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sin

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "sin"
Languages (67)
Translingual • English
Afar • Afrikaans • Aromanian • Asturian • Azerbaijani • Breton • Cebuano • Cornish • Danish • Esperanto • Fon • Franco-Provençal • Gun • Hausa • Hokkien • Hunsrik • Icelandic • Irish • Italian • Itsekiri • Iu Mien • Kabyle • Kankanaey • Ladino • Latin • Livonian • Menien • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Middle High German • Middle Irish • Middle Low German • Miskito • Navajo • North Frisian • Northern Sami • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Dutch • Old English • Old Frisian • Old High German • Old Irish • Old Norse • Old Saxon • Old Spanish • Old Swedish • Picard • Pichinglis • Romanian • Saterland Frisian • Scottish Gaelic • Serbo-Croatian • Slovene • Spanish • Swedish • Tashelhit • Tatar • Turkish • Uzbek • Vietnamese • Welsh • West Frisian • Yoruba • Zhuang
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Translingual

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Etymology 1

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Clipping ofLatinsinus.

Symbol

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sin

  1. (mathematics)Thetrigonometric functionsine.

Etymology 2

[edit]

Clipping ofEnglishSinhalese.

Symbol

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sin

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-2 &ISO 639-3language code forSinhalese.

See also

[edit]

English

[edit]
EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromMiddle Englishsinne,synne,sunne,zen, fromOld Englishsynn(sin), fromProto-West Germanic*sunnju, fromProto-Germanic*sunjō(truth, excuse) and*sundī,*sundijō(sin), fromProto-Indo-European*h₁s-ónt-ih₂, from*h₁sónts("being, true", implying a verdict of "truly guilty" against an accusation or charge), from*h₁es-(to be); compareOld Englishsōþ("true"; seesooth).Doublet ofsuttee.

Cognates

Cognate withSaterland FrisianSände,Säände(sin),West Frisiansûnde(sin),GermanSünde(sin),LuxembourgishSënd,Sënn(sin),Vilamovianzynd(sin)Yiddishזינד(zind,sin),Danish,Faroese,Icelandic,Norwegian Bokmål,Norwegian Nynorsk andSwedishsynd(sin),Gothic𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌰(sunja,truth),Latinsont-,sons(sinful, guilty, criminal).Doublet ofsuttee.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin (countable anduncountable,pluralsins)

  1. (theology) Aviolation of divine will orreligiouslaw.
    As a Christian, I think this is asin against God.
    • 1866,James Buchanan,Mr. Buchanan's Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion[3],New York:D. Appleton and Company,→OCLC,→OL,page 9:
      Slavery, according to them, was a grievoussin against God, and therefore no human Constitution could rightfully shield it from destruction. It was sinful to live in a political confederacy which tolerated slavery in any of the States composing it;[]
  2. Sinfulness,depravity,iniquity.
  3. Amisdeed orwrong.
    • 1963,Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, inThe China Governess: A Mystery, London:Chatto & Windus,→OCLC,page249:
      The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen.[]The second note, the high alarum, not so familiar and always important since it indicates the paramountsin in Man's private calendar, took most of them by surprise although they had been well prepared.
  4. A sin offering; a sacrifice for sin.
  5. Anembodiment of sin; a very wicked person.
  6. Aflaw ormistake.
    No movie is withoutsin.
  7. (sports)sin bin
    • 2023 October 28, Leighton Koopman, “YES!!! The Springboks beat the All Blacks to win another Rugby World Cup title”, inIndependent Online[4]:
      WingerCheslin Kolbe, sitting with his jersey over his head in thesin after a yellow card at the death, was probably the sight of millions of South Africans around the country who had their hearts in their mouth as they sat through another nail-biting match.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Terms derived fromsin (noun)
Translations
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Seesin/translations § Noun.

Verb

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sin (third-person singular simple presentsins,present participlesinning,simple past and past participlesinned)

  1. (intransitive, theology) To commit a sin.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Seesin/translations § Verb.

Etymology 2

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Modification ofshin.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin (pluralsins)

  1. A letter of theHebrew alphabet;שׂ
  2. A letter of theArabic alphabet;س

Etymology 3

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Noun

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sin (pluralsins)

  1. Alternative form ofsinh(tube skirt).

Anagrams

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Afar

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsin/ [ˈsɪn]
  • Hyphenation:sin

Pronoun

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sín (predicativesíini)

  1. ye,you

See also

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Afar personal pronouns
1st person2nd person3rd person
mf
subjectsingularanúatúúsukís
pluralnanúisínúsun
objectsingulartét
pluralsínkén

Determiner

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sín

  1. your (second person plural)

See also

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Afar possessive determiners
1st person2nd person3rd person
mf
personalsingularyikukaytet
pluralnisinken
reflexivesingularinníisí
pluralninníisinní,sinní

References

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  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “sin”, inAn Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London,→ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015),L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[5], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Afrikaans

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Etymology 1

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FromDutchzin, fromMiddle Dutchsin, fromOld Dutchsin, fromProto-West Germanic*sinn.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin (pluralsinne,diminutivesinnetjie)

  1. meaning,sense
  2. sentence
  3. sense(means of perceiving reality)
  4. sense,comprehension
  5. desire
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Particle

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sin

  1. misspelling ofs'n

Aromanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromLatinsinus. CompareRomaniansân,Spanishseno.

Noun

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sin n (pluralsinj)

  1. breast

See also

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Asturian

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Preposition

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sin

  1. alternative form ofensin

Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromArabicسِين(sīn).

Noun

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sin (definite accusativesini,pluralsinlər)

  1. the Arabic letterس

Declension

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Declension ofsin
singularplural
nominativesinsinlər
definite accusativesinisinləri
dativesinəsinlərə
locativesindəsinlərdə
ablativesindənsinlərdən
definite genitivesininsinlərin
Possessive forms ofsin
nominative
singularplural
mənim(my)sinimsinlərim
sənin(your)sininsinlərin
onun(his/her/its)sinisinləri
bizim(our)sinimizsinlərimiz
sizin(your)sininizsinləriniz
onların(their)sini orsinlərisinləri
accusative
singularplural
mənim(my)sinimisinlərimi
sənin(your)sininisinlərini
onun(his/her/its)sininisinlərini
bizim(our)sinimizisinlərimizi
sizin(your)sininizisinlərinizi
onların(their)sinini orsinlərinisinlərini
dative
singularplural
mənim(my)siniməsinlərimə
sənin(your)sininəsinlərinə
onun(his/her/its)sininəsinlərinə
bizim(our)sinimizəsinlərimizə
sizin(your)sininizəsinlərinizə
onların(their)sininə orsinlərinəsinlərinə
locative
singularplural
mənim(my)sinimdəsinlərimdə
sənin(your)sinindəsinlərində
onun(his/her/its)sinindəsinlərində
bizim(our)sinimizdəsinlərimizdə
sizin(your)sininizdəsinlərinizdə
onların(their)sinində orsinlərindəsinlərində
ablative
singularplural
mənim(my)sinimdənsinlərimdən
sənin(your)sinindənsinlərindən
onun(his/her/its)sinindənsinlərindən
bizim(our)sinimizdənsinlərimizdən
sizin(your)sininizdənsinlərinizdən
onların(their)sinindən orsinlərindənsinlərindən
genitive
singularplural
mənim(my)siniminsinlərimin
sənin(your)sinininsinlərinin
onun(his/her/its)sinininsinlərinin
bizim(our)sinimizinsinlərimizin
sizin(your)sininizinsinlərinizin
onların(their)sininin orsinlərininsinlərinin

Further reading

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  • sin” inObastan.com.

Breton

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Etymology

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FromLatinsignum.

Noun

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sin m

  1. sign

Cebuano

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Etymology

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FromSpanishzinc, fromGermanZink, related toZinke(point, prong), fromMiddle High Germanzinke, fromOld High Germanzinko(prong, tine), allied tozint(a jag, point), fromProto-Germanic*tindaz(prong, pinnacle), fromProto-Indo-European*h₃dónts(tooth, projection).

Noun

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sin

  1. zinc
  2. galvanized iron sheet

Cornish

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Brythonic*suɨɣn, fromLatinsignum. Cognate withWelshswyn.

Noun

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sin m (pluralsinyoworsinys)

  1. sign
    Synonyms:arwodh,tokyn
  2. mark
    Synonyms:merk,nos,stampa
  3. signal
    Synonyms:arwodh,sinell
  4. symptom
    Synonym:arwodh
Derived terms
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  • sina(sign, signal,verb)
  • sinans(signature)
  • sinell(signal)
  • sinya(indicate, signal,verb)

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromEnglishsine.

Noun

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sin m (pluralsinyow)

  1. (mathematics)sine
Derived terms
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Danish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsesínn.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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sin c (neutersit,pluralsine)

  1. (reflexive possessive) third-personsg pronoun, meaninghis/her/its (own)
    Han læstesin bogHe readhis (own) book
    Compare:Han læstehans bogHe readhis (somebody else's) book

See also

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Danish personal pronouns
NumberPersonTypeNominativeObliquePossessive
commonneuterplural
SingularFirstjegmigminmitmine
Secondmodern /informaldudigdinditdine
formal (uncommon)DeDemDeres
Thirdmasculine (person)hanhamhans
feminine (person)hunhendehendes
common (noun)dendens
neuter (noun)detdets
indefinitemanenens
reflexivesigsinsitsine
PluralFirstmodernviosvores
archaic /formalvorvortvore
SecondIjerjeres
Thirddedemderes
reflexivesig

Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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sin

  1. accusative ofsi

See also

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Esperanto personal pronouns
singularplural
nominativeaccusativepossessivenominativeaccusativepossessive
first person mi min mia ni nin nia
second
person
formal vi vin via vi vin via
familiar1 ci cin cia
third
person
masculine li lin lia
feminine ŝi ŝin ŝia
neuter ĝi ĝin ĝia
gender-neutral2 ri
ŝli
 rin
ŝlin
 ria
ŝlia
reflexive si sin sia si sin sia
indefinite oni onin onia oni onin onia

1 The second-person familiar pronouns are rare.

2 The proposed gender-neutral third-person singular pronounsri (rin,ria) andŝli (ŝlin,ŝlia) are not widely used.

3 The proposed third-person feminine plural pronouniŝi (iŝin,iŝia) is not widely used.

Fon

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Sìn ɔ́

Etymology

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Cognates includeGunsìn,Saxwe Gbeɛsìn,Adjaeshi,Eweesti

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sìn

  1. water

References

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  • Claire Lefebvre, Anne-Marie Brousseau,A Grammar of Fongbe (2002,→ISBN

Franco-Provençal

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromVulgar Latin*seum.Doublet ofson(possessive determiner).

Pronoun

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sin (feminine singularsina,masculine pluralsins,feminine pluralsines)(ORB, broad)

  1. his,her,its(third-person singular possessor)

See also

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Franco-Provençal personal pronouns
nominativeaccusativedativetonic1possessive2
singular1st personjomin
2nd persontetin
3rd personmasculineillo /leluisin
feminineellalyé
neuteroy
reflexive
plural1st personnosnoutro
2nd personvosvoutro
3rd personmasculineilslos /leslorlor
feminineelsleslor /lyés
reflexive

1 Disjunctive or object of a preposition.  2 Generally preceded by a definite article.

Gun

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Sìn lọ́

Etymology 1

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Cognates includeFonsìn,Saxwe Gbeɛsìn,Adjaeshi,Eweesti. Possibly cognate withNkonyantsu.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sìn (pluralsìn lɛ́orsìn lẹ́)

  1. water
    Synonym:òsìn

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Particle

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sín

  1. comes after a noun to indicate that this noun possesses that which follows, much like English's
    Gbẹ̀tọ́sín àfọ̀ / Gbɛ̀tɔ́sín àfɔ̀The human's foot

References

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  • Aspect and Modality in Kwa Languages (2006,→ISBN)

Hausa

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Etymology

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FromArabicسِين(sīn).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin f

  1. sin(letter of the Arabic alphabet)

Hokkien

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For pronunciation and definitions ofsin – see (“new;fresh;new;unused; etc.”).
(This term is thepe̍h-ōe-jī form of).

Hunsrik

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Alternative forms

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  • sinn(Altenhofen spelling)

Etymology

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FromMiddle High Germansein,sīn, fromOld High Germansīn(to be) (with some parts fromProto-Germanic*wesaną(to be) and*beuną(to be, exist, become)), fromProto-Indo-European*es-,*h₁es-(to be, exist).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsin/
  • Rhymes:-in
  • Syllabification:sin

Verb

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sin

  1. tobe
    Ichsin en Mann.
    Iam a man.
    Deerseid zu mied.
    Youare too tired.
    Sie denke, dass-se en Hexis.
    They think she's a witch.
    All, wo dartwaare, sin gestorreb.
    Everyone whowas there died.
  2. (auxiliary)forms theperfect tense of most intransitive verbs
    Ichsin fortgang.
    Iam gone.

Inflection

[edit]
Irregular with past tense, conditional and subjunctive mood
infinitivesin
participlegewees,geweest,geween
auxiliarysin
present
indicative
past
indicative
conditionalsubjunctiveimperative
ichsinwaarwäärsei
dubistwaarstwäärstseistsei
er/sie/esiswaarwäärsei
meersinwaarewääreseie
deerseidwaardwäärdseidseid
siesinwaarewääreseie

The present participle is uncommonly used,
but can be made with the suffix-end.

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Icelandic

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsesin.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin f (genitive singularsinar,nominative pluralsinar)

  1. sinew,tendon

Declension

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Declension ofsin (feminine)
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativesinsininsinarsinarnar
accusativesinsininasinarsinarnar
dativesinsininnisinumsinunum
genitivesinarsinarinnarsinasinanna

Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Irishsin, fromOld Irishsin.Doublet ofan(the).

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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sin

  1. (used with thedefinite article)that
    an buachaillsinthat boy

Pronoun

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sin

  1. that
    Sin é mo dheartháir.
    That is my brother.
    • (Can wedate this quote?), “Cad é sin don té sin [What is that to anyone]”‎[6]:
      Ó cad ésin don té sin nach mbaineannsin dó?
      Oh what isthat to him whomthat doesn't concern?

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms ofsin
radicallenitioneclipsis
sinshin
afteran,tsin
not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Italian

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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sin

  1. apocopic form ofsino

Itsekiri

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Etymology 1

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Cognates include Ìjẹ̀búYorubasẹ́n

Pronunciation

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Verb

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sín

  1. to belong

Etymology 2

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Cognates includeYorubasín,Olukumiṣín, OwéYorubahín, Ìjẹ̀búYorubasẹ́n,Ifèsɛ̃́

Pronunciation

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Verb

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sín

  1. tosneeze

Iu Mien

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Etymology

[edit]

FromChinese (MC syin).

Noun

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sin 

  1. body

Kabyle

[edit]
Kabyle cardinal numbers
 <  123  > 
   Cardinal :sin

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Berber*(ăs)sin, from earlier*səny, fromProto-Afroasiatic*čin(y). CompareProto-Semitic*ṯin- (whenceOld South Arabian𐩻𐩬𐩺(ṯny)),Egyptiansnwj.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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sin m (femininesnat)

  1. two

References

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  • Bellahsene, Linda; Hameg, Nadia (2009), “Kabyle numeral system”, inUniversité Paris 4, CNRS, editor,Numeral Systems of the World's Languages[7], Paris, France

Kankanaey

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Article

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sin

  1. oblique argument, specifically a commonnominaldefinite marker

See also

[edit]

References

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  • Janet L. Allen (2014),Kankanaey: A Role and Reference Grammar Analysis[8] (overall work in English),→ISBN, page128

Ladino

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Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Spanishsin, fromLatinsine.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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sin (Hebrew spellingסין)

  1. without

Antonyms

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Latin

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Etymology

[edit]

From +.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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sīn

  1. ifhowever, if on thecontrary,but if
    sinaliter/minus/secusotherwise, if not
    • Nonne si bene egeris, recipies :sin autem male, statim in foribus peccatum aderit?
      If thou do well, shalt thou not receive? butif ill, shall not sin forthwith be present at the door? (Genesis 4:7, God speaking to Cain)

References

[edit]
  • sin inEnrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025),Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication

Livonian

[edit]

Pronoun

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si’n

  1. genitive/dativesingular ofsinā

Menien

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Noun

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sin

  1. water

References

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  • Martius,Beiträge zur Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde Brasiliens, page 155

Middle Dutch

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Dutchsin, fromProto-West Germanic*sinn.

Noun

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sin m orf

  1. direction
  2. attention
  3. sense,intellect,reason
  4. feeling,emotion
  5. sense,perception
  6. meaning

Inflection

[edit]
Strong masculine noun
singularplural
nominativesinsinne
accusativesinsinne
genitivesinssinne
dativesinnesinnen
Strong feminine noun
singularplural
nominativesinsinne
accusativesinsinne
genitivesin,sinnesinne
dativesin,sinnesinnen


Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

[edit]

Conjunction

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sin

  1. alternative form ofsithen

Etymology 2

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

sin

  1. alternative form ofsynne

Middle High German

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE)/ˈs̠iːn/

Etymology 1

[edit]

Inherited fromOld High Germansīn, ultimately from Proto-Germanic*wesaną, derived from Proto-Indo-European*h₁ésti. Cognate withMiddle Low Germansīn.

Alternative forms

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

sīnorwësen (irregular,third-person singular presentist,past tensewas,past participlegewësen,past subjunctivewære,auxiliarysīn)

  1. tobe,become
Conjugation
[edit]
Conjugation ofsīn (irregular, auxiliarysīn)
infinitivesīn
wësen
genitive gerundsīnnes
sīnes
wësennes
wësenes
dative gerundsīnne
sīne
wësenne
wësene
present participlesīnde
wësende
past participlegewësen
auxiliarysīn
indicativesubjunctive
singularpluralsingularplural
presentichbinwirbirniichwirsīn
dubistirbirtdusīstirsīt
ëristsiesintërsiesīn
preteriteichwaswirwāreniiichwærewirwæren
duwæreirwāretduwærestirwæret
ërwassiewārenërwæresiewæren
imperativewis (du)
bis (du)
sīt (ir)
Composed forms ofsīn (irregular, auxiliarysīn)
perfect
singularpluralsingularplural
indicativeichbingewësenwirbirngewësensubjunctiveichgewësenwirsīngewësen
dubistgewësenirbirtgewësendusīstgewësenirsītgewësen
ëristgewësensiesintgewësenërgewësensiesīngewësen
pluperfect
indicativeichwasgewësenwirwārengewësensubjunctiveichwæregewësenwirwærengewësen
duwæregewësenirwāretgewësenduwærestgewësenirwæretgewësen
ërwasgewësensiewārengewësenërwæregewësensiewærengewësen
future i
infinitivesīnsülnsubjunctive iichsulsīnwirsulnsīn
dusulesīnirsuletsīn
ërsulsīnsiesulnsīn
indicativeichsolsīnwirsulensīnsubjunctive iiichsöltesīn
ichsöldesīn
wirsöltensīn
wirsöldensīn
dusoltsīnirsuletsīndusöltestsīn
dusöldestsīn
irsöltetsīn
irsöldetsīn
ërsolsīnsiesulensīnërsöltesīn
ërsöldesīn
siesöltensīn
siesöldensīn
future ii
infinitivegewësensīnsülnsubjunctive iichsulgewësensīnwirsulngewësensīn
dusulegewësensīnirsuletgewësensīn
ërsulgewësensīnsiesulngewësensīn
indicativeichsolgewësensīnwirsulengewësensīnsubjunctive iiichsöltegewësensīn
ichsöldegewësensīn
wirsöltengewësensīn
wirsöldengewësensīn
dusoltgewësensīnirsuletgewësensīndusöltestgewësensīn
dusöldestgewësensīn
irsöltetgewësensīn
irsöldetgewësensīn
ërsolgewësensīnsiesulengewësensīnërsöltegewësensīn
ërsöldegewësensīn
siesöltengewësensīn
siesöldengewësensīn
Descendants
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

Inherited fromOld High Germansīn.

Determiner

[edit]

sīn

  1. his
  2. its
  3. one's
Descendants
[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “sin”, inMittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel

Middle Irish

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Irishsin.

Determiner

[edit]

sin

  1. (used with thedefinite article)that
    • c.1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, inErnst Windisch, editor,Irische Texte, volume 1, published1800, section1:
      Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑hErind in tansin[]
      That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time []

Pronoun

[edit]

sin

  1. that
    • c.1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, inErnst Windisch, editor,Irische Texte, volume 1, published1800, section1:
      Is ísein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑hErind in tan sin[]
      That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time []

Further reading

[edit]

Middle Low German

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

    FromOld Saxonsīn.

    Pronoun

    [edit]

    sîn

    1. (personal pronoun, third person, in thesingular, masculine, genitive) ofhis
      lohant ret her Zeno hen na Verona to dem vadersin.
      John rode Sir Zeno to Verona, to the fatherof his.
    2. (personal pronoun, third person, in thesingular, neuter, genitive) ofit
    3. (possessive, third person, in thesingular, masculine)his
    4. (possessive, third person, neuter, masculine)its
    Declension
    [edit]

    Personal pronoun:

    Middle Low German personal pronouns
    nominativeaccusativedativegenitive
    singular1st personik (ek) (,mik,mek)mîn (mîner)
    2nd person (,dik,dek)dîn (dîner)
    3rd personm (,hie)ēne,en (ȫne,ȫn)ēme,em (ȫme,en)sîn (sîner)
    nit (et)
    f (,sie,sü̂)ēre,ēr (ērer,ȫrer)
    plural1st person (,wie)uns (ûs,ös,ü̂sik)unser (ûser)
    2nd person (,î) (jûwe,û,jük,gik)jûwer (ûwer)
    3rd person (,sie)em,öm,jüm (en,ēnen,ȫnen)ēre,ēr (ērer,ȫrer)

    For an explanation of the forms in bracketssee here.

    Possessive pronoun:

    Declension of sin
    singularplural
    masculineneuterfeminine
    Strong declension
    nominativesînsîne
    accusativesînensînsîne
    dativesînem(e) (sînennote)sîner(e)sînen
    genitivesînessîner(e)
    Weak declension
    nominativesînesînen
    accusativesînensînesînen
    dativesînen
    genitive

    The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period.

    Alternative forms
    [edit]
    • sîner(for the genitive of the personal pronoun)

    Etymology 2

    [edit]

      FromOld Saxonsīn.

      Alternative forms

      [edit]

      Verb

      [edit]

      sîn

      1. tobe

      Usage notes
      [edit]
      • Wēsen is a verb with asuppletive conjugation based on multiple Proto-Germanic stems. For many verb forms, authors freely chose between forms based on the stemswēs- andsî-, withoutsemantic impact. This is also true for modern Low German and Dutch. For the forms based on thesî- stem, see the respective entry atwēsen.
      Descendants
      [edit]
      • German Low German:
        Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch:sin (past participle:west, alsowesen)
        Westphalian:
        Münsterländisch:syn (past participle:weßt),sien (past participle:west)
        Paderbornisch:seyn,syn (past participle:wiäsen)

      Miskito

      [edit]

      Adverb

      [edit]

      sin

      1. also,too

      Navajo

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromProto-Athabaskan*xʸən(shaman's power, medicine, song). Related to-YĮĮD(to be holy), fromProto-Athabaskan*ɣʸən(to act as a shaman, to be endowed with supernatural powers).[1]

      CompareAhtnasen(spiritual power, medicine),Koyukonsən(shaman's spirit),Gwich'inshan(shamanism, magic),Tlingitat shí(singing)(verbal noun),[2]Eyaktsį,Dena'inashen,Galicešan(song),Lipanshį̀.

      Has been compared withKetсенаӈ(sʲɛ́naŋ,shaman), viaProto-Yeniseian*-xejn(to shamanize).

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin (possessed formbiyiin)

      1. song

      Inflection

      [edit]
      Possessives ofsin
      singularduopluralplural
      1st personshiyiinnihiyiindanihiyiin
      2nd personniyiinnihiyiindanihiyiin
      3rd personbiyiin
      4th person (3o)yiyiin
      4th person (3a)hayiin
      Indefinite (3i)ayiin

      References

      [edit]
      1. ^Leer, Jeff (1996),Comparative Athabaskan Lexicon[1], volume yə, ye, Alaska Native Language Archive, pages56-58a
      2. ^Twitchell, X̱ʼunei Lance (2020),Tlingit Online Dictionary, Juneau, Alaska: Independently published, supported by Goldbelt Heritage Foundation and the University of Alaska Southeast,→ISBN, pages12, 204

      North Frisian

      [edit]

      Determiner

      [edit]

      sin

      1. (Sylt)his(third-person singular masculine possessive determiner)
      2. (Sylt)its(third-person singular neuterpossessive determiner)
      3. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring)feminine/neuter/plural ofsan(his, its”, Föhr-Amrum also “her)

      Pronoun

      [edit]

      sin (plural(Sylt)sinen)

      1. (Sylt)his(third-person singular masculine possessive pronoun)
      2. (Sylt)its(third-person singular neuterpossessive pronoun)
      3. (Föhr-Amrum)feminine/neuter ofsan(his, hers, its)
      4. (Mooring)feminine/neuter/plural ofsan(his, its)

      See also

      [edit]
      Personal and possessive pronouns (Föhr-Amrum dialect)
      personalpossessive
      subject caseobject casemasculine referentfeminine / neuter referentplural referent
      fullreducedfullreducedattributiveindependent
      singular1stik'kmimanminminen
      2nddidandindinen
      3rdmhi'rham'nsansinsinen
      f ornhatat,'tat,'t
      plural1stwi'füsüüsüüsen
      üsens
      2ndjam'mjamjaujauen
      jamens
      3rdjo'sjo'shörhören
      hörens
      • The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. is deleted altogether in such contexts.
      • At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. Inreflexive use, only full object forms occur.
      • Dual formswat / onk andjat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine / hör.
      • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.
      • The formsüsens,jamens,hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation.
      Personal and possessive pronouns (Mooring dialect)
      personalpossessive
      subject caseobject casemasculine
      referent
      feminine / neuter / plural
      referent
      fullreducedfullreduced
      singular1stik'kmemanmin
      2nddedandin
      3rdmhi'rham'nsansin
      f'shar'sharnhar
      nhatet,'thamet,'tsansin
      plural1stweüsüüsenüüs
      2ndjam'mjamjarnge
      3rdja'sja,jam'sjare

      The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. is deleted altogether in such contexts.
      Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject formhat is now rarely used. Inreflexive use, only full object forms occur.
      Dual formswat / unk andjat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.

      Personal and possessive pronouns (Sylt dialect)
      personalpossessive
      subject caseobject casesingular
      referent
      plural referent
      fullreducedfullreducedattributiveindependent
      singular1stik'kmiminminen
      2nddidindinen
      3rdmhi'rhöm'nsinsinen
      f'shöör'shöörhöören
      nhatet,'thömet,'tsinsinen
      dual1stwatunkunkunken
      2ndatjunkjunkjunken
      3rdjatjam'sjaarjaaren
      plural1stüüsüüsüüsen
      2ndijuujuujuuen
      3rdja'sjam'sjaarjaaren
      • The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. is deleted altogether in such contexts.
      • Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject formhat is now rarely used. Inreflexive use, only full object forms occur.
      • The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects.
      • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

      Northern Sami

      [edit]

      Pronunciation

      [edit]
      • (Kautokeino)IPA(key): /ˈsiːn/

      Pronoun

      [edit]

      sīn

      1. accusative/genitive ofsii

      Norwegian Bokmål

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromOld Norsesinn.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]
      This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

      Determiner

      [edit]

      sin m (femininesi,neutersitt,pluralsine)

      1. (reflexive pronoun)her /his /its /their
      2. indicating possession;'s,of
        Det var skolensin bil.
        It was the school's car.

      See also

      [edit]
          Personal pronouns inBokmål
      NumberPersonTypeNominativeObliquePossessive
      femininemasculineneuterplural
      SingularFirstjegmegmiminmittmine
      Secondgeneraldudegdidindittdine
      formal (rare)DeDemDeres
      Thirdfeminine (person)hunhennehennes
      masculine (person)hanham /hanhans
      feminine (noun)dendens
      masculine (noun)
      neuter (noun)detdets
      reflexivesegsisinsittsine
      PluralFirstviossvårvårtvåre
      Secondgeneralderederes
      formal (very rare)DeDemDeres
      Thirdgeneraldedemderes
      reflexivesegsisinsittsine

      References

      [edit]

      Norwegian Nynorsk

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromOld Norsesinn.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Determiner

      [edit]

      sin (masculinesin,femininesi,neutersitt,pluralsine)

      1. (reflexive pronoun)her/his/its/their
      2. indicating possession;'s,of
        Det var skulensin bil.
        It was the school’s car.

      References

      [edit]

      Old Dutch

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromProto-West Germanic*sīn.

      Determiner

      [edit]

      sīn

      1. his,its,hers

      Inflection

      [edit]
      Declension ofsin — Strong only
      SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
      Nominativesīnsīnsīn
      Accusativesīninsīnasīn
      Genitivesīnissīnrosīnis
      Dativesīninsīnrosīnin
      Instrumentalsīninsīnrosīnin
      PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
      Nominativesīnasīnasīna
      Accusativesīnasīnasīna
      Genitivesīnrosīnrosīnro
      Dativesīnonsīnonsīnon
      Instrumentalsīn-sīn-sīn-

      Descendants

      [edit]

      Further reading

      [edit]
      • sīn (II)”, inOudnederlands Woordenboek,2012

      Old English

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromProto-West Germanic*sīn(his, her, its, their,genitive reflexive).

      Cognate withOld Frisiansīn(his, its),Old Saxonsīn(his) (Middle Low Germansin),Dutchzijn,Old High Germansīn(his) (Germansein),Old Norsesínn(one's own),Old English(that, that one, he). More atthe.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Pronoun

      [edit]

      sīn

      1. (rare, chiefly dialectal, reflexive possessive pronoun)his;her;its;their
        • him ġewāt Hrōþgār tō hofesīnumFor him Hrothgar went tohis courtyard
        • þæt wīf tredeð midsīnum fōtumThe woman walks withher feet
        • þeċ heriað Israhēla, herransīnneIsrael plunders you,their lord
        • Bær sēo brimwylf hringa þengel tō hofesīnumThe sea-wolf carried the Prince of Rings toher lair

      Usage notes

      [edit]
      • Usually occurs in non-West Saxon dialects; rarely occurs in West Saxon prose, where it was replaced early on by the genitive forms:his,hire, andheora.

      Declension

      [edit]
      Declension ofsīn — Strong only
      SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
      Nominativesīnsīnsīn
      Accusativesīnnesīnesīn
      Genitivesīnessīnresīnes
      Dativesīnumsīnresīnum
      Instrumentalsīnesīnresīne
      PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
      Nominativesīnesīna,sīnesīn
      Accusativesīnesīna,sīnesīn
      Genitivesīnrasīnrasīnra
      Dativesīnumsīnumsīnum
      Instrumentalsīnumsīnumsīnum

      Old Frisian

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromProto-West Germanic*sīn(his, her, its, their,genitive reflexive).

      Cognate withOld Englishsīn(his, her, its, their),Old Saxonsīn(his) (Middle Low Germansin),Dutchzijn,Old High Germansīn(his) (Germansein),Old Norsesínn(one's own),Old English(that, that one, he).

      Determiner

      [edit]

      sīn

      1. his
      2. its

      Declension

      [edit]
      Declension ofsīn — Strong only
      SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
      Nominativesīnsīn,sīnesīn
      Accusativesīnene,sīnnesīnesīn
      Genitivesīnessīnere,sīnresīnes
      Dativesīnesīnere,sīnresīne
      Plural
      Nominativesīne
      Accusativesīne
      Genitivesīnera,sīnra
      Dativesīne

      Descendants

      [edit]
      • Saterland Frisian:sin
      • West Frisian:syn

      Pronoun

      [edit]

      sīn

      1. genitive of:his
      2. genitive ofhit:its

      Declension

      [edit]
      Old Frisian personal pronoun declensions
      nominativeaccusativedativegenitive
      singular1st personikmīn
      2nd personthūthīthīthīn
      3rd
      person
      mhinehimsīn
      fhiū,hiōhiāhire,hiārehire,hiāre
      nhithithimsīn
      plural1st personūsūsūser
      2nd person,,jūwer
      3rd personhiāhiāhim,hirem,hiāremhira,hiāra

      Old High German

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromProto-West Germanic*sinn.

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin m

      1. sense
      2. mind
      3. spirit
      4. thought
      5. intention

      Declension

      [edit]
      Declension ofsin (masculine a-stem)
      casesingularplural
      nominativesinsinā,sina
      accusativesinsinā,sina
      genitivesinessino
      dativesinesinum
      instrumentalsinu

      Synonyms

      [edit]

      Descendants

      [edit]

      References

      [edit]
      • Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014

      Old Irish

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromProto-Celtic*sindos (compareWelshhyn), fromProto-Indo-European*sḗm(one) or*só(that); strong doublet ofin(the).

      Determiner

      [edit]

      sin

      1. that,those(used after the noun, which is preceded by thedefinite article)
        Synonym:tall
        • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb.14c23
          co beid .i. co mbed a ndédesin im labrad-sa .i. gáuet fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélibet aní imme·rádin ó chridiu
          so that there may be, i.e. so thatthose two things might be in my speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] lips and what I might think with [my] heart might be different
        • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26b7
          De dliguth trá inna n-il-toimddensin, is de gaibthi “igitur”;quasi dixisset “Ní fail ní nád taí mo dligeth-sa fair i ndegaid na comroircnech.”
          Of the law then, ofthose many opinions, it is thereof that he recites “igitur”; as if he had said, “There is nothing which my law does not touch upon after the erroneous ones.

      Derived terms

      [edit]

      Descendants

      [edit]

      Pronoun

      [edit]

      sin

      1. that(as a direct object, used together with a clitic pronoun)
        • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb.14d26
          Is i persin Crist da·gníu-sasin.
          It is in the person of Christ that I do that.

      Derived terms

      [edit]

      Old Norse

      [edit]

      Alternative forms

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromProto-Germanic*senawō.

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin f (genitivesinar)

      1. cord,tendon,sinew;nerve

      Further reading

      [edit]
      • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “sin”, inA Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at theInternet Archive

      Old Saxon

      [edit]

      Etymology 1

      [edit]

      FromProto-West Germanic*sīn.

      Determiner

      [edit]

      sīn m orn

      1. (dialectal, reflexive possessive pronoun)his,its
        • 9th c.Heliand, verse 178:
          uundrodun alla bihuuī he thar sō lango frāonsīnun thionon thorfti
          they all wondered who he should need for so long to servehis Lords
        • verse 3832:
          selliad, that tharsīn ist: that sculun iuuua seolon uuesen
          Bring that which is his, that shall be your souls
      Declension
      [edit]
      Declension ofsīn
      Strong declension
      singularplural
      masculineneuterfemininemasculineneuterfeminine
      nominativesīnsīnsīnsīnesīnusīne
      accusativesīnanasīnsīnasīnesīnusīne
      genitivesīnessīnessīnarosīnarōsīnarōsīnarō
      dativesīnumusīnumusīnarosīnumsīnumsīnum
      Weak declension
      singularplural
      masculineneuterfeminine
      nominativesīnosīnasīnasīnu
      accusativesīnunsīnasīnunsīnun
      genitivesīnunsīnunsīnunsīnonō
      dativesīnunsīnunsīnunsīnum
      Descendants
      [edit]

      See also

      [edit]
      Old Saxon personal pronouns
      nominativeaccusativedativegenitive
      singular1st personik,me,mikmīn
      2nd personthūthī,thikthīthīn
      3rd
      person
      minaimuis
      fsiusiairuira
      nititis
      dual1st personwitunkunkero,unka
      2nd persongitinkinker,inka
      plural1st person,weūs,unsikūsūser
      2nd person,geeu,iu,iuueuwar,iuwer,iuwar,iuwero,iuwera
      3rd
      person
      msiaimiro
      fsia
      nsiu

      Etymology 2

      [edit]

      FromProto-Indo-European*h₁es-(to be, exist) (with some parts fromProto-Germanic*wesaną(to be)). Cognate withOld Dutchsīn(to be),Old Englishsēon(to be),Old High Germansīn. More atsooth.

      Verb

      [edit]

      sīn(irregular)

      1. tobe(more atwesan)
      Conjugation
      [edit]
      Conjugation ofsīn (irregular,suppletive)
      infinitivesīn
      indicativepresentpast
      1st person singular*em,*imwas
      2nd person singular*art*wāri
      3rd person singularist,iswas
      pluralsind,sindun,*arunwārun
      subjunctivepresentpast
      1st person singularwāri
      2nd person singularsīswāris
      3rd person singularwāri
      pluralsīnwārin
      imperativepresent
      singularwes,wis
      pluralwesad,wesat,wesath
      participlepresentpast
      wesandigiwesan
      Descendants
      [edit]

      Old Spanish

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromLatinsine.

      Preposition

      [edit]

      sin

      1. without
        • c.1200,Cantar del Mio Cid:
          Vio puertas abiertas e uçossin cannados
          He saw open doors and gateswithout locks

      Antonyms

      [edit]

      Descendants

      [edit]

      Old Swedish

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      Old Norsesínn,sinn fromProto-Germanic*sīnaz.

      Determiner

      [edit]

      sin

      1. (Reflexive possessive third person determiner.)his (own),her (own),its (own),their (own)

      Picard

      [edit]

      Pronoun

      [edit]

      sin m

      1. his,hers orits

      Pichinglis

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      Borrowed fromSpanishsin.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Preposition

      [edit]

      sin

      1. without
        Synonym:bitáwt

      References

      [edit]
      • Kofi Yakpo (2019),A grammar of Pichi (Studies in Diversity Linguistics;23)‎[9], Berlin: Language Science Press,→DOI,→ISBN,→ISSN, page574

      Romanian

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromOld Church Slavonicсꙑнъ(synŭ), fromProto-Slavic*synъ(son).

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin m (uncountable)

      1. (dated, regional)son of(inpatronymics)

      Declension

      [edit]
      singular onlyindefinitedefinite
      nominative-accusativesinsinul
      genitive-dativesinsinului
      vocativesinule

      Saterland Frisian

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromOld Frisiansīn, fromProto-West Germanic*sīn. Cognates includeWest Frisiansyn andGermansein.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Determiner

      [edit]

      sin (femininesien,neutersien,pluralsien,predicativesinnen)

      1. his

      See also

      [edit]
      Saterland Frisian possessives
      possessive determinerspossessive pronouns
      masculine
      referent
      other
      referent
      masculine
      referent
      other
      referent
      singular1stminmienminnenmienen
      2nddindiendinnendienen
      3rdm ornsinsiensinnensienen
      fhierehierens
      plural1stuusuzen
      2ndjoujouens
      3rdhierehierens

      References

      [edit]
      • Marron C. Fort (2015), “sin”, inSaterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske,→ISBN

      Scottish Gaelic

      [edit]

      Alternative forms

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromMiddle Irish[Term?], fromOld Irishsin. Cognates includeIrishsin andManxshen.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Pronoun

      [edit]

      sin

      1. that
        Dè thasin?What isthat?

      Usage notes

      [edit]
      • With the definite article, used as a determiner:
        an gillesinthat boy (literally, “the boythat”)

      Derived terms

      [edit]

      See also

      [edit]
      Scottish Gaelic demonstratives
      pronounadverb
      proximalseoan seo
      medialsinan sin
      distalsiudan siud

      References

      [edit]
      1. ^Oftedal, M. (1956),A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
      2. ^Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941), “The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire”, inA linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, volume II, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
      3. ^Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1940),A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. I: The dialects of the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page252
      4. ^John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[2], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, page 150
      5. ^Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937),The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
      6. ^Seanchas Shlèite

      Further reading

      [edit]
      • Mark, Colin (2003), “sin”, inThe Gaelic–English dictionary, London: Routledge,→ISBN, page526

      Serbo-Croatian

      [edit]

      Etymology 1

      [edit]

      Inherited fromProto-Slavic*synъ, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*sū́ˀnus, fromProto-Indo-European*suHnús.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Noun

      [edit]

      sȋn anim (Cyrillic spellingси̑н)

      1. son
      Declension
      [edit]
      Declension ofsin
      singularplural
      nominativesȋnsȉnovi
      genitivesȋnasȉnōvā
      dativesȋnusȉnovima
      accusativesȋnasȉnove
      vocativesȋnesȉnovi
      locativesínusȉnovima
      instrumentalsȋnomsȉnovima

      Etymology 2

      [edit]

      Borrowed fromHebrewש.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Noun

      [edit]

      sȉn inan (Cyrillic spellingси̏н)

      1. sin (letter of various Semitic abjads)
      Declension
      [edit]
      Declension ofsin
      singularplural
      nominativesinsini
      genitivesinasina
      dativesinusinima
      accusativesinasine
      vocativesinesini
      locativesinusinima
      instrumentalsinomsinima

      Slovene

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromProto-Slavic*synъ, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*sū́ˀnus, fromProto-Indo-European*suHnús.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Noun

      [edit]

      sȋn anim

      1. son

      Declension

      [edit]
      Declension ofsin
      nom. sing.sin
      gen. sing.sina
      singulardualplural
      nominativesinsinovasinovi
      accusativesin / sinusinovasinove
      genitivesinasinovsinov
      dativesinusinovomasinovom
      locativesinusinovihsinovih
      instrumentalsinomsinovomasinovi

      Further reading

      [edit]
      • sin”, inSlovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene),2014–2025

      Spanish

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      FromOld Spanishsin, fromLatinsine. Cognate withEnglishsans,Frenchsans,Italiansenza, andPortuguesesem.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Preposition

      [edit]

      sin

      1. without
        Antonym:con
        • 2021 July 21, Juan Garzon, “Los mejores celulares Android de 2021”, inCNN en Español[10]:
          De cierta manera, el Galaxy S21 ofrece un mejor balance de todo lo que ofrece y su precio, y, por eso, debería ser en muchas ocasiones la primera opción para considerar para la mayoría de personas que quieren un celular Android y no quieren necesariamente lo mejor de lo mejorsin importar su costo.
          (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)

      Derived terms

      [edit]

      Further reading

      [edit]

      Swedish

      [edit]

      Alternative forms

      [edit]
      • ſin(obsolete typography)

      Etymology 1

      [edit]

      Nominalisation ofsina(run dry).

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin ?

      1. Dryness, the state of having run dry.
      Usage notes
      [edit]

      Most commonly used when referring to either milk or funds.

      Etymology 2

      [edit]

      FromOld Swedishsīn, fromOld Norsesínn, fromProto-Germanic*sīnaz. Cognate withDanishsin,Gothic𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃(seins),Germansein,Dutchzijn.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Pronoun

      [edit]

      sin c (neutersitt,pluralsina)

      1. his (own),her (own),its (own),their (own).(Reflexive possessive third person pronoun)
        • 1974,Lasse Tennander, “Ska vi gå hem till dig [Shall We Go to Your Place["home to you" – idiomatic]]”, inAllting som ni gör kan jag göra bättre [Anything You Do, I Can Do Better[a cover album]]‎[11], performed byMagnus Uggla:
          Ska vi gå hem till dig eller hem till mig, ellervar och en hem tillsitt? Ska vi göra som dom andra ochägna oss åt varandra, eller ska var och en skötasitt?
          Shall we go to your place ["home to you" – idiomatic] or to my place [home to me], or each one ["each and one" – idiomatic] home totheirs [nominalized – neuter gender is used when there is no concretereferent, like in impersonal constructions and here, as a rule of thumb]? Shall we do like the others and spend time on each other [engage in each other as an activity – doesn't have the connotations of "devote"], or shall each one mind [take care of]theirs [nominalized]?
        Han hämtadesin post för tio minuter sedan.
        He picked uphis (own) mail ten minutes ago.
        Compare:
        Han hämtade hans post för tio minuter sedan.
        He picked up his (somebody else’s) mail ten minutes ago.
        Hon samlarsina dikter i en låda.
        She collectsher poems in a box.
        Hunden tycker inte omsitt halsband.
        The dog doesn’t likeits collar.
        De togsina papper och lämnade mötet.
        They gatheredtheir papers and left the meeting.
      Usage notes
      [edit]
      • The inflection of the wordsin is determined by the gender and number of the object:sin for common singular,sitt for neuter singular, andsina for plural, just like an adjective.
      Declension
      [edit]
      Swedish personal pronouns
      NumberPersonnominativeobliquepossessive
      commonneuterplural
      singularfirstjagmig,mej3minmittmina
      seconddudig,dej3dindittdina
      thirdmasculine (person)hanhonom,han2,en5hans
      feminine (person)honhenne,na5hennes
      gender-neutral (person)1henhen,henom7hens
      common (noun)dendendess
      neuter (noun)detdetdess
      indefinitemanoren4enens
      reflexivesig,sej3sinsittsina
      pluralfirstviossvår,våran2vårt,vårat2våra
      secondnierer,eran2,ers6ert,erat2era
      archaicIedereder,eders6edertedra
      thirdde,dom3dem,dom3deras
      reflexivesig,sej3sinsittsina
      1Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, though it remains limited.
      2Informal
      4Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative toman, to avoid association to the male gender.
      5Informal, somewhat dialectal
      6Formal address
      7Discouraged by theSwedish Language Council

      References

      [edit]

      Tashelhit

      [edit]
      Tashelhit numbers(edit)
       ←  123  → 
         Cardinal:sin
         Ordinal:wiss sin

      Etymology

      [edit]

      Inherited fromProto-Berber*ăssin, fromProto-Afroasiatic*čin(two).

      Cognate withZenagašin(two),Proto-Semitic*ṯin- andEgyptiansnwj.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Numeral

      [edit]

      sin m (femininesnat,Arabic spellingسين)

      1. two
        ifulki bdda watay iġ srs ngasin; imma kraḍ ula smmus, ur sul igi atay.
        tea, fortwo of us is always sweet;but if we are three or five , it is no longer tea.
        snat tġawsiwin is gant taytmatin, ngaddant.two things that are similar are the same.

      References

      [edit]
      • Stroomer, Harry (2025),Dictionnaire berbère tachelḥiyt-français — Tome 3m—š (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik;188/3) (in French), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill,→DOI,→ISBN, page1980a

      Tatar

      [edit]

      Pronoun

      [edit]

      sin

      1. you (singular),thou

      Turkish

      [edit]

      Etymology 1

      [edit]

      FromProto-Turkic*sï(y)n(monument, tomb).[1]

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin (definite accusativesini,pluralsinler)

      1. (dated)grave, burial place
      Inflection
      [edit]
      Declension ofsin
      singularplural
      nominativesinsinler
      definite accusativesinisinleri
      dativesinesinlere
      locativesindesinlerde
      ablativesindensinlerden
      genitivesininsinlerin

      References

      [edit]
      1. ^Starostin, Sergei;Dybo, Anna;Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*sɨ(j)n”, inEtymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

      Etymology 2

      [edit]

      FromArabicسِين(sīn).

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin

      1. Letter of the Arabic alphabet:س

      Uzbek

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      Borrowed fromArabicسِين(sīn).

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin (pluralsinlar)

      1. the Arabic letterس

      Declension

      [edit]
      Declension ofsin
      singularplural
      nominativesinsinlar
      genitivesinningsinlarning
      dativesingasinlarga
      definite accusativesinnisinlarni
      locativesindasinlarda
      ablativesindansinlardan
      similativesindeksinlardek
      Possessive forms ofsin
      1st person singular
      singularplural
      nominativesinimsinlarim
      genitivesinimningsinlarimning
      dativesinimgasinlarimga
      definite accusativesinimnisinlarimni
      locativesinimdasinlarimda
      ablativesinimdansinlarimdan
      similativesinimdeksinlarimdek
      2nd person singular
      singularplural
      nominativesiningsinlaring
      genitivesiningningsinlaringning
      dativesininggasinlaringga
      definite accusativesiningnisinlaringni
      locativesiningdasinlaringda
      ablativesiningdansinlaringdan
      similativesiningdeksinlaringdek
      3rd person singular
      singularplural
      nominativesinisinlari
      genitivesininingsinlarining
      dativesinigasinlariga
      definite accusativesininisinlarini
      locativesinidasinlarida
      ablativesinidansinlaridan
      similativesinideksinlaridek
      1st person plural
      singularplural
      nominativesinimizsinlarimiz
      genitivesinimizningsinlarimizning
      dativesinimizgasinlarimizga
      definite accusativesinimiznisinlarimizni
      locativesinimizdasinlarimizda
      ablativesinimizdansinlarimizdan
      similativesinimizdeksinlarimizdek
      2nd person plural
      singularplural
      nominativesiningizsinlaringiz
      genitivesiningizningsinlaringizning
      dativesiningizgasinlaringizga
      definite accusativesiningiznisinlaringizni
      locativesiningizdasinlaringizda
      ablativesiningizdansinlaringizdan
      similativesiningizdeksinlaringizdek
      3rd person plural
      singularplural
      nominativesinisinlari
      genitivesininingsinlarining
      dativesinigasinlariga
      definite accusativesininisinlarini
      locativesinidasinlarida
      ablativesinidansinlaridan
      similativesinideksinlaridek

      Vietnamese

      [edit]

      Etymology

      [edit]

      Fromtranslingualsin, fromEnglishsine, fromLatinsinus.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin

      1. (trigonometry)sine
        Sinđihọc. Coskhông. Tangđoànkết. Cotang kết đoàn.
        SOH-CAH-TOA
        (literally, “Sine goes to school. Cosine isn't naughty. Tangent unifies. Cotangent does too.”)

      See also

      [edit]

      Welsh

      [edit]

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Etymology 1

      [edit]

      FromEnglishscene, fromMiddle Frenchscene, fromLatinscaena,scēna, fromAncient Greekσκηνή(skēnḗ,scene, stage), ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*(s)ḱeh₃ih₂, fromProto-Indo-European*(s)ḱeh₃-(darkness, shadow).Doublet ofcysgod(shade, shadow).

      Noun

      [edit]

      sin f (pluralsinau,not mutable)

      1. scene(social environment)
        ysin bop Gymraegthe Welsh-language popscene

      Etymology 2

      [edit]

        FromEnglishsine, fromLatinsinus(curve, bend; bosom), a translation ofArabicجَيْب(jayb,bosom), fromSanskritज्या(jyā,sine, chord, bowstring) throughSanskritजीव(jīva,sine, chord, life, existence).Doublet ofsinws(sinus).

        Noun

        [edit]

        sin m (pluralsinau,not mutable)

        1. (trigonometry, differential geometry)sine
        Related terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 3

        [edit]

        FromMiddle Englishsine, fromOld Frenchsigne, fromLatinsignum, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*sek-(to cut) or*sekʷ-(to follow);Doublet ofsygn (“astrological sign”).

        Alternative forms

        [edit]

        Noun

        [edit]

        sin m (pluralsinau,not mutable)

        1. (obsolete)sign
          Synonym:arwydd
        2. (obsolete)symbol
          Synonym:symbol
        3. (obsolete)emblem
          Synonym:arwyddlun

        References

        [edit]
        • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sin”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

        Further reading

        [edit]
        • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sin”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

        West Frisian

        [edit]

        Etymology

        [edit]

        FromOld Frisiansinn, fromProto-West Germanic*sinn.

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Noun

        [edit]

        sin c (pluralsinnen,diminutivesintsje)

        1. sentence(syntactic unit containing a subject and a predicate)
        2. sense(means of experiencing the external world)
        3. meaning,sense,significance

        Further reading

        [edit]
        • sin”, inWurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch),2011

        Noun

        [edit]

        sin n (pluralsinnen,diminutivesintsje)

        1. mood
        2. opinion,view

        Further reading

        [edit]
        • sin”, inWurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch),2011

        Yoruba

        [edit]

        Etymology 1

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sìn

        1. (transitive) toworship adeity; torevere
        2. (transitive) toserve
        Usage notes
        [edit]
        • sin before a direct object
        Derived terms
        [edit]
        Related terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 2

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sìn

        1. (transitive) todomesticate ananimal orplant
        Usage notes
        [edit]
        • sin before a direct object
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 3

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sìn

        1. (transitive) togive agirl away inmarriage
        Usage notes
        [edit]
        • sin before a direct object

        Etymology 4

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sìn

        1. (transitive) toaccompany orescort someone; tokeep company of someone; toguide
        Usage notes
        [edit]
        • sin before a direct object
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 5

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sìn

        1. (transitive) toserve, towork for someone
        Usage notes
        [edit]
        • sin before a direct object
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 6

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sìn

        1. (transitive) todemand something from someone torecover it
        Usage notes
        [edit]
        • sin before a direct object
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 7

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sin

        1. (transitive) tobury insoil
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 8

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sin

        1. (transitive) toliehidden, toremainsecret
          ọ̀rọ̀ náà sinthe matterremains secret

        Etymology 9

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sín

        1. (transitive, usually withgbẹ́rẹ́) toincise thebody(usually in the process of traditional rituals)
          Synonym:síngbẹ́rẹ́
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 10

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sín

        1. (intransitive) tosneeze
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 11

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sín

        1. (intransitive) tostring orpiece thingstogether
          Synonym:
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Etymology 12

        [edit]

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Verb

        [edit]

        sín

        1. (intransitive) tocrack anut(to reach the inner seed or kernel)
        Derived terms
        [edit]

        Zhuang

        [edit]

        Etymology

        [edit]

        FromChinese (MC sin).

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Noun

        [edit]

        sin (Sawndip form,1957–1982 spellingsin)

        1. the eighth of the tenheavenly stems

        See also

        [edit]
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