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rein

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Rein,reiñ,rein-,andREIN

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishrein,reyne, fromAnglo-Normanreyne, resne, fromEarly Medieval Latinretina, ultimately from ClassicalLatinretineō(“hold back”), fromre- +teneō(“keep, hold”). Compare modernFrenchrêne.

Displaced nativeOld Englishbrīdel(“bridle, rein”),Old Englishwealdleþer,ġewealdleþer(“rein, bridle”, literally“control strap”),Old Englishsāl(“cord, rein”),Old Englishtiġel(“rein”), andOld Englishlāttēh,lāttēh(“leash, rein”).

Noun

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rein (pluralreins)

  1. Astrap orrope attached to abridle orbit, used to control ahorse,animal or youngchild.
  2. (figurative) An instrument or means ofcurbing,restraining, orgoverning.
    The government is attempting to keep arein on rising prices.
    • 1667,John Milton, “Book X”, inParadise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […];[a]nd by Robert Boulter […];[a]nd Matthias Walker, […],→OCLC; republished asParadise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […],1873,→OCLC:
      Let their eyes rove withoutrein.
Derived terms
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Translations
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strap or rope

Verb

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rein (third-person singular simple presentreins,present participlereining,simple past and past participlereined)

  1. (transitive) Todirect orstop a horse by using reins.
  2. (transitive) Torestrain; tocontrol; tocheck.
    • c.1608–1609 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act III, scene iii]:
      Being once chafed, he cannot / Bereined again to temperance.
    • 2001, Jonathan Franzen,The Corrections:
      After an interval that he judged to have lasted twenty minutes, the bed began to shake with poorlyreined sobs.
  3. (intransitive) To obey directions given with the reins.
    • 2011, Marie Claire Peck,Rocking Horse Ranch, page40:
      She worked each horse at a walk, trot, and then a canter. The horsesreined well and executed stops quickly.
Derived terms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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to direct or stop a horse using reins
to restrain, control

Etymology 2

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    FromAnglo-Normanreines,Middle Frenchreins, and their source,Latinrēnēs.Doublet ofren.

    Noun

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    rein (pluralreins)

    1. (now rare, archaic, chiefly in plural) Akidney.
    2. The inward impulses; the affections and passions, formerly supposed to be located in the area of the kidneys.

    Anagrams

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    Bavarian

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    Noun

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    rein

    1. (Timau)rain

    References

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    • Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013)Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien.

    Dutch

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    FromMiddle Dutchreine, fromOld Dutchreini, fromProto-West Germanic*hrainī, fromProto-Germanic*hrainiz.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    rein (comparativereiner,superlativereinst)

    1. (formal)clean,spotless
    2. (Netherlands)pure,sheer

    Declension

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    Declension ofrein
    uninflectedrein
    inflectedreine
    comparativereiner
    positivecomparativesuperlative
    predicative/adverbialreinreinerhetreinst
    hetreinste
    indefinitem./f. sing.reinereinerereinste
    n. sing.reinreinerreinste
    pluralreinereinerereinste
    definitereinereinerereinste
    partitivereinsreiners—

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Anagrams

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    Finnish

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    Noun

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    rein

    1. instructiveplural ofreki

    Anagrams

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    French

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    Etymology

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    Inherited fromMiddle Frenchrein, fromOld Frenchrein, from the pluralreins, fromLatinrēnes <rēn, fromProto-Italic*hrēn, possibly fromProto-Indo-European*gʷʰren-(“an internal part of the body”).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rein m (pluralreins)

    1. (anatomy)kidney
    2. (in theplural)small of the back,waist

    Derived terms

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    Related terms

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    Further reading

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    Anagrams

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    German

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    FromMiddle High Germanreine, fromOld High Germanreini, fromProto-West Germanic*hrainī, fromProto-Germanic*hrainiz, fromProto-Indo-European*króy-n-is, from*krey-(“divide, sift”). Cognate withOld Saxonhreni, (Low Germanren),Dutchrein,Old Norsehreinn (Swedishren),Ancient Greekκρῑ́νω(krī́nō,“separate, decide, judge”),Old Irishcriathar,Englishriddle(“sieve”).

    Adjective

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    rein (strong nominative masculine singularreiner,comparativereiner,superlativeamreinsten)

    1. pure,clear,plain
      • 2010,Der Spiegel‎[1], number24/2010, page131:
        Natürlich ist eine Weltmeisterschaft keinreines Sportevent mehr, sie ist sicher auch ein bisschen Welt- und Entwicklungspolitik.
        Of course, a world championship is no longer a pure sports event, it surely is also a bit of world and development politics.
    Declension
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    Positive forms ofrein
    number & gendersingularplural
    masculinefeminineneuter
    predicativeeristreinsieistreinesistreinsiesindrein
    strong declension
    (without article)    		nominativereinerreinereinesreine
    genitivereinenreinerreinenreiner
    dativereinemreinerreinemreinen
    accusativereinenreinereinesreine
    weak declension
    (with definite article)    		nominativederreinediereinedasreinediereinen
    genitivedesreinenderreinendesreinenderreinen
    dativedemreinenderreinendemreinendenreinen
    accusativedenreinendiereinedasreinediereinen
    mixed declension
    (with indefinite article)    		nominativeeinreinereinereineeinreines(keine)reinen
    genitiveeinesreineneinerreineneinesreinen(keiner)reinen
    dativeeinemreineneinerreineneinemreinen(keinen)reinen
    accusativeeinenreineneinereineeinreines(keine)reinen
    Comparative forms ofrein
    number & gendersingularplural
    masculinefeminineneuter
    predicativeeristreinersieistreineresistreinersiesindreiner
    strong declension
    (without article)    		nominativereinererreinerereineresreinere
    genitivereinerenreinererreinerenreinerer
    dativereineremreinererreineremreineren
    accusativereinerenreinerereineresreinere
    weak declension
    (with definite article)    		nominativederreinerediereineredasreinerediereineren
    genitivedesreinerenderreinerendesreinerenderreineren
    dativedemreinerenderreinerendemreinerendenreineren
    accusativedenreinerendiereineredasreinerediereineren
    mixed declension
    (with indefinite article)    		nominativeeinreinerereinereinereeinreineres(keine)reineren
    genitiveeinesreinereneinerreinereneinesreineren(keiner)reineren
    dativeeinemreinereneinerreinereneinemreineren(keinen)reineren
    accusativeeinenreinereneinereinereeinreineres(keine)reineren
    Superlative forms ofrein
    number & gendersingularplural
    masculinefeminineneuter
    predicativeeristamreinstensieistamreinstenesistamreinstensiesindamreinsten
    strong declension
    (without article)    		nominativereinsterreinstereinstesreinste
    genitivereinstenreinsterreinstenreinster
    dativereinstemreinsterreinstemreinsten
    accusativereinstenreinstereinstesreinste
    weak declension
    (with definite article)    		nominativederreinstediereinstedasreinstediereinsten
    genitivedesreinstenderreinstendesreinstenderreinsten
    dativedemreinstenderreinstendemreinstendenreinsten
    accusativedenreinstendiereinstedasreinstediereinsten
    mixed declension
    (with indefinite article)    		nominativeeinreinstereinereinsteeinreinstes(keine)reinsten
    genitiveeinesreinsteneinerreinsteneinesreinsten(keiner)reinsten
    dativeeinemreinsteneinerreinsteneinemreinsten(keinen)reinsten
    accusativeeinenreinsteneinereinsteeinreinstes(keine)reinsten

    Adverb

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    rein

    1. purely
      Unsere Beziehung istrein platonisch.
      Our relationship ispurely platonic.
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    Etymology 2

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    Contraction ofherein(“in here”), orhinein(“in there”).

    Alternative forms

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    Adverb

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    rein

    1. (colloquial)inside, in here
      Er kommt jetztrein. ―He's coming inside now.
    2. (colloquial)inside, in there
      Er gehtrein zu den andern. ―He's going inside to the other people.
    Usage notes
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    The standard language distinguishes the meanings ofhinein(“in there:away from the speaker”) andherein(“in here:towards the speaker”).Rein is used for both meanings.

    Synonyms
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    Related terms
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    Further reading

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    Icelandic

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    Etymology

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    FromOld Norserein,reina, fromProto-Germanic*rainō. Cognate withEnglishrean,GermanRain.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rein f (genitive singularreinar,nominative pluralreinar)

    1. strip (of land)

    Declension

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    Declension ofrein (feminine)
    singularplural
    indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
    nominativereinreininreinarreinarnar
    accusativereinreininareinarreinarnar
    dativereinreininnireinumreinunum
    genitivereinarreinarinnarreinareinanna

    Derived terms

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    Middle English

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    Noun

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    rein

    1. alternative form ofreyn(“rain”)

    Middle French

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    Etymology

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    FromOld Frenchrein.

    Noun

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    rein m (pluralreins)

    1. (anatomy)kidney

    Descendants

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    Norman

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    Etymology

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    FromOld Frenchrein,reins, fromLatinrēn,rēnes.

    Noun

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    rein m (pluralreins)

    1. (Jersey, anatomy)kidney

    Related terms

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    Norwegian Bokmål

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    FromOld Norsehreinn.

    Alternative forms

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    Adjective

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    rein (neuter singularreint,definite singular and pluralreine,comparativereinere,indefinite superlativereinest,definite superlativereineste)

    1. clean
    2. pure

    Etymology 2

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Germanic*hrainaz
    Old Norsehreinn
    Norwegian Bokmålrein

      Inherited fromOld Norsehreinn n.

      NorwegianWikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipediano

      Noun

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      rein m (definite singularreinen,indefinite pluralreiner,definite pluralreinene)

      1. areindeer
      Synonyms
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      Derived terms
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      References

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      Norwegian Nynorsk

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      Pronunciation

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      Etymology 1

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      FromOld Norsehreinn.

      Adjective

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      rein (neuter singularreint,definite singular and pluralreine,comparativereinare,indefinite superlativereinast,definite superlativereinaste)

      1. clean
      2. pure

      Etymology 2

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      Etymology tree
      Proto-Germanic*hrainaz
      Old Norsehreinn
      Norwegian Nynorskrein

        Inherited fromOld Norsehreinn n.

        Norwegian NynorskWikipedia has an article on:
        Wikipediann

        Noun

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        rein m (definite singularreinen,indefinite pluralreinar,definite pluralreinane)

        1. areindeer,Rangifer tarandus
          • 1855,Ivar Aasen,Ervingen:
            […] renna i Kapp medReinen, um Raasi er tung og vaat: Dat maa ein Galning vera, som so vil fara aat.
            To race against thereindeer, if the road is soggy and wet: It must be a madman who wants to act like that.
        Synonyms
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        Derived terms
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        References

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        Old French

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        Etymology 1

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        First attested in the plural asreins, fromLatinrēnes, plural of the almost unusedrēn.

        Alternative forms

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        Noun

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        reinoblique singular, m (oblique pluralreinz,nominative singularreinz,nominative pluralrein)

        1. (anatomy)kidney
        2. (in theplural, reins)small of the back, lower back
        Descendants
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        Etymology 2

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        Seerien

        Noun

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        reinoblique singular, f (oblique pluralreinz,nominative singularrein,nominative pluralreinz)

        1. alternative form ofrien

        Plautdietsch

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        Adjective

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        rein

        1. clean
        2. pure,immaculate
        3. chaste

        Volapük

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        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        rein (nominative pluralreins)

        1. rain

        Declension

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        Declension ofrein
        singularplural
        nominativereinreins
        genitivereinareinas
        dativereinereines
        accusativereinireinis
        vocative1orein!oreins!
        predicative2reinureinus

        1 status as a case is disputed
        2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

        Synonyms

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        West Frisian

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        Etymology

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        FromOld Frisian[Term?], fromProto-West Germanic*regn, fromProto-Germanic*regną.

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        rein c (no plural,diminutivereintsje)

        1. rain

        Derived terms

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        Further reading

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        • “rein (I)”, inWurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch),2011
        Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=rein&oldid=87759865"
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