Derived fromNew Latinlaryngeus +-al, fromlarynx(“larynx”) +-eus(adjectival suffix). Bysurface analysis,laryng- +-al or-ial.
laryngeal (notcomparable)
- (anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to thelarynx.
1871, S. G. Cook, “A Case of Hydrophobia”, inWilliam A. Hammond, editor,The Journal of Psychological Medicine: Diseases of the Nervous System, Medical Jurisprudence and Anthropology[1], volume 5,page83:At sight of it there commenced a series oflaryngeal spasms, with clutchings at his throat, far more violent than any I had heretofore seen.
- (phonetics, relational)(of aspeech sound) Made by or withconstriction of thelarynx with only the front part of thevocal cordsvibrating, giving a very lowfrequency and producing what is known as "creakyvoice."
of or pertaining to larynx
- Armenian:կոկորդային (hy)(kokordayin)
- Bulgarian:гръкля́нов(grǎkljánov)(anatomy),гръкля́нен(grǎkljánen)(phonetics)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin:喉頭的 /喉头的 (zh)(hóutóu de);喉的 (zh)(hóu de)
- Czech:hrtanový (cs),laryngální (cs)
- Finnish:kurkunpään (fi)(genitive of noun)
- French:laryngé (fr),laryngien (fr),laryngique
- Galician:larínxeo m
- German:kehlkopflich,Kehlkopf-
- Greek:λαρυγγικός (el)(laryngikós)
- Irish:laraingeach
- Italian:laringico
- Japanese:喉頭の (ja)(kōtō no)
- Latin:(New Latin)laryngeālis,laryngicus
- Polish:krtaniowy (pl),laryngalny
- Portuguese:laríngeo (pt),laringal
- Russian:горта́нный (ru)(gortánnyj),ларингеа́льный(laringeálʹnyj)
- Serbo-Croatian:lȁringālan,gr̀kljanskī (sh)
- Slovak:hrtanový (sk)
- Spanish:laríngeo
- Turkish:gırtlakçıl
- Volapük:larinik
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laryngeal (plurallaryngeals)
- (anatomy) Ananatomical part (such as anerve orartery) thatsupplies or is associated with thelarynx.
- (phonetics) Asounduttered by using thelarynx.
- (Indo-European linguistics) InProto-Indo-European, one of the typically threereconstructedconsonants usually marked as⟨h₁⟩,⟨h₂⟩ and⟨h₃⟩.
1940, J. Alexander Kerns, Benjamin Schwartz, “The Laryngeal Hypothesis and Indo-Hittite, Indo-European Vocalism”, inJournal of the American Oriental Society[2], volume60, number 2,→DOI, page183:The vowel-coloring effects of the IHlaryngeals cannot be considered apart from the vowel-reducing effect of the IH stress accent[…]
1995,Andrew L. Sihler,New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin[3], New York: Oxford University Press,→ISBN, page viii:[…]it is not only different from Buck's in the linguistics (laryngeals have seen to that); it is very different in scope and aim.
2006,Donald Ringe,From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[4], Oxford: Oxford University Press,→ISBN, page15:Finally, it should be noted thatlaryngeals not adjacent to syllabics were apparently deleted by three different rules.
The termlaryngeal in Indo-European studies is but an anachronistic misnomer, retained only because it has been established as a standard term for those three phonemes. The exact phonetic value ofProto-Indo-European laryngeals is unknown, but it's generally agreed that not all of them werereal laryngeals.
