Inherited fromMiddle Englishsynger,syngere,singere,singare, equivalent tosing +-er. Cognate withScotssingar,Saterland FrisianSjunger,West Frisiansjonger,German Low GermanSinger. Compare alsoOld Englishsangere,Dutchzanger,German Low GermanSänger,GermanSänger(“singer”),Danishsanger,Swedishsångare,Icelandicsöngvari.
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singer (pluralsingers)
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singer (pluralsingers)
In at least theape sense, fromsinge(“monkey”).
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singer
This is a regular-er verb, but the stem is writtensinge- before endings that begin with-a- or-o- (to indicate that the-g- is a "soft"/ʒ/ and not a "hard"/ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in-ger, such asneiger andmanger.
| infinitive | simple | singer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | singeant /sɛ̃.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | singé /sɛ̃.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | singe /sɛ̃ʒ/ | singes /sɛ̃ʒ/ | singe /sɛ̃ʒ/ | singeons /sɛ̃.ʒɔ̃/ | singez /sɛ̃.ʒe/ | singent /sɛ̃ʒ/ |
| imperfect | singeais /sɛ̃.ʒɛ/ | singeais /sɛ̃.ʒɛ/ | singeait /sɛ̃.ʒɛ/ | singions /sɛ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ | singiez /sɛ̃.ʒje/ | singeaient /sɛ̃.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | singeai /sɛ̃.ʒe/ | singeas /sɛ̃.ʒa/ | singea /sɛ̃.ʒa/ | singeâmes /sɛ̃.ʒam/ | singeâtes /sɛ̃.ʒat/ | singèrent /sɛ̃.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | singerai /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁe/ | singeras /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁa/ | singera /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁa/ | singerons /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | singerez /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁe/ | singeront /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | singerais /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | singerais /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | singerait /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | singerions /sɛ̃.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | singeriez /sɛ̃.ʒə.ʁje/ | singeraient /sɛ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | singe /sɛ̃ʒ/ | singes /sɛ̃ʒ/ | singe /sɛ̃ʒ/ | singions /sɛ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ | singiez /sɛ̃.ʒje/ | singent /sɛ̃ʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | singeasse /sɛ̃.ʒas/ | singeasses /sɛ̃.ʒas/ | singeât /sɛ̃.ʒa/ | singeassions /sɛ̃.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | singeassiez /sɛ̃.ʒa.sje/ | singeassent /sɛ̃.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | singe /sɛ̃ʒ/ | — | singeons /sɛ̃.ʒɔ̃/ | singez /sɛ̃.ʒe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
