Inherited fromMiddle Frenchrincer(“to rinse”), fromOld Frenchrincer,raïncier(“to rinse, cleanse”). Of contested origin. Either fromOld Norsehreinsa(“to rinse, clean out”), fromProto-Germanic*hrainisōną(“to clean, purify”), or from a dissimilation of Old Frenchrecincer, fromLatinrecentāre(“to make fresh”), fromrecens. Cognate withEnglishrinse, which see.
rincer
This verb is part of a group of-er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.
| infinitive | simple | rincer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | rinçant /ʁɛ̃.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | rincé /ʁɛ̃.se/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | rince /ʁɛ̃s/ | rinces /ʁɛ̃s/ | rince /ʁɛ̃s/ | rinçons /ʁɛ̃.sɔ̃/ | rincez /ʁɛ̃.se/ | rincent /ʁɛ̃s/ |
| imperfect | rinçais /ʁɛ̃.sɛ/ | rinçais /ʁɛ̃.sɛ/ | rinçait /ʁɛ̃.sɛ/ | rincions /ʁɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ | rinciez /ʁɛ̃.sje/ | rinçaient /ʁɛ̃.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | rinçai /ʁɛ̃.se/ | rinças /ʁɛ̃.sa/ | rinça /ʁɛ̃.sa/ | rinçâmes /ʁɛ̃.sam/ | rinçâtes /ʁɛ̃.sat/ | rincèrent /ʁɛ̃.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | rincerai /ʁɛ̃.sʁe/ | rinceras /ʁɛ̃.sʁa/ | rincera /ʁɛ̃.sʁa/ | rincerons /ʁɛ̃.sʁɔ̃/ | rincerez /ʁɛ̃.sʁe/ | rinceront /ʁɛ̃.sʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | rincerais /ʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ | rincerais /ʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ | rincerait /ʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ | rincerions /ʁɛ̃.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ | rinceriez /ʁɛ̃.sə.ʁje/ | rinceraient /ʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | rince /ʁɛ̃s/ | rinces /ʁɛ̃s/ | rince /ʁɛ̃s/ | rincions /ʁɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ | rinciez /ʁɛ̃.sje/ | rincent /ʁɛ̃s/ |
| imperfect2 | rinçasse /ʁɛ̃.sas/ | rinçasses /ʁɛ̃.sas/ | rinçât /ʁɛ̃.sa/ | rinçassions /ʁɛ̃.sa.sjɔ̃/ | rinçassiez /ʁɛ̃.sa.sje/ | rinçassent /ʁɛ̃.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | rince /ʁɛ̃s/ | — | rinçons /ʁɛ̃.sɔ̃/ | rincez /ʁɛ̃.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
Old French, see above.
rincer
| infinitive | simple | rincer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 orgerund2 | simple | rinçant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | rincé | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | rince | rinces | rince | rinçons | rincez | rincent |
| imperfect | rinçois,rinçoys | rinçois,rinçoys | rinçoit,rinçoyt | rincions,rinçons | rinciez,rincyez | rinçoient,rinçoyent | |
| past historic | rinça | rinças | rinça | rinçasmes | rinçastes | rincerent | |
| future | rincerai,rinceray | rinceras | rincera | rincerons | rincerez | rinceront | |
| conditional | rincerois,rinceroys | rincerois,rinceroys | rinceroit,rinceroyt | rincerions,rinceryons | rinceriez,rinceryez | rinceroient,rinceroyent | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | rince | rinces | rince | rinçons | rincez | rincent |
| imperfect | rinçasse | rinçasses | rinçast | rinçassions | rinçassiez | rinçassent | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | rince | — | rinçons | rincez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995],Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p.179). TheFrench Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with prepositionen, as inModern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995],op. cit., p.180). | |||||||
FromVulgar Latinrainsāre, fromFrankish*hrainisōn(“to clean, rinse”).
rincer
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in-er. The forms that would normally end in *-c, *-cs, *-ct are modified toz,z,zt. In addition,c becomesç before ana, o oru to keep the /ts/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | rincer | avoirrincé | |||||
| gerund | enrinçant | gerund ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | rinçant | ||||||
| past participle | rincé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | rinz | rinces | rince | rinçons | rincez | rincent |
| imperfect | rinçoie,rinceie,rinçoe,rinceve | rinçoies,rinceies,rinçoes,rinceves | rinçoit,rinceit,rinçot,rinceve | rinciiens,rinciens | rinciiez,rinciez | rinçoient,rinceient,rinçoent,rincevent | |
| preterite | rinçai | rinças | rinça | rinçames | rinçastes | rincerent | |
| future | rincerai | rinceras | rincera | rincerons | rinceroiz,rincereiz,rincerez | rinceront | |
| conditional | rinceroie,rincereie | rinceroies,rincereies | rinceroit,rincereit | rinceriiens,rinceriens | rinceriiez,rinceriez | rinceroient,rincereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | present tense ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | rinz | rinz | rinzt | rinçons | rincez | rincent |
| imperfect | rinçasse | rinçasses | rinçast | rincissons,rincissiens | rincissoiz,rincissez,rincissiez | rinçassent | |
| compound tenses | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | rince | — | rinçons | rincez | — | ||