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sin

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "sin"
Languages (65)
Translingual • English
Afar • Afrikaans • Aromanian • Asturian • Azerbaijani • Breton • Cebuano • Cornish • Danish • Esperanto • Fon • Franco-Provençal • Gun • Hausa • Hokkien • Hunsrik • Icelandic • Irish • Italian • Itsekiri • Iu Mien • Kabyle • Kankanaey • Ladino • Latin • Livonian • Menien • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Middle High German • Middle Irish • Middle Low German • Miskito • Navajo • North Frisian • Northern Sami • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Dutch • Old English • Old Frisian • Old High German • Old Irish • Old Norse • Old Saxon • Old Spanish • Old Swedish • Picard • Romanian • Saterland Frisian • Scottish Gaelic • Serbo-Croatian • Slovene • Spanish • Swedish • Tatar • Turkish • Uzbek • Vietnamese • Welsh • West Frisian • Yoruba • Zhuang
Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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sin

  1. (mathematics)Thetrigonometric functionsine.
  2. (international standards)ISO 639-2 &ISO 639-3language code forSinhala.

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishsinne,synne,sunne,zen, fromOld Englishsynn(sin), fromProto-West Germanic*sunnju, fromProto-Germanic*sunjō(truth, excuse) and*sundī,*sundijō(sin), fromProto-Indo-European*h₁s-ónt-ih₂, from*h₁sónts("being, true", implying a verdict of "truly guilty" against an accusation or charge), from*h₁es-(to be); compareOld Englishsōþ("true"; seesooth).Doublet ofsuttee.

Cognates

Cognate withScotssyn,sin(sin),Saterland FrisianSäände(sin),West Frisiansûnde(sin),Dutchzonde(sin),Low Germansunn,sunne(sin),GermanSünde(sin),Danishsynd(sin),Swedishsynd(sin),Icelandicsynð,synd(sin),Latinsont-,sons(sinful, guilty, criminal).Doublet ofsuttee.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin (countable anduncountable,pluralsins)

  1. (theology) Aviolation of divine will orreligiouslaw.
    As a Christian, I think this is asin against God.
    • 1866,James Buchanan,Mr. Buchanan's Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion[2],New York:D. Appleton and Company,→OCLC,→OL,page 9:
      Slavery, according to them, was a grievoussin against God, and therefore no human Constitution could rightfully shield it from destruction. It was sinful to live in a political confederacy which tolerated slavery in any of the States composing it;[]
  2. Sinfulness,depravity,iniquity.
  3. Amisdeed orwrong.
    • 1963,Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, inThe China Governess: A Mystery, London:Chatto & Windus,→OCLC,page249:
      The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen.[]The second note, the high alarum, not so familiar and always important since it indicates the paramountsin in Man's private calendar, took most of them by surprise although they had been well prepared.
  4. A sin offering; a sacrifice for sin.
  5. Anembodiment of sin; a very wicked person.
  6. Aflaw ormistake.
    No movie is withoutsin.
  7. (sports)sin bin
    • 2023 October 28, Leighton Koopman, “YES!!! The Springboks beat the All Blacks to win another Rugby World Cup title”, inIndependent Online[3]:
      WingerCheslin Kolbe, sitting with his jersey over his head in thesin after a yellow card at the death, was probably the sight of millions of South Africans around the country who had their hearts in their mouth as they sat through another nail-biting match.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Terms derived fromsin (noun)
Translations
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Seesin/translations § Noun.

Verb

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sin (third-person singular simple presentsins,present participlesinning,simple past and past participlesinned)

  1. (intransitive, theology) To commit a sin.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Seesin/translations § Verb.

Etymology 2

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Modification ofshin.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin (pluralsins)

  1. A letter of theHebrew alphabet;שׂ
  2. A letter of theArabic alphabet;س

Etymology 3

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Noun

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sin (pluralsins)

  1. Alternative form ofsinh(tube skirt)

Anagrams

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Afar

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsin/ [ˈsɪn]
  • Hyphenation:sin

Pronoun

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sín (predicativesíini)

  1. ye,you

See also

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Afar personal pronouns
1st person2nd person3rd person
mf
subjectsingularanúatúúsukís
pluralnanúisínúsun
objectsingulartét
pluralsínkén

Determiner

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sín

  1. your (second person plural)

See also

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Afar possessive determiners
1st person2nd person3rd person
mf
personalsingularyikukaytet
pluralnisinken
reflexivesingularinníisí
pluralninníisinní,sinní

References

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  • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “sin”, inAn Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London,→ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015)L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[4], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Afrikaans

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Etymology 1

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FromDutchzin, fromMiddle Dutchsin, fromOld Dutchsin, fromProto-West Germanic*sinn.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin (pluralsinne,diminutivesinnetjie)

  1. meaning,sense
  2. sentence
  3. sense(means of perceiving reality)
  4. sense,comprehension
  5. desire
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Particle

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sin

  1. Misspelling ofs'n.

Aromanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromLatinsinus. CompareRomaniansân,Spanishseno.

Noun

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sin n (pluralsinj)

  1. breast

See also

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Asturian

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Preposition

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sin

  1. Alternative form ofensin

Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromArabicسِين(sīn).

Noun

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sin (definite accusativesini,pluralsinlər)

  1. the Arabic letterس

Declension

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Declension ofsin
singularplural
nominativesinsinlər
definite accusativesinisinləri
dativesinəsinlərə
locativesindəsinlərdə
ablativesindənsinlərdən
definite genitivesininsinlərin
Possessive forms ofsin
nominative
singularplural
mənim(my)sinimsinlərim
sənin(your)sininsinlərin
onun(his/her/its)sinisinləri
bizim(our)sinimizsinlərimiz
sizin(your)sininizsinləriniz
onların(their)sini orsinlərisinləri
accusative
singularplural
mənim(my)sinimisinlərimi
sənin(your)sininisinlərini
onun(his/her/its)sininisinlərini
bizim(our)sinimizisinlərimizi
sizin(your)sininizisinlərinizi
onların(their)sinini orsinlərinisinlərini
dative
singularplural
mənim(my)siniməsinlərimə
sənin(your)sininəsinlərinə
onun(his/her/its)sininəsinlərinə
bizim(our)sinimizəsinlərimizə
sizin(your)sininizəsinlərinizə
onların(their)sininə orsinlərinəsinlərinə
locative
singularplural
mənim(my)sinimdəsinlərimdə
sənin(your)sinindəsinlərində
onun(his/her/its)sinindəsinlərində
bizim(our)sinimizdəsinlərimizdə
sizin(your)sininizdəsinlərinizdə
onların(their)sinində orsinlərindəsinlərində
ablative
singularplural
mənim(my)sinimdənsinlərimdən
sənin(your)sinindənsinlərindən
onun(his/her/its)sinindənsinlərindən
bizim(our)sinimizdənsinlərimizdən
sizin(your)sininizdənsinlərinizdən
onların(their)sinindən orsinlərindənsinlərindən
genitive
singularplural
mənim(my)siniminsinlərimin
sənin(your)sinininsinlərinin
onun(his/her/its)sinininsinlərinin
bizim(our)sinimizinsinlərimizin
sizin(your)sininizinsinlərinizin
onların(their)sininin orsinlərininsinlərinin

Further reading

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  • sin” inObastan.com.

Breton

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Etymology

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FromLatinsignum.

Noun

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sin m

  1. sign

Cebuano

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Etymology

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FromSpanishzinc, fromGermanZink, related toZinke(point, prong), fromMiddle High Germanzinke, fromOld High Germanzinko(prong, tine), allied tozint(a jag, point), fromProto-Germanic*tindaz(prong, pinnacle), fromProto-Indo-European*h₃dónts(tooth, projection).

Noun

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sin

  1. zinc
  2. galvanized iron sheet

Cornish

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Etymology

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Ultimately fromLatinsignum.

Noun

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sin m (pluralsînys)

  1. sign

Danish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsesínn.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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sin c (neutersit,pluralsine)

  1. (reflexive possessive) third-personsg pronoun, meaninghis/her/its (own)
    Han læstesin bogHe readhis (own) book
    Compare:Han læstehans bogHe readhis (somebody else's) book

See also

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Danish personal pronouns
NumberPersonTypeNominativeObliquePossessive
commonneuterplural
SingularFirstjegmigminmitmine
Secondmodern /informaldudigdinditdine
formal (uncommon)DeDemDeres
Thirdmasculine (person)hanhamhans
feminine (person)hunhendehendes
common (noun)dendens
neuter (noun)detdets
indefinitemanenens
reflexivesigsinsitsine
PluralFirstmodernviosvores
archaic /formalvorvortvore
SecondIjerjeres
Thirddedemderes
reflexivesig

Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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sin

  1. accusative ofsi

See also

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Personal pronouns inEsperanto
SingularPlural
NominativeAccusativePossessiveNominativeAccusativePossessive
First person mi min mia ni nin nia
Second personFormal vi vin via vi vin via
Familiar1 ci cin cia
Third personMasculine li lin lia
Feminine ŝi ŝin ŝia
Neuter ĝi ĝin ĝia
Gender-neutral2 ri
ŝli
 rin
ŝlin
 ria
ŝlia
Reflexive si sin sia si sin sia
Indefinite oni onin onia oni onin onia
Notes
1 The second person familiar pronouns are archaic.

2 The proposed gender-neutral third-person singular pronounsri (rin,ria) andŝli (ŝlin,ŝlia) are not widely used.

3 The proposed third-person feminine plural pronouniŝi (iŝin,iŝia) is not widely used.

Fon

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Sìn ɔ́

Etymology

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Cognates includeGunsìn,Saxwe Gbeɛsìn,Adjaeshi,Eweesti

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sìn

  1. water

References

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  • Claire Lefebvre, Anne-Marie Brousseau,A Grammar of Fongbe (2002,→ISBN

Franco-Provençal

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromVulgar Latin*seum.Doublet ofson(possessive determiner).

Pronoun

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sin (feminine singularsina,masculine pluralsins,feminine pluralsines)(ORB, broad)

  1. his,her,its(third-person singular possessor)

See also

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Franco-Provençal personal pronouns
singularnominativeaccusativedativetonic1possessive2
1st personjomin
2nd persontetin
3rd person masculineillo /leluisin
3rd person feminineellalyé
3rd person neuteroy
3rd person reflexive
pluralnominativeaccusativedativetonic1possessive2
1st personnosnoutro
2nd personvosvoutro
3rd person masculineilslos /leslorlor
3rd person feminineelsleslor /lyés
3rd person reflexive
1 Disjunctive or object of a preposition.2 Generally preceded by a definite article.

Gun

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Sìn lọ́

Etymology 1

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Cognates includeFonsìn,Saxwe Gbeɛsìn,Adjaeshi,Eweesti. Possibly cognate withNkonyantsu.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sìn (pluralsìn lɛ́orsìn lẹ́)

  1. water
    Synonym:òsìn

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Particle

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sín

  1. comes after a noun to indicate that this noun possesses that which follows, much like English's
    Gbẹ̀tọ́sín àfọ̀ / Gbɛ̀tɔ́sín àfɔ̀The human's foot

References

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  • Aspect and Modality in Kwa Languages (2006,→ISBN)

Hausa

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Etymology

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FromArabicسِين(sīn).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin f

  1. sin(letter of the Arabic alphabet)

Hokkien

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For pronunciation and definitions ofsin – see (“new;fresh;new;unused; etc.”).
(This term is thepe̍h-ōe-jī form of).

Hunsrik

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Alternative forms

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  • sinn(Altenhofen spelling)

Etymology

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FromMiddle High Germansein,sīn, fromOld High Germansīn(to be) (with some parts fromProto-Germanic*wesaną(to be) and*beuną(to be, exist, become)), fromProto-Indo-European*es-,*h₁es-(to be, exist).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsin/
  • Rhymes:-in
  • Syllabification:sin

Verb

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sin

  1. tobe
    Ichsin en Mann.
    Iam a man.
    Deerseid zu mied.
    Youare too tired.
    Sie denke, dass-se en Hexis.
    They think she's a witch.
    All, wo dartwaare, sin gestorreb.
    Everyone whowas there died.
  2. (auxiliary)forms theperfect tense of most intransitive verbs
    Ichsin fortgang.
    Iam gone.

Inflection

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Irregular with past tense, conditional and subjunctive mood
infinitivesin
participlegewees,geweest,geween
auxiliarysin
present
indicative
past
indicative
conditionalsubjunctiveimperative
ichsinwaarwäärsei
dubistwaarstwäärstseistsei
er/sie/esiswaarwäärsei
meersinwaarewääreseie
deerseidwaardwäärdseidseid
siesinwaarewääreseie

The present participle is uncommonly used,
but can be made with the suffix-end.

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Icelandic

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsesin.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin f (genitive singularsinar,nominative pluralsinar)

  1. sinew,tendon

Declension

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Declension ofsin (feminine)
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativesinsininsinarsinarnar
accusativesinsininasinarsinarnar
dativesinsininnisinumsinunum
genitivesinarsinarinnarsinasinanna

Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Irishsin, fromOld Irishsin.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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sin

  1. (used with thedefinite article)that
    an buachaillsinthat boy

Pronoun

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sin

  1. that
    Sin é mo dheartháir.
    That is my brother.
    • (Can wedate this quote?), “Cad é sin don té sin [What is that to anyone]”‎[5]:
      Ó cad ésin don té sin nach mbaineannsin dó?
      Oh what isthat to him whomthat doesn't concern?

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms ofsin
radicallenitioneclipsis
sinshin
afteran,tsin
not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Italian

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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sin

  1. Apocopic form ofsino

Itsekiri

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Etymology 1

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Cognates include Ìjẹ̀búYorubasẹ́n

Pronunciation

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Verb

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sín

  1. to belong

Etymology 2

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Cognates includeYorubasín,Olukumiṣín, OwéYorubahín, Ìjẹ̀búYorubasẹ́n,Ifèsɛ̃́

Pronunciation

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Verb

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sín

  1. tosneeze

Iu Mien

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Etymology

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FromChinese (MC syin).

Noun

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sin 

  1. body

Kabyle

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Kabyle cardinal numbers
 <  123  > 
   Cardinal :sin

Etymology

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FromProto-Berber.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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sin m (femininesnat)

  1. two

References

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  • Bellahsene, Linda, Hameg, Nadia (2009) “Kabyle numeral system”, inUniversité Paris 4, CNRS, editor,Numeral Systems of the World's Languages[6], Paris, France

Kankanaey

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • (Standard Kankanaey)IPA(key): /ˈsin/[ˈsi̞n]
    • IPA(key): (parts of Bauko, Sabangan, & Tadian)/ˈhin/[ˈhi̞n]
  • Rhymes:-in
  • Syllabification:sin

Article

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sin

  1. oblique argument, specifically a commonnominaldefinite marker

See also

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References

[edit]
  • Janet L. Allen (2014)Kankanaey: A Role and Reference Grammar Analysis[7] (overall work in English),→ISBN, page128

Ladino

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Etymology

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FromOld Spanishsin, fromLatinsine.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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sin (Hebrew spellingסין)

  1. without

Antonyms

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Latin

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Etymology

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From +.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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sīn

  1. ifhowever, if on thecontrary,but if
    sinaliter/minus/secusotherwise, if not
    • Nonne si bene egeris, recipies :sin autem male, statim in foribus peccatum aderit?
      If thou do well, shalt thou not receive? butif ill, shall not sin forthwith be present at the door? (Genesis 4:7, God speaking to Cain)

References

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  • sin inEnrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025),Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication

Livonian

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Pronoun

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sin

  1. genitivesingular ofsinā

Menien

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Noun

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sin

  1. water

References

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  • Martius,Beiträge zur Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde Brasiliens, page 155

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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FromOld Dutchsin, fromProto-West Germanic*sinn.

Noun

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sin m orf

  1. direction
  2. attention
  3. sense,intellect,reason
  4. feeling,emotion
  5. sense,perception
  6. meaning

Inflection

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This noun needs aninflection-table template.

Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Conjunction

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sin

  1. Alternative form ofsithen

Etymology 2

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Noun

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sin

  1. Alternative form ofsynne

Middle High German

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE)/ˈs̠iːn/

Etymology 1

[edit]

Inherited fromOld High Germansīn, ultimately from Proto-Germanic*wesaną, derived from Proto-Indo-European*h₁ésti. Cognate withMiddle Low Germansīn.

Alternative forms

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Verb

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sīnorwësen (irregular,third-person singular presentist,past tensewas,past participlegewësen,past subjunctivewære,auxiliarysīn)

  1. tobe,become
Conjugation
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Conjugation ofsīn (irregular, auxiliarysīn)
infinitivesīn
wësen
genitive gerundsīnnes
sīnes
wësennes
wësenes
dative gerundsīnne
sīne
wësenne
wësene
present participlesīnde
wësende
past participlegewësen
auxiliarysīn
indicativesubjunctive
singularpluralsingularplural
presentichbinwirbirniichwirsīn
dubistirbirtdusīstirsīt
ëristsiesintërsiesīn
preteriteichwaswirwāreniiichwærewirwæren
duwæreirwāretduwærestirwæret
ërwassiewārenërwæresiewæren
imperativewis (du)
bis (du)
sīt (ir)
Composed forms ofsīn (irregular, auxiliarysīn)
perfect
singularpluralsingularplural
indicativeichbingewësenwirbirngewësensubjunctiveichgewësenwirsīngewësen
dubistgewësenirbirtgewësendusīstgewësenirsītgewësen
ëristgewësensiesintgewësenërgewësensiesīngewësen
pluperfect
indicativeichwasgewësenwirwārengewësensubjunctiveichwæregewësenwirwærengewësen
duwæregewësenirwāretgewësenduwærestgewësenirwæretgewësen
ërwasgewësensiewārengewësenërwæregewësensiewærengewësen
future i
infinitivesīnsülnsubjunctive iichsulsīnwirsulnsīn
dusulesīnirsuletsīn
ërsulsīnsiesulnsīn
indicativeichsolsīnwirsulensīnsubjunctive iiichsöltesīn
ichsöldesīn
wirsöltensīn
wirsöldensīn
dusoltsīnirsuletsīndusöltestsīn
dusöldestsīn
irsöltetsīn
irsöldetsīn
ërsolsīnsiesulensīnërsöltesīn
ërsöldesīn
siesöltensīn
siesöldensīn
future ii
infinitivegewësensīnsülnsubjunctive iichsulgewësensīnwirsulngewësensīn
dusulegewësensīnirsuletgewësensīn
ërsulgewësensīnsiesulngewësensīn
indicativeichsolgewësensīnwirsulengewësensīnsubjunctive iiichsöltegewësensīn
ichsöldegewësensīn
wirsöltengewësensīn
wirsöldengewësensīn
dusoltgewësensīnirsuletgewësensīndusöltestgewësensīn
dusöldestgewësensīn
irsöltetgewësensīn
irsöldetgewësensīn
ërsolgewësensīnsiesulengewësensīnërsöltegewësensīn
ërsöldegewësensīn
siesöltengewësensīn
siesöldengewësensīn
Descendants
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

Inherited fromOld High Germansīn.

Determiner

[edit]

sīn

  1. his
  2. its
  3. one's
Descendants
[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “sin”, inMittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel

Middle Irish

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Irishsin.

Determiner

[edit]

sin

  1. (used with thedefinite article)that
    • c.1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, inErnst Windisch, editor,Irische Texte, volume 1, published1800, section1:
      Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑hErind in tansin[]
      That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time []

Pronoun

[edit]

sin

  1. that
    • c.1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, inErnst Windisch, editor,Irische Texte, volume 1, published1800, section1:
      Is ísein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑hErind in tan sin[]
      That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time []

Further reading

[edit]

Middle Low German

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromOld Saxonsīn.

Pronoun

[edit]

sîn

  1. (personal pronoun, third person, in thesingular, masculine, genitive) ofhis
    lohant ret her Zeno hen na Verona to dem vadersin.
    John rode Sir Zeno to Verona, to the fatherof his.
  2. (personal pronoun, third person, in thesingular, neuter, genitive) ofit
  3. (possessive, third person, in thesingular, masculine)his
  4. (possessive, third person, neuter, masculine)its
Declension
[edit]

Personal pronoun:

Middle Low German personal pronouns
nominativeaccusativedativegenitive
singular1st personik (ek) (,mik,mek)mîn (mîner)
2nd person (,dik,dek)dîn (dîner)
3rd personm (,hie)ēne,en (ȫne,ȫn)ēme,em (ȫme,en)sîn (sîner)
nit (et)
f (,sie,sü̂)ēre,ēr (ērer,ȫrer)
plural1st person (,wie)uns (ûs,ös,ü̂sik)unser (ûser)
2nd person (,î) (jûwe,û,jük,gik)jûwer (ûwer)
3rd person (,sie)em,öm,jüm (en,ēnen,ȫnen)ēre,ēr (ērer,ȫrer)

For an explanation of the forms in bracketssee here.

Possessive pronoun:

Declension of sin
singularplural
masculineneuterfeminine
Strong declension
nominativesînsîne
accusativesînensînsîne
dativesînem(e) (sînennote)sîner(e)sînen
genitivesînessîner(e)
Weak declension
nominativesînesînen
accusativesînensînesînen
dativesînen
genitive

The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period.

Alternative forms
[edit]
  • sîner(for the genitive of the personal pronoun)

Etymology 2

[edit]

FromOld Saxonsīn.

Alternative forms

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

sîn

  1. tobe

Usage notes
[edit]
  • Wēsen is a verb with asuppletive conjugation based on multiple Proto-Germanic stems. For many verb forms, authors freely chose between forms based on the stemswēs- andsî-, withoutsemantic impact. This is also true for modern Low German and Dutch. For the forms based on thesî- stem, see the respective entry atwēsen.
Descendants
[edit]
  • German Low German:
    Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch:sin (past participle:west, alsowesen)
    Westphalian:
    Münsterländisch:syn (past participle:weßt),sien (past participle:west)
    Paderbornisch:seyn,syn (past participle:wiäsen)

Miskito

[edit]

Adverb

[edit]

sin

  1. also,too

Navajo

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Athabaskan*xʸən(shaman's power, medicine, song). Related to-YĮĮD(to be holy), fromProto-Athabaskan*ɣʸən(to act as a shaman, to be endowed with supernatural powers).

CompareAhtnasen(spiritual power, medicine),Koyukonsən(shaman's spirit),Gwich'inshan(shamanism, magic),Tlingitshí,shī,shi(n) (“sing, song”),Eyaktsį,Dena'inashen,Galicešan(song),Lipanshį̀.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

sin (possessed formbiyiin)

  1. song

Inflection

[edit]
Possessives ofsin
singularduopluralplural
1st personshiyiinnihiyiindanihiyiin
2nd personniyiinnihiyiindanihiyiin
3rd personbiyiin
4th person (3o)yiyiin
4th person (3a)hayiin
Indefinite (3i)ayiin

North Frisian

[edit]

Determiner

[edit]

sin

  1. (Sylt)his(third-person singular masculine possessive determiner)
  2. (Sylt)its(third-person singular neuterpossessive determiner)
  3. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring)feminine/neuter/plural ofsan(his, its”, Föhr-Amrum also “her)

Pronoun

[edit]

sin (plural(Sylt)sinen)

  1. (Sylt)his(third-person singular masculine possessive pronoun)
  2. (Sylt)its(third-person singular neuterpossessive pronoun)
  3. (Föhr-Amrum)feminine/neuter ofsan(his, hers, its)
  4. (Mooring)feminine/neuter/plural ofsan(his, its)

See also

[edit]
Personal and possessive pronouns (Föhr-Amrum dialect)
personalpossessive
subject caseobject casemasculine referentfeminine / neuter referentplural referent
fullreducedfullreducedattributiveindependent
singular1stik'kmimanminminen
2nddidandindinen
3rdmhi'rham'nsansinsinen
f ornhatat,'tat,'t
plural1stwi'füsüüsüüsen
üsens
2ndjam'mjamjaujauen
jamens
3rdjo'sjo'shörhören
hörens
  • The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. is deleted altogether in such contexts.
  • At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. Inreflexive use, only full object forms occur.
  • Dual formswat / onk andjat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine / hör.
  • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.
  • The formsüsens,jamens,hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation.
Personal and possessive pronouns (Mooring dialect)
personalpossessive
subject caseobject casemasculine
referent
feminine / neuter / plural
referent
fullreducedfullreduced
singular1stik'kmemanmin
2nddedandin
3rdmhi'rham'nsansin
f'shar'sharnhar
nhatet,'thamet,'tsansin
plural1stweüsüüsenüüs
2ndjam'mjamjarnge
3rdja'sja,jam'sjare

The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. is deleted altogether in such contexts.
Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject formhat is now rarely used. Inreflexive use, only full object forms occur.
Dual formswat / unk andjat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.

Personal and possessive pronouns (Sylt dialect)
personalpossessive
subject caseobject casesingular
referent
plural referent
fullreducedfullreducedattributiveindependent
singular1stik'kmiminminen
2nddidindinen
3rdmhi'rhöm'nsinsinen
f'shöör'shöörhöören
nhatet,'thömet,'tsinsinen
dual1stwatunkunkunken
2ndatjunkjunkjunken
3rdjatjam'sjaarjaaren
plural1stüüsüüsüüsen
2ndijuujuujuuen
3rdja'sjam'sjaarjaaren
  • The reduced forms with an apostrophe areenclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. is deleted altogether in such contexts.
  • Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject formhat is now rarely used. Inreflexive use, only full object forms occur.
  • The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects.
  • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

Northern Sami

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]
This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Pronoun

[edit]

sin

  1. accusative/genitive ofsii

Norwegian Bokmål

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Norsesinn.

Pronunciation

[edit]
This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Determiner

[edit]

sin m (femininesi,neutersitt,pluralsine)

  1. (reflexive pronoun)her /his /its /their
  2. indicating possession;'s,of
    Det var skolensin bil.
    It was the school's car.

See also

[edit]
    Personal pronouns inBokmål
NumberPersonTypeNominativeObliquePossessive
femininemasculineneuterplural
SingularFirstjegmegmiminmittmine
Secondgeneraldudegdidindittdine
formal (rare)DeDemDeres
Thirdfeminine (person)hunhennehennes
masculine (person)hanham /hanhans
feminine (noun)dendens
masculine (noun)
neuter (noun)detdets
reflexivesegsisinsittsine
PluralFirstviossvårvårtvåre
Secondgeneralderederes
formal (very rare)DeDemDeres
Thirdgeneraldedemderes
reflexivesegsisinsittsine

References

[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Norsesinn.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Determiner

[edit]

sin (masculinesin,femininesi,neutersitt,pluralsine)

  1. (reflexive pronoun)her/his/its/their
  2. indicating possession;'s,of
    Det var skulensin bil.
    It was the school’s car.

References

[edit]

Old Dutch

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-West Germanic*sīn.

Determiner

[edit]

sīn

  1. his,its,hers

Inflection

[edit]
Declension ofsin — Strong only
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativesīnsīnsīn
Accusativesīninsīnasīn
Genitivesīnissīnrosīnis
Dativesīninsīnrosīnin
Instrumentalsīninsīnrosīnin
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativesīnasīnasīna
Accusativesīnasīnasīna
Genitivesīnrosīnrosīnro
Dativesīnonsīnonsīnon
Instrumentalsīn-sīn-sīn-

Descendants

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • sīn (II)”, inOudnederlands Woordenboek,2012

Old English

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-West Germanic*sīn(his, her, its, their,genitive reflexive).

Cognate withOld Frisiansīn(his, its),Old Saxonsīn(his) (Middle Low Germansin),Dutchzijn,Old High Germansīn(his) (Germansein),Old Norsesínn(one's own),Old English(that, that one, he). More atthe.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Pronoun

[edit]

sīn

  1. (rare, chiefly dialectal, reflexive possessive pronoun)his;her;its;their
    • him ġewāt Hrōþgār tō hofesīnumFor him Hrothgar went tohis courtyard
    • þæt wīf tredeð midsīnum fōtumThe woman walks withher feet
    • þeċ heriað Israhēla, herransīnneIsrael plunders you,their lord
    • Bær sēo brimwylf hringa þengel tō hofesīnumThe sea-wolf carried the Prince of Rings toher lair

Usage notes

[edit]
  • Usually occurs in non-West Saxon dialects; rarely occurs in West Saxon prose, where it was replaced early on by the genitive forms:his,hire, andheora.

Declension

[edit]
Declension ofsīn — Strong only
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativesīnsīnsīn
Accusativesīnnesīnesīn
Genitivesīnessīnresīnes
Dativesīnumsīnresīnum
Instrumentalsīnesīnresīne
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativesīnesīna,sīnesīn
Accusativesīnesīna,sīnesīn
Genitivesīnrasīnrasīnra
Dativesīnumsīnumsīnum
Instrumentalsīnumsīnumsīnum

Old Frisian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-West Germanic*sīn(his, her, its, their,genitive reflexive).

Cognate withOld Englishsīn(his, her, its, their),Old Saxonsīn(his) (Middle Low Germansin),Dutchzijn,Old High Germansīn(his) (Germansein),Old Norsesínn(one's own),Old English(that, that one, he).

Determiner

[edit]

sīn

  1. his
  2. its

Declension

[edit]
Declension ofsīn — Strong only
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativesīnsīn,sīnesīn
Accusativesīnene,sīnnesīnesīn
Genitivesīnessīnere,sīnresīnes
Dativesīnesīnere,sīnresīne
Plural
Nominativesīne
Accusativesīne
Genitivesīnera,sīnra
Dativesīne

Descendants

[edit]
  • Saterland Frisian:sin
  • West Frisian:syn

Pronoun

[edit]

sīn

  1. genitive of:his
  2. genitive ofhit:its

Declension

[edit]
Old Frisian personal pronoun declensions
nominativeaccusativedativegenitive
singular1st personikmīn
2nd personthūthīthīthīn
3rd
person
mhinehimsīn
fhiū,hiōhiāhire,hiārehire,hiāre
nhithithimsīn
plural1st personūsūsūser
2nd person,,jūwer
3rd personhiāhiāhim,hirem,hiāremhira,hiāra

Old High German

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-West Germanic*sinn.

Noun

[edit]

sin m

  1. sense
  2. mind
  3. spirit
  4. thought
  5. intention

Declension

[edit]
Declension ofsin (masculine a-stem)
casesingularplural
nominativesinsina
accusativesinsina
genitivesinessino
dativesinesinum
instrumentalsinu

Synonyms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014

Old Irish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Celtic*sindos (compareWelshhyn), fromProto-Indo-European*sḗm(one) or*só(that); strong doublet ofin(the).

Determiner

[edit]

sin

  1. that,those(used after the noun, which is preceded by thedefinite article)
    Synonym:tall
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb.14c23
      co beid .i. co mbed a ndédesin im labrad-sa .i. gáuet fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélibet aní imme·rádin ó chridiu
      so that there may be, i.e. so thatthose two things might be in my speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] lips and what I might think with [my] heart might be different
    • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26b7
      De dliguth trá inna n-il-toimddensin, is de gaibthi “igitur”;quasi dixisset “Ní fail ní nád taí mo dligeth-sa fair i ndegaid na comroircnech.”
      Of the law then, ofthose many opinions, it is thereof that he recites “igitur”; as if he had said, “There is nothing which my law does not touch upon after the erroneous ones.

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Pronoun

[edit]

sin

  1. that(as a direct object, used together with a clitic pronoun)
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb.14d26
      Is i persin Crist da·gníu-sasin.
      It is in the person of Christ that I do that.

Derived terms

[edit]

Old Norse

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Germanic*senawō.

Noun

[edit]

sin f (genitivesinar)

  1. cord,tendon,sinew;nerve

Further reading

[edit]
  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “sin”, inA Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at theInternet Archive

Old Saxon

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromProto-West Germanic*sīn.

Determiner

[edit]

sīn m orn

  1. (dialectal, reflexive possessive pronoun)his,its
    • 9th c.Heliand, verse 178:
      uundrodun alla bihuuī he thar sō lango frāonsīnun thionon thorfti
      they all wondered who he should need for so long to servehis Lords
    • verse 3832:
      selliad, that tharsīn ist: that sculun iuuua seolon uuesen
      Bring that which is his, that shall be your souls
Declension
[edit]
Declension ofsīn
Strong declension
singularplural
masculineneuterfemininemasculineneuterfeminine
nominativesīnsīnsīnsīnesīnusīne
accusativesīnanasīnsīnasīnesīnusīne
genitivesīnessīnessīnarosīnarōsīnarōsīnarō
dativesīnumusīnumusīnarosīnumsīnumsīnum
Weak declension
singularplural
masculineneuterfeminine
nominativesīnosīnasīnasīnu
accusativesīnunsīnasīnunsīnun
genitivesīnunsīnunsīnunsīnonō
dativesīnunsīnunsīnunsīnum
Descendants
[edit]

See also

[edit]
Old Saxon personal pronouns
nominativeaccusativedativegenitive
singular1st personik,me,mikmīn
2nd personthūthī,thikthīthīn
3rd
person
minaimuis
fsiusiairuira
nititis
dual1st personwitunkunkero,unka
2nd persongitinkinker,inka
plural1st person,weūs,unsikūsūser
2nd person,geeu,iu,iuueuwar,iuwer,iuwar,iuwero,iuwera
3rd
person
msiaimiro
fsia
nsiu

Etymology 2

[edit]

FromProto-Indo-European*h₁es-(to be, exist) (with some parts fromProto-Germanic*wesaną(to be)). Cognate withOld Dutchsīn(to be),Old Englishsēon(to be),Old High Germansīn. More atsooth.

Verb

[edit]

sīn(irregular)

  1. tobe(more atwesan)
Conjugation
[edit]
Conjugation ofsīn (irregular,suppletive)
infinitivesīn
indicativepresentpast
1st person singular*em,*imwas
2nd person singular*art*wāri
3rd person singularist,iswas
pluralsind,sindun,*arunwārun
subjunctivepresentpast
1st person singularwāri
2nd person singularsīswāris
3rd person singularwāri
pluralsīnwārin
imperativepresent
singularwes,wis
pluralwesad,wesat,wesath
participlepresentpast
wesandigiwesan
Descendants
[edit]

Old Spanish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromLatinsine.

Preposition

[edit]

sin

  1. without
    • c.1200,Cantar del Mio Cid:
      Vio puertas abiertas e uçossin cannados
      He saw open doors and gateswithout locks

Antonyms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Old Swedish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Old Norsesínn,sinn fromProto-Germanic*sīnaz.

Determiner

[edit]

sin

  1. (Reflexive possessive third person determiner.)his (own),her (own),its (own),their (own)

Picard

[edit]

Pronoun

[edit]

sin m

  1. his,hers orits

Romanian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Church Slavonicсꙑнъ(synŭ), fromProto-Slavic*synъ(son).

Noun

[edit]

sin m (uncountable)

  1. (dated, regional)son of(inpatronymics)

Declension

[edit]
Declension ofsin
singular onlyindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativesinsinul
genitive-dativesinsinului
vocativesinule

Saterland Frisian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Frisiansīn, fromProto-West Germanic*sīn. Cognates includeWest Frisiansyn andGermansein.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Determiner

[edit]

sin (femininesien,neutersien,pluralsien,predicativesinnen)

  1. his

See also

[edit]
Saterland Frisian possessives
possessive determinerspossessive pronouns
masculine
referent
other
referent
masculine
referent
other
referent
singular1stminmienminnenmienen
2nddindiendinnendienen
3rdm ornsinsiensinnensienen
fhierehierens
plural1stuusuzen
2ndjoujouens
3rdhierehierens

References

[edit]
  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “sin”, inSaterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske,→ISBN

Scottish Gaelic

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromMiddle Irish[Term?], fromOld Irishsin. Cognates includeIrishsin andManxshen.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Pronoun

[edit]

sin

  1. that
    Dè thasin?What isthat?

Usage notes

[edit]
  • With the definite article, used as a determiner:
    an gillesinthat boy (literally, “the boythat”)

Derived terms

[edit]

See also

[edit]
Scottish Gaelic demonstratives
pronounadverb
proximalseoan seo
medialsinan sin
distalsiudan siud

References

[edit]
  1. ^Oftedal, M. (1956)A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  2. ^Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941)A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. II: The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  3. ^John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, page 150
  4. ^Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937)The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  5. ^Seanchas Shlèite

Further reading

[edit]
  • Colin Mark (2003) “sin”, inThe Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge,→ISBN, page526

Serbo-Croatian

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromProto-Slavic*synъ, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*sū́ˀnus, fromProto-Indo-European*suHnús.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

sȋn m (Cyrillic spellingси̑н)

  1. son
Declension
[edit]
Declension ofsin
singularplural
nominativesȋnsȉnovi
genitivesȋnasȉnōvā
dativesȋnusȉnovima
accusativesȋnasȉnove
vocativesȋnesȉnovi
locativesínusȉnovima
instrumentalsȋnomsȉnovima

Etymology 2

[edit]

FromHebrewש.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

sȉn m (Cyrillic spellingси̏н)

  1. sin (letter of various Semitic abjads)
Declension
[edit]
Declension ofsin
singularplural
nominativesinsini
genitivesinasina
dativesinusinima
accusativesinasine
vocativesinesini
locativesinusinima
instrumentalsinomsinima

Slovene

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Slavic*synъ, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*sū́ˀnus, fromProto-Indo-European*suHnús.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

sȋn anim

  1. son

Inflection

[edit]
Declension ofsin
nom. sing.sin
gen. sing.sina
singulardualplural
nominativesinsinovasinovi
accusativesin / sinusinovasinove
genitivesinasinovsinov
dativesinusinovomasinovom
locativesinusinovihsinovih
instrumentalsinomsinovomasinovi

Further reading

[edit]
  • sin”, inSlovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene),2014–2025

Spanish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromOld Spanishsin, fromLatinsine. Cognate withEnglishsans,Frenchsans,Italiansenza, andPortuguesesem.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Preposition

[edit]

sin

  1. without
    Antonym:con

Derived terms

[edit]

Further reading

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Swedish

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Alternative forms

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  • ſin(obsolete typography)

Etymology 1

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Nominalisation ofsina(run dry).

Noun

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sin ?

  1. Dryness, the state of having run dry.
Usage notes
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Most commonly used when referring to either milk or funds.

Etymology 2

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FromOld Swedishsīn, fromOld Norsesínn, fromProto-Germanic*sīnaz. Cognate withDanishsin,Gothic𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃(seins),Germansein,Dutchzijn.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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sin c (neutersitt,pluralsina)

  1. his (own),her (own),its (own),their (own).(Reflexive possessive third person pronoun).
    Han hämtadesin post för tio minuter sedan.
    He picked uphis (own) mail ten minutes ago.
    Compare:
    Han hämtade hans post för tio minuter sedan.
    He picked up his (somebody else’s) mail ten minutes ago.
    Hon samlarsina dikter i en låda.
    She collectsher poems in a box.
    Hunden tycker inte omsitt halsband.
    The dog doesn’t likeits collar.
    De togsina papper och lämnade mötet.
    They gatheredtheir papers and left the meeting.
Usage notes
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  • The inflection of the wordsin is determined by the gender and number of the object:sin for common singular,sitt for neuter singular, andsina for plural, just like an adjective.
Declension
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Swedish personal pronouns
NumberPersonnominativeobliquepossessive
commonneuterplural
singularfirstjagmig,mej3minmittmina
seconddudig,dej3dindittdina
thirdmasculine (person)hanhonom,han2,en5hans
feminine (person)honhenne,na5hennes
gender-neutral (person)1henhen,henom7hens
common (noun)dendendess
neuter (noun)detdetdess
indefinitemanoren4enens
reflexivesig,sej3sinsittsina
pluralfirstviossvår,våran2vårt,vårat2våra
secondnierer,eran2,ers6ert,erat2era
archaicIedereder,eders6edertedra
thirdde,dom3dem,dom3deras
reflexivesig,sej3sinsittsina
1Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, though it remains limited.
2Informal
4Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative toman, to avoid association to the male gender.
5Informal, somewhat dialectal
6Formal address
7Discouraged by theSwedish Language Council

Tatar

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Pronoun

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sin

  1. you (singular),thou

Turkish

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Turkic*sï(y)n(monument, tomb).[1]

Noun

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sin (definite accusativesini,pluralsinler)

  1. (dated)grave, burial place
Inflection
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Declension ofsin
singularplural
nominativesinsinler
definite accusativesinisinleri
dativesinesinlere
locativesindesinlerde
ablativesindensinlerden
genitivesininsinlerin

References

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  1. ^Starostin, Sergei,Dybo, Anna,Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*sɨ(j)n”, inEtymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Etymology 2

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FromArabicسِين(sīn).

Noun

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sin

  1. Letter of the Arabic alphabet:س

Uzbek

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromArabicسِين(sīn).

Noun

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sin (pluralsinlar)

  1. the Arabic letterس

Declension

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Declension ofsin
singularplural
nominativesinsinlar
genitivesinningsinlarning
dativesingasinlarga
definite accusativesinnisinlarni
locativesindasinlarda
ablativesindansinlardan
similativesindeksinlardek
Possessive forms ofsin
1st person singular
singularplural
nominativesinimsinlarim
genitivesinimningsinlarimning
dativesinimgasinlarimga
definite accusativesinimnisinlarimni
locativesinimdasinlarimda
ablativesinimdansinlarimdan
similativesinimdeksinlarimdek
2nd person singular
singularplural
nominativesiningsinlaring
genitivesiningningsinlaringning
dativesininggasinlaringga
definite accusativesiningnisinlaringni
locativesiningdasinlaringda
ablativesiningdansinlaringdan
similativesiningdeksinlaringdek
3rd person singular
singularplural
nominativesinisinlari
genitivesininingsinlarining
dativesinigasinlariga
definite accusativesininisinlarini
locativesinidasinlarida
ablativesinidansinlaridan
similativesinideksinlaridek
1st person plural
singularplural
nominativesinimizsinlarimiz
genitivesinimizningsinlarimizning
dativesinimizgasinlarimizga
definite accusativesinimiznisinlarimizni
locativesinimizdasinlarimizda
ablativesinimizdansinlarimizdan
similativesinimizdeksinlarimizdek
2nd person plural
singularplural
nominativesiningizsinlaringiz
genitivesiningizningsinlaringizning
dativesiningizgasinlaringizga
definite accusativesiningiznisinlaringizni
locativesiningizdasinlaringizda
ablativesiningizdansinlaringizdan
similativesiningizdeksinlaringizdek
3rd person plural
singularplural
nominativesinisinlari
genitivesininingsinlarining
dativesinigasinlariga
definite accusativesininisinlarini
locativesinidasinlarida
ablativesinidansinlaridan
similativesinideksinlaridek

Vietnamese

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Etymology

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Fromtranslingualsin, fromEnglishsine, fromLatinsinus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin

  1. (trigonometry)sine
    Sinđihọc. Coskhông. Tangđoànkết. Cotang kết đoàn.
    SOH-CAH-TOA
    (literally, “Sine goes to school. Cosine isn't naughty. Tangent unifies. Cotangent does too.”)

See also

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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PIE word
*(s)ḱeh₃-

FromEnglishscene, fromMiddle Frenchscene, fromLatinscaena,scēna, fromAncient Greekσκηνή(skēnḗ,scene, stage), ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*(s)ḱeh₃ih₂, fromProto-Indo-European*(s)ḱeh₃-(darkness, shadow).Doublet ofcysgod(shade, shadow).

Noun

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sin f (pluralsinau,not mutable)

  1. scene(social environment)
    ysin bop Gymraegthe Welsh-language popscene

Etymology 2

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FromEnglishsine, fromLatinsinus(curve, bend; bosom), a translation ofArabicجَيْب(jayb,bosom), fromSanskritज्या(jyā,sine, chord, bowstring) throughSanskritजीव(jīva,sine, chord, life, existence).Doublet ofsinws(sinus).

Noun

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sin m (pluralsinau,not mutable)

  1. (trigonometry, differential geometry)sine
Related terms
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Etymology 3

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FromMiddle Englishsine, fromOld Frenchsigne, fromLatinsignum, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*sek-(to cut) or*sekʷ-(to follow);Doublet ofsygn (“astrological sign”).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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sin m (pluralsinau,not mutable)

  1. (obsolete)sign
    Synonym:arwydd
  2. (obsolete)symbol
    Synonym:symbol
  3. (obsolete)emblem
    Synonym:arwyddlun

References

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sin”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sin”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

West Frisian

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Etymology

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FromOld Frisiansinn, fromProto-West Germanic*sinn.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin c (pluralsinnen,diminutivesintsje)

  1. sentence(syntactic unit containing a subject and a predicate)
  2. sense(means of experiencing the external world)
  3. meaning,sense,significance

Further reading

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  • sin”, inWurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch),2011

Noun

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sin n (pluralsinnen,diminutivesintsje)

  1. mood
  2. opinion,view

Further reading

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  • sin”, inWurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch),2011

Yoruba

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sìn

  1. (transitive) toworship adeity; torevere
  2. (transitive) toserve
Usage notes
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  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sìn

  1. (transitive) todomesticate ananimal orplant
Usage notes
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  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sìn

  1. (transitive) togive agirl away inmarriage
Usage notes
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  • sin before a direct object

Etymology 4

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sìn

  1. (transitive) toaccompany orescort someone; tokeep company of someone; toguide
Usage notes
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  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
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Etymology 5

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sìn

  1. (transitive) toserve, towork for someone
Usage notes
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  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
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Etymology 6

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sìn

  1. (transitive) todemand something from someone torecover it
Usage notes
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  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
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Etymology 7

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sin

  1. (transitive) tobury insoil
Derived terms
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Etymology 8

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sin

  1. (transitive) toliehidden, toremainsecret
    ọ̀rọ̀ náà sinthe matterremains secret

Etymology 9

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sín

  1. (transitive, usually withgbẹ́rẹ́) toincise thebody(usually in the process of traditional rituals)
    Synonym:síngbẹ́rẹ́
Derived terms
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Etymology 10

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sín

  1. (intransitive) tosneeze
Derived terms
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Etymology 11

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sín

  1. (intransitive) tostring orpiece thingstogether
    Synonym:
Derived terms
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Etymology 12

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sín

  1. (intransitive) tocrack anut(to reach the inner seed or kernel)
Derived terms
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Zhuang

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Etymology

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FromChinese (MC sin).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sin (Sawndip form,1957–1982 spellingsin)

  1. the eighth of the tenheavenly stems

See also

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