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ram

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "ram"

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Aram (male sheep).

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishram,rom,ramme, fromOld Englishramm(“ram”), fromProto-Germanic*rammaz(“ram”), possibly from*rammaz(“strong”). Cognate withSaterland FrisianRom(“ram”),Dutchram(“a male sheep”),GermanRamm,Ramme(“ram”). Possibly akin also toDanishram(“sharp; acrid; rank”),Swedishram(“strong; perfect”),Faroeseramur(“strong; competent”),Icelandicrammur(“strong; sturdy”).

Noun

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ram (pluralrams)

  2. (zoology, agriculture) Amalesheep, typicallyuncastrated.
  3. Abattering ram; a heavy object used forbreaking throughdoors.
  4. (military, nautical, chiefly historical) Awarshipintended tosink other ships byramming them.
    • 1898,H.G. Wells,The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page178:
      About a couple of miles out lay an ironclad very low in the water, almost, to my brother's perception, like a water-logged ship. This was theramThunder Child.
  5. (military, nautical, chiefly historical) Areinforced section of thebow of awarship,intended to be used forramming other ships.
  6. Apistonpowered byhydraulicpressure.
  7. An act oframming.
  8. Aweight whichstrikes ablow, in arammingdevice such as apile driver,steam hammer, orstamp mill.
    • 1952 July, W. R. Watson, “Sankey Viaduct and Embankment”, inRailway Magazine, page487:
      He describes the operation thus: "The heavyram employed to impart the finishing strokes, hoisted up with double purchase and snail's pace to the summit of the Piling Engine, and then falling down like a thunderbolt on the head of the devoted timber, driving it perhaps a single half inch in to the stratum below, is well calculated to put to the test the virtue of patience, while it illustrates the old adage of—slow and sure."
Hyponyms
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(warship intended to sink ships by ramming):

Coordinate terms
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(male sheep):

Derived terms
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Translations
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male sheep
battering ram—seebattering ram
warship that sinks other ships by ramming them
piston powered by hydraulic pressure
reinforced section of the bow of a warship
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
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Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishrammen, from the noun (see above). CompareOld High Germanrammen.

Verb

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ram (third-person singular simple presentrams,present participleramming,simple past and past participlerammed)

  1. (ambitransitive) Tocollide with (an object), usually with the intention ofdamaging it ordisabling its function.
    The man, driving an SUV, thenrammed the gate, according to police.
    • 2016 December 29, M. Kumar, “Snatch thieves accidentallyrammed by victim”, inThe Star‎[1], Malaysia:
      Two snatch thieves who snatched a woman's bag experienced swift karma when their victim accidentallyrammed into their motorcycle.
    • 2018 October 17, Drachinifel, 25:35 from the start, inLast Ride of the High Seas Fleet - Battle of Texel 1918‎[2], archived fromthe original on4 August 2022:
      The other ships, either not caring or too badly-damaged to do anything about it, proceed on their mission, withKönig the last to fall silent, shot to pieces in a last attempt toram theBellerophon.
    • 2021 December 29, Drachinifel, 21:03 from the start, inThe USN Pacific Submarine Campaign - The Dark Year (Dec'41 - Dec'42)‎[3], archived fromthe original on19 July 2022:
      The only amusing highlight wasGudgeon having managed to exploit U.S. codebreaking efforts to ambush and destroy the submarineI-173, albeit not for the lack of the Mark 14's trying to sabotage the effort, as the torpedo that hadhit the sub had refused to detonate; it seemed, however, that the car-crash levels of kinetic energy involved in the dud simplyramming the sub had nonetheless done enough to fatally damage it.
  2. (transitive) Tostrike (something) hard, especially with animplement.
    To build a sturdy fence, you have toram the posts deep into the ground.
  3. (transitive) Toseat acartridge,projectile, orpropellantcharge in thebreech of afirearm bypushing orstriking.
    After placing the cartridge in the musket,ram it down securely with the ramrod.
  4. (transitive, also figuratively) Toforce,cram orthrust (someone or something)into orthrough something.
    • 2023 July 4,Marina Hyde, “Who’s for political Bazball with Rishi? Voters? Tories? Anyone?”, inThe Guardian‎[4]:
      Again: great to take lessons in ethics from a guy currently trying toram through a policy of freighting refugees off to cuddly Rwandan president Paul Kagame.
  5. (transitive) Tofill orcompact bypounding ordriving.
    Theyrammed the earth walls to make them more compact
  6. (slang) Tothrust duringsexualintercourse.
    • 1999, Mr.Web, Size Matters review by mr. web review Group: rec.arts.movies.erotica
      like feel a soft butt against their pelvis orram a girl really hard with piston-like speed while she begs and screams for more
Derived terms
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Translations
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intentionally collide with (a ship)
strike (something) hard

Etymology 3

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Likely fromOld Norseramr,rammr(“strong, rank, bitter”), fromProto-Germanic*rammaz(“strong, overbearing; acrid, rank”), perhaps ultimately related to Etymology 1 above. CompareScotsram(“a rank odour”). Compare alsoMiddle Englishrammish(“rank, offensive in smell”).

Adjective

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ram (comparativemoreram,superlativemostram)

  1. (Northern England)Rancid;offensive insmell ortaste.

See also

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Anagrams

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Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatinrāmus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ram m (pluralrams)

  1. bouquet,bunch
  2. (architecture)flight of stairs
  3. (figurative)branch(area in business or of knowledge, research)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Dutchram(“a male sheep”), fromOld Dutch*ram, of West-Germanic origin, possibly fromProto-Germanic*rammaz(“strong”). Cognate toEnglishram(“a male sheep”). The sense "battering ram" was borrowed as asemantic loan fromLatinariēs in Middle Dutch.

Noun

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ram m (pluralrammen,diminutiverammetje n,feminineooi)

  1. ram (male sheep)
  2. malerabbit
  3. battering ram
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

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ram

  1. inflection oframmen:
    1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. (in case ofinversion)second-personsingularpresentindicative
    3. imperative

Anagrams

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Elfdalian

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Adjective

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ram

  1. hoarse

Inflection

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This adjective needs aninflection-table template.

Friulian

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Etymology 1

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FromLatinrāmus.

Noun

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ram m (pluralrams)

  1. branch
Related terms
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Etymology 2

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FromVulgar Latin*arāmen, variant ofLate Latinaerāmen, derived fromLatinaer-. CompareItalianrame.

Noun

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ram m

  1. copper

Gerka

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Related toNgasam(“water”).

Noun

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ram

  1. water

References

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  • Takács, Gábor (2007)Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill,→ISBN, page201,→ISBN:
    […] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:
    (1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: Gerka ram [ɣam, ref. < *ham] [Ftp. 1911, 221] = ɣàm "Wasser" [Jng. 1965, 174], […]

Haruai

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Noun

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ram

  1. house

Further reading

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  • Dicky Gilbers, John A. Nerbonne, J. Schaeken,Languages in Contact (2000,→ISBN), page 84: "Examples of basic vocabulary items that are shared by Haruai and Kobon but not by Hagahai (on the basis of the lists in Davies and Comrie (1984)) include, for instance: Haruai ram, Kobon ram 'house';"

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈram/,[ˈram]
  • Rhymes:-ram
  • Hyphenation:ram

Etymology 1

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Onomatopoeic

Noun

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ram (pluralram-ram)

  1. rumbling,roaring

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromDutchraam(“window; frame”), fromMiddle Dutchrame.

Noun

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ram (pluralram-ram)

  1. frame
    Synonym:pemidangan
  2. mesh
  3. (colloquial)window
    Synonym:jendela

Etymology 3

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Noun

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ram

  1. Alternative spelling oferam

Further reading

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Kobon

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Noun

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ram

  1. house

Further reading

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  • Bernard Comrie,Switch Reference in Huichol, inSwitch-reference and Universal Grammar, edited by John Haiman, Pamela Munro, page 29 (in notes):
    hol bɨ kaj pak-ul ram ud ar-bul
    we-two man pig strike SS-1DU house take go I-1DU
    'we two killed a pig and took it home'
  • Dicky Gilbers, John A. Nerbonne, J. Schaeken,Languages in Contact (2000,→ISBN), page 84: "Examples of basic vocabulary items that are shared by Haruai and Kobon but not by Hagahai (on the basis of the lists in Davies and Comrie (1984)) include, for instance: Haruai ram, Kobon ram 'house';"

Maltese

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Chemical element
Cu
Previous:nikil (Ni)
Next:żingu (Zn)

Etymology

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Borrowed fromItalianrame(“copper”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ram m

  1. (chemistry)copper

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Englishramm, fromProto-West Germanic*ramm, fromProto-Germanic*rammaz.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ram/,(West Midlands)/rɔm/

Noun

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ram (pluralrammes)

  1. malesheep,ram
  2. (astrology)Aries
  3. pile driver,battering ram

Descendants

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References

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Middle High German

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Noun

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ram

  1. Alternative form oframe(“frame”)

Norwegian Bokmål

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Verb

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ram

  1. imperative oframme

Old English

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Noun

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ram m

  1. Alternative form oframm

Old Occitan

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Etymology

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FromLatinrāmus.Gallo-Romance cognate withOld Frenchraim.

Noun

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ram m (oblique pluralrams,nominative singularrams,nominative pluralram)

  1. branch (of a tree, etc.)

Related terms

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Descendants

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References

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Old Tupi

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Tupi-Guarani*ram.

Cognate withMbyá Guaraní-rã.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ram (noun formrama)

  1. future;coming
    Antonym:pûer
  2. shallbe
    • 1555, Joseph of Anchieta, chapterVII, inArte de grammatica da lingoa mais vſada na coſta do Braſil (overall work in Portuguese), Coimbra: Antonio de Mariz, published1595, Da formição dos Præteritos, & Futuros dos nomes, page33v:
      […]xerâm, nderâm, yrâm.
      [[…]xeram, nderam, iram.]
      Ishall be, youshall be, theyshall be.

Declension

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    Declension ofram (consonant ending) (SeeAppendix:Old Tupi adjectives)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causativemoram
Deadjectivals
-ba'ei ramyba'e
-sab(a)rambaba
SingularSingular & PluralPlural
1st person2nd person3rd person1st person exclusive1st person inclusive2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicativexe ramnde rami ramoré ramîandé rampe ram
Imperative
Permissiveta xe ramta nde ramt'i ramt'oré ramt'îandé ramta pe ram
Negative indicativena xe ramina nde ramin'i ramin'oré ramin'îandé ramina pe rami
Negative imperativende ram umẽpe ram umẽ
Negative permissiveta xe ram umẽta nde ram umẽt'i ram umẽt'oré ram umẽt'îandé ram umẽta pe ram umẽ
Gerund
Affirmativexe ramamonde ramamoo ramamooré ramamoîandé ramamope ramamo
Negativexe rame'ymamonde rame'ymamoo rame'ymamooré rame'ymamoîandé rame'ymamope rame'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmativerama
Negativerame'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmativesame as gerund1
xe rami2i rami2oré rami2îandé rami2
Negativesame as gerund1
xe rame'ymi2i rame'ymi2oré rame'ymi2îandé rame'ymi2
1South Tupi
2North Tupi

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatinrāmus, fromProto-Indo-European*wréh₂ds(“root”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ram n (pluralramuri)

  1. (rare)branch,bough
    Synonyms:creangă,ramură

Related terms

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Romansch

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Etymology 1

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FromLatinrāmus.

Noun

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ram m (pluralrams)

  1. (Puter)branch(of tree, river, etc.)
  2. (Puter, education)subject
Alternative forms
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Synonyms
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Etymology 2

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Germanic borrowing, ultimately fromProto-West Germanic*hramu(“frame”).

Thisetymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

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ram m (pluralrams)

  1. (Puter)frame,framework
Alternative forms
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Etymology 3

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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ram f (pluralrams)

  1. (Puter)knot,gnarl
Alternative forms
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Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Swedishrama, borrowed fromMiddle Low Germanrāme, fromOld Saxonhrama.

Noun

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ram c

  1. frame (e.g. around a painting)
  2. frame, boundaries (the set of options for actions given)
  3. frame (a context for understanding)
  4. bicycle frame
Declension
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Declension ofram
nominativegenitive
singularindefiniteramrams
definiteramenramens
pluralindefiniteramarramars
definiteramarnaramarnas
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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FromOld Swedishramber,Old Norsehrammr(“bear's claw; paw”).

Noun

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ram c

  1. afrontpaw of abear
  2. (figuratively) a largehand
Declension
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Declension ofram
nominativegenitive
singularindefiniteramrams
definiteramenramens
pluralindefiniteramarramars
definiteramarnaramarnas
See also
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References

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Anagrams

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Ternate

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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ram

  1. (transitive) towipe with bothhands

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofram
singularplural
inclusiveexclusive
1st persontoramforammiram
2nd personnoramniram
3rd
person		masculineoramiram
yoram(archaic)
femininemoram
neuteriram

References

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  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001)A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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FromEnglishrum.

Noun

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ram

  1. rum

Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Verb

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ram• (𤓆)

  1. (cooking) tosauté thenbraise with added water orcoconut water
    sườn ram ―ribs cooked with such a method

See also

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Etymology 2

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Noun

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ram

  1. (Central Vietnam) friedspring roll
    Synonyms:nem rán,chả giò

Etymology 3

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FromFrenchrame.

Noun

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ram

  1. ream
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