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kin

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "kin"
Languages (23)
Translingual • English
Afrikaans • Azerbaijani • Caolan • Czech • Dutch • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Hokkien • Hungarian • Ido • Japanese • Middle English • Navajo • Ngarrindjeri • Northern Kurdish • Nupe • Nǀuu • Sapa • Turkish • West Frisian • Yagara • Yola
Page categories

Translingual

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Etymology

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Clipping ofEnglishKinyarwanda orabbreviation ofRwanda-RundiIkinyarwanda.

Symbol

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kin

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-2 &ISO 639-3language code forKinyarwanda.

See also

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English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishkyn, fromOld Englishcynn(“kind, sort, rank”), fromProto-West Germanic*kuni, fromProto-Germanic*kunją(“race, generation, descent”), fromProto-Indo-European*ǵn̥h₁yom, from*ǵenh₁-(“to produce”).

Cognate withScotskin(“relatives, kinfolk”),North Frisiankinn,kenn(“gender, race, family, kinship”),Dutchkunne(“gender, sex”),Middle Low Germankunne(“gender, sex, race, family, lineage”),Danishkøn(“gender, sex”),Swedishkön(“gender, sex”),Icelandickyn(“gender”),Finnishkunnia(“honour, glory”),Ingriankunnia(“reputation”), and through Indo-European, with Latingenus(“kind, sort, ancestry, birth”), Ancient Greekγένος(génos,“kind, race”), Sanskritजनस्(jánas,“kind, race”), Albaniandhen(“(herd of) small cattle”).

Noun

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kin (countable anduncountable,pluralkinsorkin)

  1. Race;family;breed;kind.
  2. (collectively)Persons of the same race or family;kindred.
  3. One or morerelatives, such assiblings orcousins, taken collectively.
    • 2016, Saraswati Raju, Santosh Jatrana,Women Workers in Urban India, page280:
      Among those who derive information related to work from personal contacts, nonkins, rather thankins, constitute the most important sources even for women.
  4. Relationship;same-bloodedness oraffinity; nearconnection oralliance, as of those having commondescent.
Derived terms
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Translations
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relative—seerelative
relatives collectively
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
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Further reading
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Adjective

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kin (notcomparable)

  1. (uncommon) Related by blood or marriage, akin.(It is more common to form sentences using the noun instead.)
    It turns out my back-fence neighbor iskin to one of my co-workers.
    • 1914, Zona Gale,Neighborhood Stories, page155:
      ... and our feeling together had made us forget what-ever there'd been between us to forget about. And I ain't ever in my life felt sokin to folks. I feltkinner than I knew I was. That night, tired as I was, I walked […]
    • 1925, Therese Kayser Lindsey,Blue Norther: Texas Poems, page53:
      How serenely Earth keeps on her business![…] Yielding powers to man's hand / While he burrows in her sand, /[…] Howkin is she to man, who sips / Nourishment with boasting lips, / Detached, but inalienably bound /To be suckled […]
    • For quotations using this term, seeCitations:kin.
Translations
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related by blood or marriage

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromMandarin琴 (qín), from a non-palatal dialect akin toPeking; or less likely, fromJapanese琴(kin).

Noun

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kin (pluralkins)

  1. Alternative form ofqin(“Chinese string instrument”).
    • 1899, Hugo Riemann,Catechism of Musical History: History of musical instruments and history of tone-systems and notation:
      Originally they had only two cither-like instruments, which had flat sound-boxes without fingerboards, over which were strung rather a large number (25) of strings of twisted silk — the kin and tsche.
    • 1840, Elijah Coleman Bridgman, Samuel Wells Williams,The Chinese Repository, page40:
      If a musician were going to give a lecture upon the mathematical part of his art, he would find a very elegant substitute for the monochord in the Chinesekin.

Etymology 3

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Clipping offictionkin.

Verb

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kin (third-person singular simple presentkins,present participlekinning,simple past and past participlekinned)

  1. (transitive, fandomslang) Toidentify with; as inspiritually connect to a fictional or non-fictional being.

Noun

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kin (pluralkinsorkin)

  1. (fandomslang) A fictional or non-fictional being whom one spiritually connects to.(Can we add anexample for this sense? )
  2. (fandomslang, in the form(character name) kin) Someone who identifies with a certain fictionalcharacter.
    Alternative form:kinnie

Etymology 4

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Noun

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kin (pluralkins)

  1. Alternative form ofk'in.

Etymology 5

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Verb

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kin

  1. Pronunciation spelling ofcan.
    • 1959 January 5,Walt Kelly,Pogo, comic strip,→ISBN, page 4:
      [Owl:] Oh I ain't stealin' this dime... I just took it for safe-keepin'.
      [Turtle:] Ain't much youkin do with it—'cept make a phone call.

Etymology 6

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Noun

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kin (uncountable)

  1. (colloquial)Clipping ofkinesiology.

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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FromDutchkin, fromMiddle Dutchkinne, fromOld Dutchkinni, fromProto-Germanic*kinnuz, fromProto-Indo-European*ǵénus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kin (pluralkinne)

  1. alternative form ofken

Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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FromPersianکین.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kin (definite accusativekini,pluralkinlər)

  1. hiddenanger,spite,malice,grudge
    Synonym:ədavət

Declension

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Declension ofkin
singularplural
nominativekinkinlər
definite accusativekinikinləri
dativekinəkinlərə
locativekindəkinlərdə
ablativekindənkinlərdən
definite genitivekininkinlərin
Possessive forms ofkin
nominative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)kinimkinlərim
sənin(“your”)kininkinlərin
onun(“his/her/its”)kinikinləri
bizim(“our”)kinimizkinlərimiz
sizin(“your”)kininizkinləriniz
onların(“their”)kini orkinlərikinləri
accusative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)kinimikinlərimi
sənin(“your”)kininikinlərini
onun(“his/her/its”)kininikinlərini
bizim(“our”)kinimizikinlərimizi
sizin(“your”)kininizikinlərinizi
onların(“their”)kinini orkinlərinikinlərini
dative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)kiniməkinlərimə
sənin(“your”)kininəkinlərinə
onun(“his/her/its”)kininəkinlərinə
bizim(“our”)kinimizəkinlərimizə
sizin(“your”)kininizəkinlərinizə
onların(“their”)kininə orkinlərinəkinlərinə
locative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)kinimdəkinlərimdə
sənin(“your”)kinindəkinlərində
onun(“his/her/its”)kinindəkinlərində
bizim(“our”)kinimizdəkinlərimizdə
sizin(“your”)kininizdəkinlərinizdə
onların(“their”)kinində orkinlərindəkinlərində
ablative
singularplural
mənim(“my”)kinimdənkinlərimdən
sənin(“your”)kinindənkinlərindən
onun(“his/her/its”)kinindənkinlərindən
bizim(“our”)kinimizdənkinlərimizdən
sizin(“your”)kininizdənkinlərinizdən
onların(“their”)kinindən orkinlərindənkinlərindən
genitive
singularplural
mənim(“my”)kiniminkinlərimin
sənin(“your”)kinininkinlərinin
onun(“his/her/its”)kinininkinlərinin
bizim(“our”)kinimizinkinlərimizin
sizin(“your”)kininizinkinlərinizin
onların(“their”)kininin orkinlərininkinlərinin

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “kin” inObastan.com.

Caolan

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Verb

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kin

  1. toeat

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kin

  1. genitiveplural ofkino

Anagrams

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Dutch

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Dutchkinne, fromOld Dutchkinni, fromProto-West Germanic*kinnu, fromProto-Germanic*kinnuz, fromProto-Indo-European*ǵénus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kin f (pluralkinnen,diminutivekinnetje n)

  1. chin

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology

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FromPortuguesequem.

Pronoun

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kin

  1. who

Hokkien

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For pronunciation and definitions ofkin – see斤 (“catty, a unit ofweight”).
(This term is thepe̍h-ōe-jī form of斤).

Hungarian

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Etymology

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ki +‎-n

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kin

  1. superessivesingular ofki

See also

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Hungarian pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (see alsopostpositions)
casesuffixwho?what?thisthathe/she (it)1verbal
prefix		category
nominative–kimiezaző* / -∅
az / -∅		––
accusative-t /-ot /
-at / -et / -öt		kitmiteztaztőt* / -∅
azt / -∅		–c1
c2
dative-nak /-nekkinekminekennekannaknekineki-category
instrumental-val /-velkivelmivelezzel/
evvel		azzal/
avval		velecategory
causal-final-értkiértmiértezértazértérte–category
translative-vá /-vékivémivéezzéazzá––category
terminative-ig–meddigeddigaddig––category
essive-formal-ként(kiként)(miként)ekkéntakként––category
essive-modal-ul /-ül––––––category
inessive-ban /-benkibenmibenebbenabbanbenne–category
superessive-n/-on/-en/-önkinminezenazonrajta(rajta-)category
adessive-nál /-nélkinélminélennélannálnála–category
illative-ba /-bekibemibeebbeabbabelebele-category
sublative-ra /-rekiremireerrearrarárá-category
allative-hoz/-hez/-hözkihezmihezehhezahhozhozzáhozzá-category
elative-ból /-bőlkibőlmibőlebbőlabbólbelőle–category
delative-ról /-rőlkirőlmirőlerrőlarrólróla–category
ablative-tól /-tőlkitőlmitőlettőlattóltőle–category

1Ő andőt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise.
Forms in parentheses are uncommon.All Hungarian pronouns /edit this template

Ido

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Ido numbers(edit)
50
 ←  456  → 
   Cardinal:kin
   Ordinal:kinesma
   Adverbial:kinfoye
   Multiplier:kinopla
   Fractional:kinima

Etymology

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FromFrenchcinq,Spanishcinco,Italiancinque, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*pénkʷe.

Numeral

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kin

  1. five (5)

Japanese

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Romanization

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kin

  1. Rōmaji transcription ofきん

Middle English

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Noun

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kin

  1. alternative form ofkyn(“kin”)

Navajo

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Etymology

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CompareDogribkǫ̀.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kin

  1. market,store
    Kingóódéyá. ―I am going to the store.
  2. house,cabin,building
  3. town

Inflection

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Possessives ofkin
singularduopluralplural
1st personshikinnihikindanihikin
2nd personnikinnihikindanihikin
3rd personbikin
4th person (3o)yikin
4th person (3a)hakin
Indefinite (3i)akin

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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See also

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Ngarrindjeri

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Pronoun

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kin

  1. him

Northern Kurdish

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Adjective

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kin (comparativekintir,superlativeherî kin)

  1. short

Synonyms

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Nupe

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Pronunciation

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Nǀuu

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kin

  1. (simple)third personpluralpersonal pronoun;they,them
    Kin ke dyaqn
    They walk
Nǀuu personal pronouns
Western dialectEastern dialect
A-formSimpleClickA-formSimpleClick
1stsingularnangnǀngnyangnǀng
pluralinclusivecaigǀicaigǀi
Exclusivesasi/sasi/
2stSingularaagǀaaagǀa
Pluralbaugǀubaugǀu
3stsingularkuaku/kuaku/
H-formhaha/haha/
pluralkinakin/kinakin/
H-formhnahn /hng/hnahn /hng/
Indefiniteǂaǂi/ǂaǂi/
Click form: The form used in the question starts with the first or second personal pronouns. It can also be used before the linker(ng).

A-form: The form used in declarative sentence.
H-form: The form often used in possessors, especially stories.


Determiner

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kin

  1. their

Synonyms

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References

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  • Shah, Sheena, and Matthias Brenzinger. Ouma Geelmeid ke kx’u ǁxaǁxa Nǀuu. Cape Town: CALDi, University of Cape Town. 2016.http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17432.
  • Sands, Bonny & Jones, Kerry & Esau, Katrina & Collins, Chris & Witzlack-Makarevich, Alena & Job, Sylvanus & Miller, Amanda & Steyn, Betta & Zaanen, Menno & Namaseb, Levi & Berg, Dietloff & Mantzel, Dotty & Damarah, Willem & Snyman, Claudia & Wyk, David & Brugman, Johanna & Exter, Mats & Vaalbooi, Antjie & Westhuizen, Mietjie. (2022). Nǀuuki Namagowab Afrikaans English ǂXoakiǂxanisi/Mîdi di ǂKhanis/Woordeboek/Dictionary

Sapa

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Verb

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kin

  1. toeat

Turkish

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOttoman Turkishكین(kin,“a grudge, concealed desire of revenge, malice”),.[1][2] fromPersianكین(kin) orکینه(kine,“hatred, rancor, malevolence”).[3]Doublet ofpenaltı.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /cin/,(before suffixes beginning with vowels)/ciːn/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation:kin

Noun

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kin (definite accusativekini,pluralkinler)

  1. grudge, desire totake revenge
    Synonym:garaz

Declension

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Declension ofkin
singularplural
nominativekinkinler
definite accusativekinikinleri
dativekinekinlere
locativekindekinlerde
ablativekindenkinlerden
genitivekininkinlerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singularplural
1st singularkinimkinlerim
2nd singularkininkinlerin
3rd singularkinikinleri
1st pluralkinimizkinlerimiz
2nd pluralkininizkinleriniz
3rd pluralkinlerikinleri
definite accusative
singularplural
1st singularkinimikinlerimi
2nd singularkininikinlerini
3rd singularkininikinlerini
1st pluralkinimizikinlerimizi
2nd pluralkininizikinlerinizi
3rd pluralkinlerinikinlerini
dative
singularplural
1st singularkinimekinlerime
2nd singularkininekinlerine
3rd singularkininekinlerine
1st pluralkinimizekinlerimize
2nd pluralkininizekinlerinize
3rd pluralkinlerinekinlerine
locative
singularplural
1st singularkinimdekinlerimde
2nd singularkinindekinlerinde
3rd singularkinindekinlerinde
1st pluralkinimizdekinlerimizde
2nd pluralkininizdekinlerinizde
3rd pluralkinlerindekinlerinde
ablative
singularplural
1st singularkinimdenkinlerimden
2nd singularkinindenkinlerinden
3rd singularkinindenkinlerinden
1st pluralkinimizdenkinlerimizden
2nd pluralkininizdenkinlerinizden
3rd pluralkinlerindenkinlerinden
genitive
singularplural
1st singularkiniminkinlerimin
2nd singularkinininkinlerinin
3rd singularkinininkinlerinin
1st pluralkinimizinkinlerimizin
2nd pluralkininizinkinlerinizin
3rd pluralkinlerininkinlerinin

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^Redhouse, James W. (1890), “كین”, inA Turkish and English Lexicon‎[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian,page1615
  2. ^Kélékian, Diran (1911), “كین”, inDictionnaire turc-français‎[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran,page1069
  3. ^Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “kin”, inNişanyan Sözlük

Further reading

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West Frisian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromMiddle Low Germankinne,kin, fromOld Saxonkinni. The inherited Old Frisian form waszin.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kin n (pluralkinnen,diminutivekintsje)

  1. chin

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “kin”, inWurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch),2011

Yagara

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Noun

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kin

  1. alternative form ofginn

References

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Yola

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Noun

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kin

  1. alternative form ofken
    • 1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page100:
      Heal, griue, ankin, apaa thee, graacuse Forth,
      Health, wealth, andregard upon thee, gracious Forth,

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867,page49
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