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sataa

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Finnish

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Finnic*satadak(to fall), fromProto-Uralic*śada-, possibly fromIndo-Iranian.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsɑtɑːˣ/,[ˈs̠ɑ̝t̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes:-ɑtɑː
  • Hyphenation(key):sa‧taa

Verb

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sataa(transitive, usuallyatelic, impersonal)

  1. (meteorology) toprecipitate(to have water in the air fall to the ground): torain,snow,sleet,hail
    sataa kaatamallatorain cats and dogs
    Sataa (vettä).It's raining.
    Huomennasataa, mutta emme tiedä, tuleeko se vetenä vai lumena.
    It willprecipitate tomorrow, but we don't know whether as rain or snow.
  2. (also figuratively) torain(fall down from the sky like rain)
    Minä menen ulos, vaikka (taivaalta)sataisi puukkoja!
    I'm going out even ifit's raining knives!
    (literally, “I'm going out even if knivesshould be falling from the sky!”)
Usage notes
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  • The same verb is used for all kinds of precipitation, whether it be rain, snow, sleet, hail or something else. If there is no context for which one is meant,sataa on its own is generally understood to refer to rain. The kind can be explicitly specified with modifiers:
    sataa vettätorain
    sataa tihkuatodrizzle
    sataa luntatosnow
    sataa räntäätosleet
    sataa rakeitatohail
  • Although this verb can be used alone (as the single wordsataa), it is very often used with an adverb of place, for examplesiellä(there). Since such adverbs are usually added without any literal meaning, they often don't need to be translated, but similar idiomatic use exists in English and other languages:
    (Siellä)sataa.
    It's raining (out/outside).
Conjugation
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Inflection ofsataa (Kotus type 56*F/kaivaa,t-d gradation)
indicative mood
present tenseperfect
personpositivenegativepersonpositivenegative
1st sing.sadanensada1st sing.olensatanuten olesatanut
2nd sing.sadatetsada2nd sing.oletsatanutet olesatanut
3rd sing.sataaeisada3rd sing.onsatanutei olesatanut
1st plur.sadammeemmesada1st plur.olemmesataneetemme olesataneet
2nd plur.sadatteettesada2nd plur.olettesataneetette olesataneet
3rd plur.satavateivätsada3rd plur.ovatsataneeteivät olesataneet
passivesadetaaneisadetapassiveonsadettuei olesadettu
past tensepluperfect
personpositivenegativepersonpositivenegative
1st sing.sadoinensatanut1st sing.olinsatanuten ollutsatanut
2nd sing.sadoitetsatanut2nd sing.olitsatanutet ollutsatanut
3rd sing.satoieisatanut3rd sing.olisatanutei ollutsatanut
1st plur.sadoimmeemmesataneet1st plur.olimmesataneetemme olleetsataneet
2nd plur.sadoitteettesataneet2nd plur.olittesataneetette olleetsataneet
3rd plur.satoivateivätsataneet3rd plur.olivatsataneeteivät olleetsataneet
passivesadettiineisadettupassiveolisadettuei ollutsadettu
conditional mood
presentperfect
personpositivenegativepersonpositivenegative
1st sing.sataisinensataisi1st sing.olisinsatanuten olisisatanut
2nd sing.sataisitetsataisi2nd sing.olisitsatanutet olisisatanut
3rd sing.sataisieisataisi3rd sing.olisisatanutei olisisatanut
1st plur.sataisimmeemmesataisi1st plur.olisimmesataneetemme olisisataneet
2nd plur.sataisitteettesataisi2nd plur.olisittesataneetette olisisataneet
3rd plur.sataisivateivätsataisi3rd plur.olisivatsataneeteivät olisisataneet
passivesadettaisiineisadettaisipassiveolisisadettuei olisisadettu
imperative mood
presentperfect
personpositivenegativepersonpositivenegative
1st sing.1st sing.
2nd sing.sadaäläsada2nd sing.
3rd sing.satakoonälköönsatako3rd sing.olkoonsatanutälköön olkosatanut
1st plur.satakaammeälkäämmesatako1st plur.
2nd plur.satakaaälkääsatako2nd plur.
3rd plur.satakootälköötsatako3rd plur.olkootsataneetälkööt olkosataneet
passivesadettakoonälköönsadettakopassiveolkoonsadettuälköön olkosadettu
potential mood
presentperfect
personpositivenegativepersonpositivenegative
1st sing.satanenensatane1st sing.lienensatanuten lienesatanut
2nd sing.satanetetsatane2nd sing.lienetsatanutet lienesatanut
3rd sing.sataneeeisatane3rd sing.lieneesatanutei lienesatanut
1st plur.satanemmeemmesatane1st plur.lienemmesataneetemme lienesataneet
2nd plur.satanetteettesatane2nd plur.lienettesataneetette lienesataneet
3rd plur.satanevateivätsatane3rd plur.lienevätsataneeteivät lienesataneet
passivesadettaneeneisadettanepassivelieneesadettuei lienesadettu
Nominal forms
infinitivesparticiples
activepassiveactivepassive
1stsataapresentsatavasadettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Personsing.plur.
1stsataaksenisataaksemme
2ndsataaksesisataaksenne
3rdsataakseen
sataaksensa
pastsatanutsadettu
2ndinessive2sataessasadettaessaagent4satama
Possessive forms
Personsing.plur.
1stsataessanisataessamme
2ndsataessasisataessanne
3rdsataessaan
sataessansa
negativesatamaton
instructivesataen
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the-ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative formsataa does not exhibitfinal gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rdinessivesatamassa
elativesatamasta
illativesatamaan
adessivesatamalla
abessivesatamatta
instructivesatamansadettaman
4th3verbal nounsataminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Personsing.plur.
1stsatamaisillanisatamaisillamme
2ndsatamaisillasisatamaisillanne
3rdsatamaisillaan
satamaisillansa
Derived terms
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nouns
verbs

References

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  1. ^Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “sataa”, inSuomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved2024-01-01

Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Numeral

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sataa

  1. partitivesingular ofsata
    sata, kaksisataa, kolmesataa...onehundred, twohundred, threehundred...
    Hän yrittää hoitaasataa asiaa samanaikaisesti.
    She's trying to manage ahundred things at the same time.

Anagrams

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Votic

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sataa

  1. Alternative spelling ofsatta

References

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  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012)Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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