Borrowed fromUpper Sorbiankoło, fromProto-Slavic*kolo.

• IPA^(key): /ˈkowɔ/

koło n

1. (literary)circularobject
2. round dance

• Lower Sorbian vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.)World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*kȍlo. First attested in the 14th century.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE)/ˈkɔɫɔ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE)/ˈkɔɫɔ/

koło n (diminutivekółko,related adjectivekołowy)

1. circle(round shape)
   • Middle of the 15th century,Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[2], page72:

     Kyedy nad Rzymem chodzylokolo yakoby slota korona (circulus... corona velut aurea)

     [Kiedy nad Rzymem chodziłokoło jakoby złota korona (circulus... corona velut aurea)]

2. (attested in Greater Poland)wheel(round device that allows a vehicle to move)
   • 1856-1870 [1399], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor,Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki‎^[3], volume VIII, number8335:

     Nicolaus... contra Zegotam... et contra IIII-or kmetones... pro XXX curribus sepis et pro XVcola

     [Nicolaus... contra Żegotam... et contra IIII-or kmetones... pro XXX curribus sepis et pro XVkoła]

   • c.1500,Wokabularz lubiński,Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page59r:

     Gumpha est pars rote eyn nab an dem rad spyczą vkolą

     [Gumpha est pars rote eyn nab an dem rad śpica ukoła]

   • c.1500,Wokabularz lubiński,Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page129v:

     Spula czolnek radius idem vel spyczą vkolą

     [Spula czołnek radius idem vel śpica ukola]

3. (attested in Greater Poland)wheel(spinning object i.e. on a mill)
   • 1959 [1426], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors,Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number1238,Poznań:

     Pani Przechna ne podnoslacola v mlyna w Zeloney Dambrowe visech, nysly iaco mlynarze crolewscy... vstavily

     [Pani Przechna nie podniosłakoła u młyna w Zielonej Dąbrowie wyszej, niżli jako młynarze krolewscy... ustawili]

• Polish:koło,kole(Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Kuyavia, Near Masovian, Malbork, Kielce, Western Lublin, Eastern Lublin, Lublin Voivodeship, Sieradz, Piotrków Voivodeship, Masovian Borderland, Łowicz),kiele(Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Near Masovian, Western Lublin, Eastern Lublin, Lublin Voivodeship),kele(Near Masovian)
• Silesian:koło

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “koło”, inSłownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie,→ISBN
• Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “koło”, inJan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors,Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
• Mańczak, Witold (2017), “koło”, inPolski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności,→ISBN
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “koło 1”, inEtymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur,Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “koło”, inSłownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków:IJP PAN,→ISBN
• Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “koło”, inRozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków:Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

PolishWikipedia has an article on:

koło

Wikipedia^pl

Inherited fromOld Polishkoło.Doublet ofkolo. Related toEnglishcycle andwheel.

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ɔwɔ
• Syllabification:ko‧ło
• Homophone:Koło

koło n (diminutivekółko)

1. circle(part of the plane bounded by a curve)

   Synonym:krąg

2. circle(line enclosing such a plane)

   Synonym:krąg

3. wheel(round simple machine allowing vehicles to move)

   napęd na czterykoła ―four-wheel drive

4. wheel(simple machine on an axis allowing for rotation)
5. circle(anything round)
6. circle(enclosure made by people usually holding hands, often as a children's game)
7. (historical)breaking wheel
8. circle(specific groups of persons; especially one who shares a common interest)

   Synonym:grono

9. (colloquial, chiefly in the genitive singular, or less frequently in the genitive plural)grand,one thousandzloty

   To kosztuje sześćkoła ―This costs sixthousand zloty.

10. (historical, in medieval Poland)assembly ofcouncilors,meeting of anassembly
11. kolo(Slavic dance in which dancers stand in a circle and hold hands)
12. (obsolete)bicycle(two wheeled vehicle, usually powered with the feet)

    Synonym:rower

13. (obsolete)rotatingfalsewardrobeleading to ahiddenroom(Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)

    Synonym:kołowrót

14. (Middle Polish, astronomy)orbit(path of celestial body)

    Synonym:orbita

15. (Middle Polish)The meaning of this term is uncertain.
    • 1557, M. Bielski,Komedyja Justyna i Konstancyjej‎^[4], page G4:

      Lepyey wynidź s cżyſtą myſlą w pole/ Niż ſie tocżyć w ciemne kąty wkole

      [Lepiej wynidź z czystą myślą w pole/ Niż się toczyć w ciemne kąty wkole]

According toSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990),koło (noun) is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 29 times in scientific texts, 58 times in news, 19 times in essays, 12 times in fiction, and 4 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 122 times, making it the 493rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

koło [withgenitive]

1. around,near,close to,next to,by

   Synonyms:niedaleko,obok,podle,przy

   Usiądźkoło niej. ―Sit near her.

2. (colloquial)around,about(in the vicinity of)

   Synonym:około

   koło dziewiątej ―at about nine o’clock

3. (archaic)in relation to

   Synonym:około

4. around(forming a circle around)

   Synonym:wokół

5. (obsolete)thanks to;because of

   Synonyms:dzięki,z powodu

6. (Middle Polish)about,concerning

   Synonym:o

7. (Middle Polish)when it comes to

   Synonym:jeśli chodzi o

• kole(Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Kuyavia, Near Masovian, Malbork, Kielce, Western Lublin, Eastern Lublin, Lublin Voivodeship, Sieradz, Piotrków Voivodeship, Masovian Borderland, Łowicz)
• kiele(Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Near Masovian, Western Lublin, Eastern Lublin, Lublin Voivodeship)
• kele(Near Masovian)

koło

1. about,around,approximately

   Synonym:około

• koło inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• koło in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa;Stanisław Rospond;Witold Taszycki;Stefan Hrabec;Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “1. koło”, inSłownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Maria Renata Mayenowa;Stanisław Rospond;Witold Taszycki;Stefan Hrabec;Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “2. koło”, inSłownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “KOŁO”, inElektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century],21.05.2014
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “koło”, inSłownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “koło”, inSłownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz,A. Kryński,W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “koło”, inSłownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page409
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “koło 2”, inEtymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)

SilesianWikipedia has an article on:

koło

Wikipedia^szl

Inherited fromOld Polishkoło.

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɔ.wɔ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ɔwɔ
• Syllabification:ko‧ło

koło n (diminutivekōłko)

1. circle(round shape)
2. (colloquial)edge of a circle
3. wheel(simple machine with an axle that allows for rotation, often allowing vehicles to move)
4. circle(group of people with similar interests)
5. bicycle(two wheeled vehicle, usually powered with the feet)

   Synonyms:(Cieszyn)bicykel,(derogatory)keciŏk,(jocular)pyńdzidło

koło

1. around,near,close to[withgenitive]

   Synonyms:blisko,kole,po blisku,przi,wedle,wele

• kolo in dykcjonorz.eu
• koło in silling.org

• Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
• Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
• Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
• Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
• Lower Sorbian terms borrowed from Upper Sorbian
• Lower Sorbian terms derived from Upper Sorbian
• Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
• Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
• Lower Sorbian lemmas
• Lower Sorbian nouns
• Lower Sorbian neuter nouns
• Lower Sorbian literary terms
• dsb:Dances
• Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
• Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷelh₁-
• Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
• Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
• Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
• Old Polish lemmas
• Old Polish nouns
• Old Polish neuter nouns
• Old Polish terms with quotations
• Greater Poland Old Polish
• zlw-opl:Shapes
• zlw-opl:Simple machines
• zlw-opl:Transport
• Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
• Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷelh₁-
• Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
• Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
• Polish terms derived from Old Polish
• Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
• Polish doublets
• Polish 2-syllable words
• Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
• Middle Polish
• Polish terms with audio pronunciation
• Rhymes:Polish/ɔwɔ
• Rhymes:Polish/ɔwɔ/2 syllables
• Polish terms with homophones
• Polish lemmas
• Polish nouns
• Polish neuter nouns
• Polish terms with collocations
• Polish terms with historical senses
• Polish colloquialisms
• Polish terms with obsolete senses
• pl:Astronomy
• Polish terms with uncertain meaning
• Polish terms with quotations
• Polish prepositions
• Polish terms with usage examples
• Polish terms with archaic senses
• Polish particles
• pl:Children's games
• pl:Collectives
• pl:Engineering
• pl:History of Poland
• pl:Shapes
• pl:Simple machines
• pl:Spinning
• pl:Transport
• pl:Torture
• pl:Weaving
• Silesian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷelh₁-
• Silesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
• Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
• Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
• Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
• Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
• Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
• Silesian terms with audio pronunciation
• Rhymes:Silesian/ɔwɔ
• Rhymes:Silesian/ɔwɔ/2 syllables
• Silesian lemmas
• Silesian nouns
• Silesian neuter nouns
• Silesian colloquialisms
• Silesian prepositions
• szl:Shapes
• szl:Simple machines
• szl:Transport

• Pages with entries
• Pages with 4 entries
• Pages with etymology trees
• Old Polish entries with etymology trees
• Old Polish entries with etymology texts
• Old Polish quotations with omitted translation
• Polish entries with etymology trees
• Polish entries with etymology texts
• Polish requests for English equivalent term
• Polish quotations with omitted translation
• Polish links with redundant wikilinks
• Polish links with redundant alt parameters
• Polish links with manual fragments
• Silesian entries with etymology trees
• Silesian entries with etymology texts