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saddle

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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WOTD – 13 December 2022
An “English-style” saddle(noun sense 1) used forridinghorses.
A saddle orharness saddle(noun sense 1.2), which is used tosupport theweight ofpoles orshaftsattaching avehicle to the horse.
The saddle(noun sense 1.4) orimmovableseat of abicycle.
The Homer Saddle(noun sense 2.1) inFiordland,New Zealand. Theroad toMilford Sound goes through theHomer Tunnel beneath it.
Adiagram of a saddle(noun sense 2.6) oranticline.
The saddle(noun sense 2.7) orsaddle point on thisgraph ofz=x2−y2{\displaystyle z=x^{2}-y^{2}} is thepoint marked in red.
The saddle(noun sense 2.8.2) of astring instrument like aviolin is theobject on which thetailgut—thecordsecuring thetailpiece(number 2) to theend button(number 12)—rests.
Anadultharp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) has a saddle(noun sense 2.10.3) on itsback.
Brown saddles(noun sense 2.10.3) on aboa constrictor (Boa constrictor).
A saddle(noun sense 2.11.1) is apiece ofleather across theinstep of ashoe, usually having adifferentcolour from therest of the shoe. Such a shoe (asaddle oxford orsaddle shoe) can also be called a saddle(noun sense 2.11.2).

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishsadel, fromOld Englishsadol, fromProto-West Germanic*sadul, fromProto-Germanic*sadulaz(“saddle”). Further etymology uncertain, perhaps fromProto-Indo-European*sod-dʰlo-, from*sed-(“to sit”) +*-dʰlom (a variant of*-trom(suffix formingnouns denoting instruments or tools)), though theOxford English Dictionary says this “presents formal difficulties”.[1]

Cognates

Noun

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saddle (pluralsaddles)

  2. Aseat for arider, typicallymade ofleather andraised in thefront andrear,placed on theback of ahorse or otheranimal, andsecured by astrap around the animal'sbody.
    • 1634,T[homas] H[erbert], “The Death of SirDodmore Cotton Ambassadour, at Cazbeen”, inA Relation of Some Yeares Trauaile, Begunne Anno 1626. into Afrique and the Greater Asia, […], London: […] William Stansby, and Jacob Bloome,→OCLC,page126:
      His [Cotton's] Horſe vvas led before, vvith a mourning VeluetSaddle on his backe, his Coffin had a Crimſon Sattin Quilt lined with purple Silke, ouer him vvas laid his Bible, Svvord and Hat:[…]
    • 1652 June 21 (Gregorian calendar),John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 11 June 1652]”, inWilliam Bray, editor,Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London:Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published1819,→OCLC,page266:
      My horse's bridle they [robbers] slipt, and search'd yesaddle, which they pull'd off, but let the horse graze, and then turning againe bridl'd him and tied him to a tree, yet so as he might graze, and thus left me bound.
    • 1731 (date written; published1745),[Jonathan] Swift, “V (Directions to the Groom)”, inDirections to Servants […], London: […] R[obert] Dodsley, […], and M. Cooper, […],→OCLC,page152:
      Consider your master's health, and rather than let him take long journeys,[…] leave one of his horse's fore shoes loose in the morning; or contrive that thesaddle may pinch the beast in the withers; or keep him without corn all night and morning, so that he may tire on the road;[…]
    • [1877],Anna Sewell, “An Old War Horse”, inBlack Beauty: […], London:Jarrold and Sons, […],→OCLC, part III,page164:
      I saw many brave men cut down, many fall mortally wounded from theirsaddles.
    • 1922 (date written; published1926),T[homas] E[dward] Lawrence, “Book I: The Discovery of Feisal. Chapter X.”, inSeven Pillars of Wisdom: A Triumph, Garden City, N.Y.:Doubleday, Doran & Company, published1937,→OCLC,page76:
      So he made the best of it, and prepared for me his own splendid riding-camel, saddled with his ownsaddle, and hung with luxurious housings and cushions of Nejd leather-work pierced and inlaid in various colours, with plaited fringes and nets embroidered with metal tissues.
    1. Asimilarimplementused to securegoods to animals; apacksaddle.
    2. Synonym ofharness saddle(“thepart of aharness whichsupports theweight ofpoles orshaftsattaching avehicle to a horse or other animal”)
    3. Acushion used as a seat in acart or other vehicle.
    4. Theimmovable seat of abicycle,motorcycle, or similar vehicle.
    5. (by extension)
      1. Chiefly preceded bythe:horse-riding as anactivity oroccupation.
        • 1544 (date written; published1571),Roger Ascham,Toxophilus, the Schole, or Partitions, of Shooting. […], London: […] Thomas Marshe,→OCLC; republished inThe English Works of Roger Ascham, […], London: […] R[obert] andJ[ames] Dodsley, […], andJ[ohn] Newbery, […],1761,→OCLC, book 2,page212:
          [A] good horſeman,[…] is ſkilfull to knovv, and hable to tell others, hovv, by certain ſure ſignes, a man may choiſe a colte, that is like to prove an other day excellent for theſaddle.
        • 1607, Conradus Gesnerus [i.e.,Conrad Gessner],Edward Topsell, “Of the Camell Dromedarie”, inThe Historie of Foure-footed Beastes. […], London: […] William Iaggard,→OCLC,page99:
          [A]nd the third ſort [of camel] are calledRagnahil, vvhich are of lovver ſtature and learner bodies then the reſidue, vnfit for burthen, and therefore are vſed for theſaddle, by all the Noble men ofNumidia,Arabia, andLibia:[…]
          Applied to camel-riding.
        • 1835, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], “Looking after the Halter when the Mare is Stolen”, inRienzi, the Last of the Tribunes. […], volume I, London: Saunders and Otley, […],→OCLC, book II (The Revolution),page285:
          Well said!—are thy friends ripe for thesaddle?
        • 1837,Washington Irving, chapter VI, inThe Rocky Mountains: Or, Scenes, Incidents, and Adventures in the Far West; […], volume I, Philadelphia, Pa.:[Henry Charles] Carey,[Isaac] Lea, & Blanchard,→OCLC,page74:
          He travelled in company with them until they reached the Sweet Water; then taking a couple of horses, one for thesaddle, and the other as a packhorse, he started off express for Pierre's Hole, to make arrangements against their arrival, that he might commence his hunting campaign before the rival company.
        • 1859,Alfred Tennyson, “Elaine”, inIdylls of the King, London:Edward Moxon & Co., […],→OCLC,page152:
          'Sir King, mine ancient wound is hardly whole, / And lets me from thesaddle;' and the King / Glanced first at him, then her, and went his way.
      2. Synonym ofsaddle brown(“amediumbrowncolour, like that of saddle leather”)
        saddle: 
  3. Somethingresembling a saddle(sense 1) inappearance orshape.
    1. Alowpoint, in the shape of a saddle, betweentwohills.
      • 1697,William Dampier, chapter IX, inA New Voyage Round the World. […], London: […] James Knapton, […],→OCLC,page267:
        The HillZeliſco bore S.E. vvhich is a very high Hill in the Country, vvith aSaddle or bending on the top.
      • 1922 (date written; published1926),T[homas] E[dward] Lawrence, “Book III: A Railway Diversion. Chapter XXXI.”, inSeven Pillars of Wisdom: A Triumph, Garden City, N.Y.:Doubleday, Doran & Company, published1937,→OCLC,page180:
        [W]e had to dismount and lead our animals [camels] up a narrow hill-path with broken steps of rock so polished by long years of passing feet that they were dangerous in wet weather.[…] After fifteen minutes of this we were glad to reach a highsaddle on which former travellers had piled little cairns of commemoration and thankfulness.
      • 1960 December, Voyageur[pseudonym], “The Mountain Railways of the Bernese Oberland”, inTrains Illustrated, London:Ian Allan Publishing,→ISSN,→OCLC, page752:
        So we continue climbing to thesaddle of the Kleine Scheidegg, where ahead there comes into view the wide expanse of the Grindelwald valley, backed by the snowy crown of the Wetterhorn.
      • 1977,John Le Carré [pseudonym; David John Moore Cornwell], “Nelson”, inThe Honourable Schoolboy, London:Hodder and Stoughton,→ISBN,page514:
        With Lizzie leading, they scrambled quickly over several false peaks towards thesaddle.
    2. Acut ofmeat thatincludes bothloins and part of thebackbone.
      • 1847, Margaret Dods [pseudonym;Christian Isobel Johnstone], “Roasting”, inThe Cook and Housewife’s Manual. […], 8th edition, Edinburgh:Oliver & Boyd; London;Simpkin, Marshall, & Co.,→OCLC, paragraph 19,pages106–107:
        To roast a leg, haunch, orsaddle of mutton.[…] A modern refinement is to putlaver in the dripping-pan, which, in basting, imparts a highgout; or a largesaddle may be served over a pound and a half oflaver, stewed in brown sauce with catsup and seasonings.
      • 1958,Anthony Burgess, chapter 6, inThe Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), London:William Heinemann, published1979,→ISBN,page71:
        Certainly, in the gravy soups, turbot, hare, roastsaddles, cabinet puddings, boiled eggs at tea-time and bread and butter and meat paste with the morning tray, one tasted one's own decadence: a tradition had been preserved in order to humiliate. Perhaps it really was time the British limped out of Malaya.
    3. (construction)
      1. Asmallsloped ortaperedstructure thathelpschannelsurface water todrains.(Can weverify(+) this sense?)
      2. Theraisedfloorboard in adoorway.(Can weverify(+) this sense?)
    4. (dentistry) The part of adenture whichholds theartificialteeth.
    5. (engineering) Anequipment part, such as aflange, which ishollowed out tofit upon aconvexsurface andserve as ameans ofattachment orsupport.
      • 1944 November and December, “Modified G.W.R. "Hall" Class Locomotives”, inRailway Magazine, page350:
        […] with this arrangement the cylinders are cast separately from thesaddle, and bolted to the frames on each side with a fabricated stiffener between the frames. This stiffener is carried up to form thesaddle for the smokebox, and within it is fitted the exhaust pipes from the cylinders to the blast pipe.
    6. (geology) Ananticline(“fold withstrataslopingdownwards on eachside”); specifically, adepressionlocated along theaxialtrend of such a fold.
      1. (chiefly Australia, mining)Synonym ofsaddle reef(“a saddle-shapedbeddedmineral (usuallygold-bearingquartz)veinoccurring along thecrest of an anticline or(less common) asyncline (aninverted saddle)”)
    7. (geometry)Synonym ofsaddle point(“a point in therange of asmoothfunction, everyneighbourhood of whichcontains points on each side of itstangentplane”)
    8. (lutherie)
      1. The part of aguitar which supports thestrings and, in anacoustic guitar,transfers theirvibrations through thebridge to thesoundboard.
      2. A smallobject (traditionally made ofebony) at the bottom of astring instrument such as acello,viola, orviolin below thetailpiece on which thetailgut(“cord securing the tailpiece to theinstrument”)rests.
    9. (nautical) Ablock ofwood withconcave depressions at thetop andbottom, usuallyfastened to onespar andshaped toreceive theend of another.
    10. (zoology)
      1. Theclitellum of anearthworm (familyLumbricidae).
      2. Thelower part of the back of adomesticfowl, especially amalebird, bearing thesaddle feathers orsaddle hackles.
      3. In fullsaddle markingorsaddle patch: asaddle-likemarking on an animal, such as one on the back of anadultharp seal orsaddleback seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus), or any ofnumerous such markings on aboa constrictor (Boa constrictor).
    11. (originally and chiefly Canada, US)
      1. A piece of leatherstitched across theinstep of ashoe, usually having adifferentcolour from therest of the shoe.
      2. Synonym ofsaddle oxfordorsaddle shoe (“a shoe,resembling anoxford, which has a saddle(sense 11.1)”)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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seat for a rider placed on the back of a horse or other animal
similar implement used to secure goods to animals—seepacksaddle
synonym of harness saddle—seeharness saddle
cushion used as a seat in a cart or other vehicle
immovable seat of a bicycle, motorcycle, or similar vehicle
horse-riding as an activity or occupation—seehorseriding
synonym of saddle brown—seesaddle brown
something resembling a saddle in appearance or shape
low point, in the shape of a saddle, between two hills
cut of meat that includes both loins and part of the backbone
small sloped or tapered structure that helps channel surface water to drains
raised floorboard in a doorway
part of a denture which holds the artificial teeth
equipment part which is hollowed out to fit upon a convex surface and serve as a means of attachment or support
synonym of anticline—seeanticline
depression located along the axial trend of an anticline
synonym of saddle reef—seesaddle reef
synonym of saddle point—seesaddle point
part of a guitar which supports the strings
small object at the bottom of a string instrument below the tailpiece on which the tailgut rests
block of wood with concave depressions at the top and bottom, usually fastened to one spar and shaped to receive the end of another
clitellum of an earthworm—seeclitellum
lower part of the back of a domestic fowl, especially a male bird, bearing the saddle feathers
saddle-like marking on an animal
piece of leather stitched across the instep of a shoe, usually having a different colour from the rest of the shoe
synonym of saddle oxfordor saddle shoe—seesaddle shoe

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishsadelen(“to put a saddle on (an animal), to saddle”) [and other forms],[2] fromOld Englishsadolian,sadelian,sadilian(“to saddle”), fromProto-Germanic*sadulōną(“to saddle”), from*sadulaz(“a saddle”,noun) (see further atetymology 1) +*-ōną(suffix formingdenominativeverbs fromnouns).[3]

Cognates

Verb

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saddle (third-person singular simple presentsaddles,present participlesaddling,simple past and past participlesaddled)

  1. (transitive)
    1. Toput asaddle(noun sense 1) on (ananimal).
      • 1535 October 14 (Gregorian calendar),Myles Coverdale, transl.,Biblia: The Byble, […] (Coverdale Bible),[Cologne or Marburg]:[Eucharius Cervicornus and Johannes Soter?],→OCLC, Numerus [Numbers] xxij:[21],folio lxvii, recto, column 2:
        Then roſeBalaam vp in the mornynge, &ſadled his Aſſe, & wente wͪ the prynces of yͤ Moabites.
      • 1615,G[ervase] M[arkham], “[The Husbandmans Recreations: […].] Of the Ordering and Dyeting of the Running Horse.”, inCountrey Contentments, in Two Bookes: The First, Containing the Whole Art of Riding Great Horses in Very Short Time, […] The Second Intituled, The English Huswife: […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for R[oger] Iackson, […],→OCLC, 2nd section (Of Horse-manshippe),page84:
        Saddle yourhorſe on the race day in the ſtable before you leade him forth, and fixe both the pannell and the girthes to his backe and ſides vvith Shooe-makers vvaxe to preuent all daungers.
      • 1623,Richard Percivale,John Minsheu, “Báyo”, inA Dictionary in Spanish and English: […], London: […] Iohn Haviland forWilliam Aspley,→OCLC,page44, column 1:
        vno pienſa el Báyo, otro que lo ensilla,the bay horſe thinketh one thing, and he thatſaddleth him thinketh another thing.
      • 1659, T[itus] Livius [i.e.,Livy], “[Book XXXVII]”, inPhilemon Holland, transl.,The Romane Historie […], London: […] W. Hunt, for George Sawbridge, […],→OCLC,page766:
        Some fevv of the horſes kept their ſtanding ſtill unaffrighted, and even thoſe they had much ado toſaddle, to bridle, and to mount upon;[…]
      • 1853,R[ichard] W[illiams] Morgan, “The Venedotian and His Land”, inRaymond de Monthault, the Lord Marcher: A Legend of the Welch Borders. […], volume III, London:Richard Bentley, […],→OCLC,page50:
        "Nay, nay, Reynallt," said Ap Teudor, replying to the angry glance of the Forester, "thousaddlest the wrong steed: like the Abbot, I have no voice but that of obedience."
        Used figuratively.
      • 1892, George Ferguson, “Canto VI. Earth’s Phases: The Ministry of Night: Early Temples.”, inOur Earth—Night to Twilight, volume I, London:T[homas] Fisher Unwin […],→OCLC,page155:
        And he [Abraham] doth rise up with the morrow's dawn, / And for that bidden flame, the wood straightway / He cleaveth now; andsaddleth his ass; / And taking him his son [Isaac] and servants hence, / Doth journey thitherward—full of his God.
      • 1899,Richard Wagner, “Siegfried’s Death”, inWilliam Ashton Ellis, transl.,Richard Wagner’s Prose Works, volume VIII (Posthumous, etc.), London:Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.,→OCLC, act III, scene ii,page45:
        Brünnhild! Brünnhild! / Thou shining child ofWotan! / Bright-beaming through the night, / the hero I see thee draw near: / with holy earnest smile / thousaddlest thy horse, / that dew-dripping / cleaveth the clouds.
    2. To put (something) on to anotherthing like a saddle on an animal.
    3. (figuratively)
      1. Toenter (atrainedhorse) into arace.
      2. (often passive voice)Chiefly followed bywith: toburden orencumber (someone) with someproblem orresponsibility.
        He has beensaddled with the task of collecting evidence of the theft.
        They went shopping and left mesaddled with two children to look after.
        • 1917,H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells,The Soul of a Bishop‎[2]:
          He wished he had not beensaddled with Whippham's rather futile son as his chaplain.
        • 1962 December, “Dr. Beeching Previews the Plan for British Railways”, inModern Railways, Shepperton, Surrey:Ian Allan Publishing,→ISSN,→OCLC, page377:
          Theysaddled themselves with the handling of light flows on a multiplicity of branch lines, and they sacrificed the speed, reliability and low cost of through train operation, even over the main arteries of the system.
      3. Chiefly followed byonorupon: toplace (aburden or responsibility) orthrust (a problem) on someone.
        • 1881, Walter Besant,James Rice, “How Lord Chudleigh Received His Freedom”, inThe Chaplain of the Fleet […], volume III, London:Chatto and Windus, […],→OCLC, part II (The Queen of the Wells),page248:
          I did not dislose the name of the man I proposed, because I found her only too eager to marry anyone upon whom she couldsaddle her debts, and so make him either pay them or change places with her.
      4. (archaic) Tocontrol orrestrain (someone or something), as if using a saddle; tobridle, toharness, torein in.
      5. (obsolete, rare) Toget (someone) todo aburdensometask.
        • 1826 October 25 (date written),Walter Scott, “[Entry dated 25 October 1826]”, inDavid Douglas, editor,The Journal of Sir Walter Scott […], volume I, Edinburgh:David Douglas, published1890,→OCLC,page283:
          Picked up Sotheby, who endeavoured tosaddle me for a review of his polyglotVirgil. I fear I shall scarce convince him that I know nothing of the Latin lingo.
    4. (woodworking) Tocut a saddle-shapednotch in (alog or otherpiece ofwood) so it canfit together with other such logs or pieces; also, to fit (logs or other pieces of wood) together with thismethod.
    5. (obsolete) To put something on to (another thing) like a saddle on an animal.(Can weverify(+) this sense?)
  2. (intransitive, chiefly Canada, US)Often followed byup.
    1. To put a saddle on an animal.
    2. Of aperson: toget into a saddle.
Usage notes
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Not to be confused withsidle.

Conjugation
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Conjugation ofsaddle
infinitive(to)saddle
present tensepast tense
1st-personsingularsaddlesaddled
2nd-personsingularsaddle,saddlest†saddled,saddledst†
3rd-personsingularsaddles,saddleth†saddled
pluralsaddle
subjunctivesaddlesaddled
imperativesaddle—
participlessaddlingsaddled
Derived terms
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Translations
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(transitive) to put a saddle on (an animal)
to put (something) on to another thing like a saddle on an animal
to enter (a trained horse) into a race
to burden or encumber (someone) with some duty or responsibility
to place (a burden or responsibility) or thrust (a problem) on someone
to control or restrain (someone or something), as if using a saddle—seeharness,‎rein in
to cut a saddle-shaped notch in (a log or other piece of wood) so it can fit together with other such logs or pieces; to fit (logs or other pieces of wood) together with this method
to burden or encumber (someone) with some duty or responsibility
(intransitive) to put a saddle on an animal
of a person: to get into a saddle

References

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  1. ^“saddle,n.1 andadj.”, inOED OnlinePaid subscription required⁠, Oxford:Oxford University Press,June 2022;“saddle,n.”, inLexico,Dictionary.com;Oxford University Press,2019–2022.
  2. ^“sā̆delen,v.”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.
  3. ^Compare“saddle,v.”, inOED OnlinePaid subscription required⁠, Oxford:Oxford University Press, March 2022;“saddle,v.”, inLexico,Dictionary.com;Oxford University Press,2019–2022.
  • “saddle”, inOneLook Dictionary Search.

Further reading

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Anagrams

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