Borrowed fromLatinsinus(“curve, bend; bosom”), a translation ofArabicجَيْب(jayb,“bosom”), a misidentification of the notationجيب(j-y-b), written withoutvowel diacritics, standing forArabicجِيبَ(jība,“sine”), in turn fromSanskritज्या(jyā,“sine, chord, bowstring”) through the similarSanskritजीव(jīva,“sine, chord, life, existence”).Doublet ofsinus.
| Audio(Southern England): | (file) |
| Audio(US): | (file) |
sine (pluralsines)
In various branches of mathematics, the sine of an angle is determined in various ways, including the following:
|
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal :sine Ordinal :sine ikinne | ||
sine (Kana spellingシネ)
Borrowed fromSpanishcine, from aclipping ofSpanishcinema, a reduction ofSpanishcinematógrafo, fromFrenchcinématographe.
síne
Borrowed fromSpanishcine, fromClipping ofSpanishcinema, a reduction ofSpanishcinematógrafo, fromFrenchcinématographe.
sine
sine
| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| common | neuter | plural | |||||
| Singular | First | – | jeg | mig | min | mit | mine |
| Second | modern /informal | du | dig | din | dit | dine | |
| formal (uncommon) | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
| Third | masculine (person) | han | ham | hans | |||
| feminine (person) | hun | hende | hendes | ||||
| common (noun) | den | dens | |||||
| neuter (noun) | det | dets | |||||
| indefinite | man | en | ens | ||||
| reflexive | – | sig | sin | sit | sine | ||
| Plural | First | modern | vi | os | vores | ||
| archaic /formal | vor | vort | vore | ||||
| Second | – | I | jer | jeres | |||
| Third | – | de | dem | deres | |||
| reflexive | – | sig | |||||
sine
| Inflection ofsine (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | sine | sineet | |
| genitive | sineen | sineiden sineitten | |
| partitive | sinettä | sineitä | |
| illative | sineeseen | sineisiin sineihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | sine | sineet | |
| accusative | nom. | sine | sineet |
| gen. | sineen | ||
| genitive | sineen | sineiden sineitten | |
| partitive | sinettä | sineitä | |
| inessive | sineessä | sineissä | |
| elative | sineestä | sineistä | |
| illative | sineeseen | sineisiin sineihin | |
| adessive | sineellä | sineillä | |
| ablative | sineeltä | sineiltä | |
| allative | sineelle | sineille | |
| essive | sineenä | sineinä | |
| translative | sineeksi | sineiksi | |
| abessive | sineettä | sineittä | |
| instructive | — | sinein | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
FromOld Irishsine,siniu, comparative form ofsen(“old”).[3]
sine
FromOld Irishsine(“teat, dug, pap”), fromProto-Celtic*sɸenyos, fromProto-Indo-European*pstḗn. Cognate withOld Norsespeni(“teat”),Englishspean(“teat (of a cow)”).[4]
sine f (genitive singularsine,nominative pluralsiní)
| |||||||||||||||
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| sine | shine afteran,tsine | not applicable |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
The function of this preposition was previously done with the use ofsē, sēd (seesē-,sed), fromProto-Indo-European*swé(“self”), thus meaning "by itself", "without". Some still refer thesi- insine to this root, others refer it toProto-Indo-European*só(“this”), whencesi(“if”). And as sometimesnesi was also written, with-ne beingnē(“not”),sine might literally mean "not this". Compare withnisi.
Yet others refersine toProto-Indo-European*sen(H)i(“for oneself, without”), itself possibly related to*swé or more likely a locative of*senH-.[1][2] Thus cognate withAncient Greekᾰ̓́νευ(ắneu),ἄτερ(áter,“without”),Sanskritसनुतर्(sanutar,“away, off”),Old Englishsundor; compare especiallyTocharian Bsnai andOld Irishsain(“separated, different”) (Proto-Celtic*sanis), which may reflect the original PIE adverb.
The ablative is from a PIE ablative of separation or a comitative-instrumental analogous tocum. Compare Sanskritविना(vinā).
sine (+ablative)
See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.
sine
sine
sine
sine
sine pl
| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| feminine | masculine | neuter | plural | |||||
| Singular | First | – | jeg | meg | mi | min | mitt | mine |
| Second | general | du | deg | di | din | ditt | dine | |
| formal (rare) | De | Dem | Deres | |||||
| Third | feminine (person) | hun | henne | hennes | ||||
| masculine (person) | han | ham /han | hans | |||||
| feminine (noun) | den | dens | ||||||
| masculine (noun) | ||||||||
| neuter (noun) | det | dets | ||||||
| reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine | ||
| Plural | First | – | vi | oss | vår | vårt | våre | |
| Second | general | dere | deres | |||||
| formal (very rare) | De | Dem | Deres | |||||
| Third | general | de | dem | deres | ||||
| reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine | ||
sine pl
sīne
sineoblique singular, m (oblique pluralsines,nominative singularsines,nominative pluralsine)
sineoblique singular, m (oblique pluralsines,nominative singularsines,nominative pluralsine)
FromProto-Celtic*sɸenyos, itself fromProto-Indo-European*pstḗn.
sine m
Usual declension:
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | sine | sineL | siniL |
| vocative | sini | sineL | siniu |
| accusative | sineN | sineL | siniuH |
| genitive | siniL | sineL | sineN |
| dative | siniuL | sinib | sinib |
A variant dental-stem declension can also be found.
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | sine | sinidL,sine | sinid |
| vocative | sine | sinidL,sine | sineda |
| accusative | sinidN | sinidL,sine | sineda |
| genitive | sined | sined | sinedN |
| dative | sinidL | sinedaib | sinedaib |
| radical | lenition | nasalization |
|---|---|---|
| sine | ṡine | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
| radical | lenition | nasalization |
|---|---|---|
| sine | phine,fine | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
sine
sine
Inherited fromLatinsē, as withmine,tine.
sine (stressedreflexive-accusative form ofel,ea,ei, andele)
FromOld Irishsine(“teat, dug, pap”), fromProto-Celtic*sɸenyos, fromProto-Indo-European*pstḗn. Cognate withOld Norsespeni(“teat”),Englishspean(“teat (of a cow)”).
sine f (genitive singularsine,pluralsinean)
sine f
FromOld Irishsine(“old age, seniority, antiquity”), fromsen(“old”).
sine f
See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.
sine
| radical | lenition |
|---|---|
| sine | shine after "an",t-sine |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
sine (Cyrillic spellingсине)
Borrowed fromSpanishcine, from aclipping ofcinema, a reduction ofcinematógrafo, fromFrenchcinématographe.
sine (Baybayin spellingᜐᜒᜈᜒ)
