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pound

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Pound

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishpound, fromOld Englishpund(a pound, weight), fromProto-West Germanic*pund, fromProto-Germanic*pundą(pound, weight), an early borrowing fromLatinpondō(by weight), ablative form ofpondus(weight), fromProto-Indo-European*(s)pend-(to pull, stretch).

Cognate withDutchpond,GermanPfund,Danishpund andSwedishpund.Doublet offunt,pfund,pood, andpunt.

Noun

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pound (pluralpoundsor(UK colloquial)pound)

  1. Aunit ofweight in various measurement systems.
    • 2025 June 21, Thomas Bordeaux, Natasha Bertrand and Zachary Cohen, “US moves B-2 bombers as Trump weighs Iran options”, inCNN[1]:
      B-2 bombers are the only plane capable of carrying the Massive Ordinance Penetrator, which experts have highlighted as the only type of bomb potentially capable of destroying Iran’s underground Fordow nuclear facility. Each B-2 bomber is able to carry two of these “bunker buster” bombs, which weigh an impressive 30,000pounds each.
    1. Ellipsis ofpoundweight.
    2. Various non-English units of measure.
  2. Aunit ofmass in various measurement systems.
    1. Ellipsis ofpoundmass.
    2. Various non-English units of measure.
    3. A unit ofmass equal to 16avoirdupois ounces (= 453.592 g). Today this value is the most common meaning of "pound" as a unit of weight.
      Synonym:lb
      • 2010 July 28, Rachel Williams, “Mothers who lose weight before further pregnancy ‘reduce risks’”, inThe Guardian[2]:
        Research shows that retaining even one or twopounds after giving birth can make problems more likely in a subsequent pregnancy, experts said, with women who have several children facing a "slippery slope" if they continue to gain weight each time.
    4. A unit ofmass equal to 12troy ounces (≈ 373.242 g). Today, this is a common unit ofmass when measuring precious metals, and is little used elsewhere.
      Synonym:lb t
  3. Aunit offorce in various measurement systems
    1. Ellipsis ofpoundforce.
    2. Various non-English units of measure.
    3. (informal, non-scientific)Ellipsis ofpound-force.
  4. Aunit ofcurrency in various currency systems.
    1. The unit of currency used in the United Kingdom and itsdependencies. It is divided into 100pence. Symbol£.
      • 1860,George Eliot, chapter 6, inThe Mill on the Floss, book 5:
        "Only a hundred and ninety-threepound," said Mr. Tulliver. "You've brought less o' late; but young fellows like to have their own way with their money. Though I didn't do as I liked before I was of age." He spoke with rather timid discontent.
      Synonyms:pound sterling,(symbol)GBP,(slang)quid,(slang)nicker
      • 2012 November 11, Carole Cadwalladr, “Do online courses spell the end for the traditional university?”, inThe Observer[3]:
        For students in developing countries who can't get it any other way, or for students in the first world, who can but may choose not to. Pay thousands ofpounds a year for your education? Or get it free online?
    2. Any of various units ofcurrency used in Egypt, Lebanon, Sudan, and Syria, and formerly in the Republic of Ireland, Cyprus, Nigeria, Israel, and South Africa.
      Synonym:(Ireland)punt
      • 1922 February,James Joyce, “[[Episode 4]]”, inUlysses, Paris:Shakespeare and Company, [],→OCLC:
        He glanced back through what he had read and, while feeling his water flow quietly, he envied kindly Mr Beaufoy who had written it and received payment of threepounds, thirteen and six.
    3. Any of various units ofcurrency formerly used in theUnited States.
      the Rhode Islandpound; the New Hampshirepound
      • 2010, Steven Field,Dusty's Fort,→ISBN, page33:
        He knocked out cans of warm cola at twopound fifty a time.
    4. (informal) Various non-English units of currency notofficially called pounds.
      • 1878,w:Henry Hozier,The Russo-Turkish War: Including an Account of the Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Power and the History of the Eastern Question[4], page61:
        In the report of the Special Budget Commission certifying the estimates for 1874-75, it was announced on authority that the total amount of this debt did not exceed 14,725,000 Turkishpounds(liras), or £13,000,000, while the Special Commission for the verification of the budget for 1875-76 returned the total amount at 10,309,521 Turkishpounds(liras), or £8,935,000.
  5. (US) The symbol#.
    Synonyms:octothorpe,pound sign;hash,hash sign,hashtag(metonymically);number sign;sharp
    Holonym:hashtag
    To be connected, presspound.
Usage notes
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  • Internationally, the "pound" has most commonly referred to the UK pound, £, (pound sterling). The other currencies were usually distinguished in some way, e.g., the "Irish pound" or the "punt".
  • In the vicinity of each other country calling its currency the pound among English speakers the local currency would be the "pound", with all others distinguished, e.g., the "British pound", the "Egyptian pound" etc.
  • The general plural of "pound" has usually been "pounds" (at least since Chaucer), but the continuing use of the Old English genitive or neuter "pound" as the plural after numerals (for both currency and weight) is common in some regions. It can be considered correct, or colloquial, depending on region.
Derived terms
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Translations
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pound-forceseepound-force
unit of mass (16 ounces avoirdupois)
unit of mass (12 troy ounces)
US: symbol #seehash
unit of currency

Verb

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pound (third-person singular simple presentpounds,present participlepounding,simple past and past participlepounded)

  1. (slang, UK regional, transitive) Towager apound on.[from 19th c.]
    • 1854, Dickens, chapter 4, inHard Times:
      ‘Good-bye, my dear!' said Sleary. 'You'll make your fortun, I hope, and none of our poor folkth will ever trouble you, I'llpound it.’
    • 1874,Marcus Clarke,For the Term of His Natural Life, Penguin, published2009, page70:
      “He's done,” said the Moocher brutally. “He didn't hear nuffin, I'llpound it.”
See also
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Etymology 2

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    FromMiddle Englishpounde,ponde,pund, fromOld English*pund(an enclosure). Related toOld Englishpyndan(to enclose, shut up, dam, impound). Compare alsoOld Englishpynd(acistern, lake).

    Noun

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    pound (pluralpounds)

    The Village Pound atWrentham, Suffolk, England
    1. A place for thedetention ofstray orwanderinganimals.
      Synonym:animal shelter
      Hyponym:dog pound
      • 1997 February 24, N. R. Kleinfield, “Robert Sarnoff, 78, RCA Chairman, Dies”, inThe New York Times[5],→ISSN:
        Mr. Sarnoff also sent to thepound one of the best-known dogs in the world. Nipper, the black-and-white terrier usually depicted peering with head cocked into the horn of a Victrola, listening for “His Master's Voice,” was de-emphasized as a corporate symbol.
    2. (metonymic) The people who work for the pound.
      • 2002, 00:27:30 from the start, in25th Hour:
        (Police officer to a dog owner) "He'd better stay calm or I'll have thepound come and get him."
    3. (UK) A place for the detention of automobiles that have beenillegally parked,abandoned, etc.
      Synonym:impound
      Synonyms:(UK)car pound,(US)impound lot,(US)impound
      • 1984,Beverly Hills Cop, Paramount Pictures:
        Inspector Douglas Todd: Where did you get a truckload of cigarettes from anyway? / Detective Axel Foley: From the Dearborn Hijacking. / Todd: The Dearborn Hijacking? That bust went down weeks ago. That load's supposed to be in the damnpound!
    4. A section of acanal between two adjacentlocks.
      Synonym:reach
    5. A kind offishingnet, having a largeenclosure with a narrow entrance into which fish are directed bywings spreading outward.
      • 1913,Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, inMr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London:D[aniel] Appleton and Company,→OCLC:
        Then there came a reg'lar terror of a sou'wester same as you don't get one summer in a thousand, and blowed the shanty flat and ripped about half of the weir poles out of the sand. We spent consider'ble money getting 'em reset, and then a swordfish got into thepound and tore the nets all to slathers, right in the middle of the squiteague season.
    6. (Newfoundland) A division inside a fishingstage wherecod is cured in saltbrine.
      Synonym:bulk
    Usage notes
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    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    place for the detention of stray animals
    people who work for the pound
    place for detention of automobiles
    section of canal between two locks
    kind of fishing net, having a large enclosure with a narrow entrance
    division inside a fishing stage where cod is cured
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    Verb

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    pound (third-person singular simple presentpounds,present participlepounding,simple past and past participlepounded)

    1. To confine in, or as in, a pound; toimpound.
      • c. 1620, anonymous, “Tom o’ Bedlam’s Song” inGiles Earle his Booke (British Museum, Additional MSS. 24, 665):
        When I short haue shorne my sowce face
        & swigg’d my horny barrell,
        In an oaken Inne Ipound my skin
        as a suite of guilt apparrell
      • 1644,John Milton,Areopagitica; A speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc’d Printing, to the Parlament of England:
        And he who were pleasantly disposed, could not well avoid to liken it to the exploit of that gallant man, who thought topound up the crows by shutting his park gate.

    Etymology 3

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    From an alteration of earlierpoun,pown, fromMiddle Englishpounen, fromOld Englishpūnian(to pound, beat, bray, bruise, crush), fromProto-West Germanic*pūn-(broken pieces, rubble). Related toSaterland FrisianPün(debris, fragments),West Frisianpún(debris, rubble),Dutchpuin(debris, fragments, rubbish),Low Germanpun(fragments).

    Alternative forms

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    Verb

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    pound (third-person singular simple presentpounds,present participlepounding,simple past and past participlepounded)

    1. (transitive) Tostrikehard, usuallyrepeatedly.
      Synonyms:hammer,pelt;see alsoThesaurus:hit
      • 1913,Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter XII, inMr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London:D[aniel] Appleton and Company,→OCLC:
        She had Lord James' collar in one big fist and shepounded the table with the other and talked a blue streak. Nobody could make out plain what she said, for she was mainly jabbering Swede lingo, but there was English enough, of a kind, to give us some idee.
      • 1960 December, “Talking of Trains: The railways and the Devon floods”, inTrains Illustrated, page709:
        [...] and on the Saturday heavy seaspounded the W.R. on its exposed coastal stretch between Dawlish and Teignmouth, loosening the ballast and forcing trains to proceed with extreme caution.
      • 1964,Bob Dylan, “Motorpsycho Nitemare”:
        Ipounded on a farmhouse / Lookin' for a place to stay / I was mighty, mighty tired / I had come a long, long way
    2. (transitive) Tocrush to pieces; topulverize.
      Synonyms:pulverate,triturate
      • 1887,Indian Cookery "Local" for Young Housekeepers: Second Edition, page67:
        Pound an onion, warm a spoonful of ghee and throw in the onion, brown it slightly, add your curry stuff, brown this till it smells pleasantly,[]
      • 1976,Alex Haley, chapter 1, inRoots: The Saga of an American Family:
        It was the hour before the first crowing of the cocks, and along with Nyo Boto and Grandma Yaisa's clattering, the first sound the child heard was the muted, rhythmic bombpabombpabomp of wooden pestles as the other women of the villagepounded couscous grain in their mortars, preparing the traditional breakfast of porridge that was cooked in earthen pots over a fire built among three rocks.
    3. (transitive, slang) Toeat ordrink veryquickly.
      Synonyms:bolt,down,chug;see alsoThesaurus:eat,Thesaurus:drink
      You reallypounded that beer!
      • 2007, “Fire Marshall Willy”, performed by The Dreadnoughts:
        The sounds of a house-party rolled down the street / So wepounded our Pilsner and leapt to our feet
    4. (transitive, baseball, slang) Topitchconsistently to a certain location.
      The pitcher has beenpounding the outside corner all night.
    5. (intransitive, of a body part, generally heart, blood, or head) Tobeatstrongly orthrob.
      As I tiptoed past the sleeping dog, my heart waspounding but I remained silent.
      My head waspounding.
      • 1936,Ernest Hemingway,The Short, Happy Life of Francis Macomber:
        It was now about three o’clock in the morning and Francis Macomber, who had been asleep a little while after he had stopped thinking about the lion, wakened and then slept again, woke suddenly, frightened in a dream of the bloody-headed lion standing over him, and listening while his heartpounded, he realized that his wife was not in the other cot in the tent.
      • 2015 May 12,Rachel Platten,Dave Bassett,Brian West, “Beating Me Up”, inFight Song[6], performed by Rachel Platten:
        I can't let go, you're like the chemical
        You're racing through me
        My heart justpounds,pounds,pounds...
    6. (transitive, vulgar, slang) Topenetratesexually, withvigour.
      Synonyms:drill,get up in,nail,poke;see alsoThesaurus:copulate with
      I waspounding her all night!
      • 2008,Gucci Mane, “Bachelor Pad”, inThe Movie:
        She acting, so I'm attacking, try break the mattress / Sexy, so I suggested to switch to sideways /Pounded for 'bout a hour she said she tired
    7. To advance heavily with measured steps.
      • 1899 February,Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, inBlackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, [],→OCLC, part I:
        Wepounded along, stopped, landed soldiers; went on, landed custom–house clerks to levy toll in what looked like a God–forsaken wilderness, with a tin shed and a flag–pole lost in it; landed more soldiers—to take care of the custom–house clerks, presumably.
    8. (engineering) To make ajarringnoise, as when running.
      The enginepounds.
    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    to strike hard repeatedly
    crush to pieces
    slang: eat or drink quickly
    baseball: to pitch consistently to a certain location
    to beat strongly or throb
    slang: to penetrate sexually, with vigour
    to advance heavily with measured steps
    to make a jarring noise

    Synonyms

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    See also

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    Noun

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    pound (pluralpounds)

    1. A hardblow.
      Synonym:pounding
    Translations
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    hard blow

    Middle English

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    FromOld Englishpund, in turn fromProto-West Germanic*pund, fromProto-Germanic*pundą, fromLatinpondō.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    pound (pluralpoundes orpounden orpound)

    1. A measurement for weight, most notably the Tower pound, merchant's pound or pound avoirdupois, or a weight of said measurement.
    2. Apound or other silver coin (including ancient coins), weighing one Tower pound of silver.
    3. Money or coinage in general, especially a great amount of it.

    Descendants

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    References

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    Romanian

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishpound.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    pound m (pluralpounzi)

    1. pound
      Synonym:livră

    Declension

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    singularplural
    indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
    nominative-accusativepoundpoundulpounzipounzii
    genitive-dativepoundpounduluipounzipounzilor
    vocativepoundulepounzilor

    Further reading

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    Turkish

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishpound.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    pound (definite accusativepoundı,pluralpoundlar)

    1. pound
      Synonym:sterlin

    Usage notes

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    • The declension found below is theoretical, in the sense that as pound isn't a very common word compared tosterlin, and isn't considered an "official" word found in the TDK dictionary, its declension remains to be seen.

    Declension

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    A user suggests that this Turkish entry be cleaned up, giving the reason:“manual inflection table should be moved to a template”.
    Please see the discussion onRequests for cleanup(+) or thetalk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.
    Declension of pound
    singular(tekil)plural(çoğul)
    nominative(yalın)poundpoundlar
    definite accusative(belirtme)pound'ı/pound'upound'ları
    dative(yönelme)poundapoundlara
    locative(bulunma)pounttapoundlarda
    ablative(ayrılma)pounttanpoundlardan
    genitive(tamlayan)poundın/poundunpoundların
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=pound&oldid=88196486"
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