • 1952, Charles Amos Dice, Wilford John Eiteman,The Stock Market, page144:
      It will be noted that the specialist would have refused tostop the stock for broker X if he (the specialist) had only one order to sell at 85.
Usage notes
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  • This is acatenative verb that takes thegerund-ing to indicate the ending action (stop thinking), or theto infinitive to indicate the purpose of the interruption (stop to think). SeeAppendix:English catenative verbs for more information.
  • When used causatively, the verb can either be followed directly by its dependent clause (for example,to stop them exploding) or take a helper word, usuallyfrom, before the clause (to stop them from exploding). The former usage is more common in Britain, and the latter usage more common in America.
Conjugation
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Conjugation ofstop
infinitive(to)stop
present tensepast tense
1st-personsingularstopstopped
2nd-personsingularstop,stoppest†stopped,stoppedst†
3rd-personsingularstops,stoppeth†stopped
pluralstop
subjunctivestopstopped
imperativestop—
participlesstoppingstopped
Alternative forms
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Synonyms
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Antonyms
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Hyponyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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to cease moving
not to continue—see alsocease,‎desist
to cause to cease moving
to cease; to no longer continue (doing something)—see alsocease
to cause to come to an end
to close an opening
photography: to adjust the aperture
to stay a while
to tarry
music: to regulate the sounds by shortening the vibrating part
to punctuate—seepunctuate
nautical: to make fast—seestopper
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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stop (pluralstops)

  2. A (usually marked)place wherebuses,trams ortrainshalt to letpassengers get on and off, usually smaller than astation.
    Related terms:halt,station.
    They agreed to meet at the busstop.
  4. An action of stopping;interruption of travel.
    Thatstop was not planned.
  5. That which stops, impedes, or obstructs; anobstacle; animpediment.
    • 1595,Samuel Daniel, “(please specify the folio number)”, inThe First Fowre Bookes of the Ciuile Wars between the Two Houses of Lancaster and Yorke, London: […] P[eter] Short for Simon Waterson,→OCLC:
      A fatalstop trauerst their headlong course
    • a.1729,John Rogers,The Advantages of conversing with good Men:
      So melancholy a prospect should inspire us with zeal to oppose somestop to the rising torrent.
  6. Adevice intended toblock the path of a moving object
    doorstop
    1. (engineering) A device, or piece, as a pin, block, pawl, etc., for arresting or limiting motion, or for determining the position to which another part shall be brought.
    2. (architecture) A member, plain or moulded, formed of a separate piece and fixed to a jamb, against which a door or window shuts.
  7. (linguistics) Aconsonantsound in which thepassage ofair istemporarily blocked by thelips,tongue, orglottis.
    Synonyms:plosive,occlusive
  8. A symbol used for purposes of punctuation and representing a pause or separating clauses, particularly afull stop,comma,colon orsemicolon.
  9. (music) Aknob orpin used to regulate the flow of air in anorgan.
    The organ is loudest when all thestops are pulled.
  10. (music) One of the vent-holes in awind instrument, or the place on the wire of astringed instrument, by the stopping or pressing of which certain notes are produced.
  11. (tennis) A veryshortshot which touches the ground close behind thenet and is intended to bounce as little as possible.
  12. (soccer) Asave; preventing the opposition from scoring a goal
    • 2021 May 15, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 0-1 Leicester”, inBBC Sport‎[2]:
      The Foxes were indebted to two crucial saves from keeper Kasper Schmeichel, who turned former Leicester defender Ben Chilwell's header on to a post then produced an even betterstop to turn Mason Mount's powerful shot wide.
  13. (zoology) Thedepression in a dog’s face between the skull and the nasal bones.
    Thestop in a bulldog's face is very marked.
  14. A marking on a rabbit's hind foot.
    The American Rabbit Breeders Association holds that thestops of aDutch rabbit should be white from the toes to one third of the way along the foot.
  15. (photography) A part of aphotographic system that reduces the amount oflight.
  16. (photography) A unit ofexposure corresponding to a doubling of thebrightness of an image.
  17. (photography) Anf-stop.
  18. Thediaphragm used in optical instruments to cut off the marginal portions of a beam of light passing through lenses.
  19. (fencing) Acoup d'arret, orstop thrust.
  20. (UK, grammar, informal)Ellipsis offull stop.
Derived terms
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Translations
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place to get on and off mass transport
interruption of travel
that which stops, impedes, or obstructs
device to block a moving object
engineering: device for arresting or limiting motion
architecture: member against which a door or window shuts
consonant sound—seeplosive
punctuation symbol
button to activate the stop function
music: knob or pin to regulate the flow of air in an organ
tennis: very short shot
zoology: depression in a dog’s face
photography:f-stop—seef-stop
diaphragm in optical instruments
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
References
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  1. ^The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, "stop".

Punctuation mark

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stop

  1. Used to indicate theend of asentence in atelegram.
Translations
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telegrams: end of sentence indicator

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishstoppe, fromOld Englishstoppa(“bucket, pail, a stop”), fromProto-Germanic*stuppô(“vat, vessel”), fromProto-Indo-European*(s)teub-(“to push, hit; stick, stump”). Seestoup.

Cognates

Cognate withNorwegianstopp,stoppa(“deep well, recess”),Middle High Germanstubech,stübich(“barrel, vat, unit of measure”) (GermanStübchen). Related also toMiddle Low Germanstōp(“beaker, flask”),Middle High Germanstouf(“beaker, flask”),Norwegianstaupa(“goblet”),Icelandicstaupa(“shot-glass”),Old Englishstēap(“a stoup, beaker, drinking vessel, cup, flagon”). Cognate toAlbanianshtambë(“amphora, bucket”).

Noun

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stop (pluralstops)

  1. (UK dialectal) A small well-bucket; a milk-pail.
Translations
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small bucket

Etymology 3

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Froms- +‎top.

Noun

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stop (pluralstops)

  1. (physics) Thesquark that is thesuperpartner of atopquark.
    • 2016, ATLAS Collaboration, “Search for pair production of gluinos decaying via stop and sbottom in events withb{\displaystyle b}-jets and large missing transverse momentum inpp{\displaystyle pp} collisions ats=13{\displaystyle {\sqrt {s}}=13} TeV with the ATLAS detector”, inarXiv‎[3]:
      For neutralino masses below approximately 700 GeV, gluino masses of less than 1.78 TeV and 1.76 TeV are excluded at the 95% CL in simplified models of the pair production of gluinos decaying via sbottom andstop, respectively.

Anagrams

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Czech

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromEnglishstop.

Noun

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stop m inan

  1. hitchhiking
    Synonym:autostop
  2. (sports)suspension
    Za hrubý faul dostal stop na čtyři zápasy. ―He received a four-match suspension for a serious foul.
Declension
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Declension ofstop (hard masculine inanimate)
singularplural
nominativestopstopy
genitivestopustopů
dativestopustopům
accusativestopstopy
vocativestopestopy
locativestopě,stopustopech
instrumentalstopemstopy
Related terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Noun

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stop

  1. genitiveplural ofstopa

Verb

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stop

  1. second-personsingularimperative ofstopit

Further reading

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Danish

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Verb

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stop

  1. imperative ofstoppe

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Dutchstoppe. See the verbstoppen.

Noun

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stop m (pluralstoppen,diminutivestopje n)

  1. an action of stopping,cessation
  2. aplug for asink, astopper
  3. an electricfuse
    Synonyms:smeltstop,zekering
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

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stop

  1. inflection ofstoppen:
    1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. (in case ofinversion)second-personsingularpresentindicative
    3. imperative

Anagrams

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Finnish

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Etymology

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FromEnglishstop.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈstop/,[ˈs̠to̞p]
  • Rhymes:-op
  • Syllabification(key):stop
  • Hyphenation(key):stop

Interjection

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stop

  1. (informal)stop(halt)
    Synonym:seis
  2. stop(end-of-sentence indicator in telegrams)

Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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1792. Borrowed fromEnglishstop.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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stop!

  1. stop!

Noun

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stop m (uncountable)

  1. stop sign
  2. hitchhiking

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Hungarian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstop.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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stop

  1. halt!stop!

Punctuation mark

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stop

  1. stop(used to indicate theend of asentence in atelegram)

Noun

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stop (pluralstopok)

  1. (colloquial)stop sign(a red sign on the side of a street instructing vehicles to stop)
    Nem állt meg astopnál. ―He ran the stop sign.
  2. (colloquial)hitchhike(an act ofhitchhiking, trying to get a ride in a passing vehicle while standing at the side of a road)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-o-, back harmony)
singularplural
nominativestopstopok
accusativestopotstopokat
dativestopnakstopoknak
instrumentalstoppalstopokkal
causal-finalstopértstopokért
translativestoppástopokká
terminativestopigstopokig
essive-formalstopkéntstopokként
essive-modal——
inessivestopbanstopokban
superessivestoponstopokon
adessivestopnálstopoknál
illativestopbastopokba
sublativestoprastopokra
allativestophozstopokhoz
elativestopbólstopokból
delativestoprólstopokról
ablativestoptólstopoktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular		stopéstopoké
non-attributive
possessive – plural		stopéistopokéi
Possessive forms ofstop
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.stopomstopjaim
2nd person sing.stopodstopjaid
3rd person sing.stopjastopjai
1st person pluralstopunkstopjaink
2nd person pluralstopotokstopjaitok
3rd person pluralstopjukstopjaik

Derived terms

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Indonesian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromDutchstop,Middle Dutchstoppe, fromMiddle Dutchstoppen, fromOld Dutch*stoppon, fromProto-West Germanic*stoppōn.Doublet ofsetop.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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stop

  1. tostop
    Synonyms:berhenti,terhenti

Affixed terms

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Further reading

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Irish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstop, fromMiddle Englishstoppen, fromOld Englishstoppian(“to stop, close”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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stop (present analyticstopann,future analyticstopfaidh,verbal nounstopadh,past participlestoptha)

  1. tostop

Conjugation

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conjugation ofstop (first conjugation – A)
verbal nounstopadh
past participlestoptha
tensesingularpluralrelativeautonomous
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicative
presentstopaimstopann tú;
stopair†		stopann sé, sístopaimidstopann sibhstopann siad;
stopaid†		astopann; astopasstoptar
paststop mé;stopasstop tú;stopaisstop sé, sístopamar;stop muidstop sibh;stopabhairstop siad;stopadarastop /
arstop*		stopadh
past habitualstopainnstoptástopadh sé, sístopaimis;stopadh muidstopadh sibhstopaidís;stopadh siadastopadh /
astopadh*		stoptaí
futurestopfaidh mé;
stopfad		stopfaidh tú;
stopfair†		stopfaidh sé, sístopfaimid;
stopfaidh muid		stopfaidh sibhstopfaidh siad;
stopfaid†		astopfaidh; astopfasstopfar
conditionalstopfainnstopfástopfadh sé, sístopfaimis;stopfadh muidstopfadh sibhstopfaidís;stopfadh siadastopfadh /
astopfadh*		stopfaí
subjunctive
presentgostopa mé;
gostopad†		gostopa tú;
gostopair†		gostopa sé, sígostopaimid;
gostopa muid		gostopa sibhgostopa siad;
gostopaid†		—gostoptar
pastdástopainndástoptádástopadh sé, sídástopaimis;
dástopadh muid		dástopadh sibhdástopaidís;
dástopadh siad		—dástoptaí
imperative
–stopaimstopstopadh sé, sístopaimisstopaigí;
stopaidh†		stopaidís—stoptar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form

Synonyms

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Noun

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stop m (genitive singularstop,nominative pluralstopanna)

  1. astop(place to get on and off line buses or trams; interruption of travel; device to block path)

Declension

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Declension ofstop (fourth declension)
forms with thedefinite article
singularplural
nominativeanstopnastopanna
genitiveanstopnastopanna
dativeleis anstop
donstop		leis nastopanna

Synonyms

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References

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  1. ^Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931),Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux,§ 312, page156
  2. ^Hamilton, John Noel (1974),A Phonetic Study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; vol. 3), Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University Belfast, page327

Further reading

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Italian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstop.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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stop

  1. stop!,halt!

Noun

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stop m

  1. stop (roadsign; bus stop etc.; block)

Anagrams

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Latvian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstop.

Interjection

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stop!

  1. stop!,halt!

Old English

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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stōp

  1. first/third-personsingularpreteriteindicative ofstæppan

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Deverbal fromstopić.

Noun

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stop m inan

  1. (chemistry) analloy; amixture ofmetals
    Synonyms:(archaic)aliaż,(obsolete)aligacja
    Mosiądz jeststopem miedzi i cynku. ―Brass is analloy of copper and zinc.
Declension
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Declension ofstop
singularplural
nominativestopstopy
genitivestopustopów
dativestopowistopom
accusativestopstopy
instrumentalstopemstopami
locativestopiestopach
vocativestopiestopy

Verb

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stop

  1. second-personsingularimperative ofstopić

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromEnglishstop.

Interjection

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stop

  1. cool your heels!,cool your jets!,hold your horses!,stop!,whoa!(slow down)
    Synonyms:hola,wolnego,z wolna
  2. stop!,whoa!(you should not have done/said that)
    Synonyms:hola,wolnego,z wolna

Noun

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stop m inan

  1. astop sign
    Jechał dalej, bo nie zauważyłstopu.
    He continued to drive because he hadn't noticed the stop sign.
  2. (colloquial) avehicle's brake light
    Uderzyłam w niego, bo nie zaświecił mu sięstop i nie wiedziałam, że ostro hamuje.
    I hit his car because his brake light didn't flash and I didn't know he was braking hard.
  3. (colloquial)hitchhiking
    Często podróżujęna stopa.
    I often hitchhike.

Related terms

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adjectives
nouns

Further reading

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  • stop inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • stop in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishstop.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stop m (pluralstops)

  1. stop(function or button that causes a device to stop operating)
  2. (uncountable) agame in which the playerswrite on paper oneword from each category (animal,fruit, etc.), allbeginning with the sameletter, asquickly as possible. In Spanish:tutti frutti
    Synonym:adedanha
  3. (stock market)stop loss order(order to close one’s position if the market drops to a specified price level)
  4. (Brazil, colloquial)stop;end(the act ofputting a stop to something)
    Precisamos dar umstop na nossa preguiça.
    We need to put anend to our laziness.
  5. (Portugal)stop sign
    Ia sendo atropelado, porque o condutor não parou nostop. ―I was almost run over because the driver did not stop at thestop sign.

Interjection

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stop!

  1. said by aplayer of the game ofstop to cease the currentturn, after which the playerscount how manywords they wrote

See also

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  • CEP(acronym of "cidade, estado, país", meaning "city, state, country", a category in the game of stop)

Further reading

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchstop, fromEnglishstop.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stop n (uncountable)

  1. stop

Declension

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singular onlyindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativestopstopul
genitive-dativestopstopului
vocativestopule

Spanish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishstop.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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stop

  1. stop

Usage notes

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According toRoyal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Further reading

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Swedish

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SwedishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediasv

Etymology

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FromOld Norsestaup(“small glass for liquor”).

Noun

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stop n

  1. abeermug, astein
  2. astoup
  3. (chiefly historical) aunit ofvolume equal to approximately 1.3liters

Declension

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Declension ofstop
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitestopstops
definitestopetstopets
pluralindefinitestopstops
definitestopenstopens

See also

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References

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Anagrams

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