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kale

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Appendix:Variations of "kale"

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

kale

Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromNorthern Middle Englishcale,cal (Southerncol), fromOld Englishcāl,cāul,cāwel, fromLatincaulis. CompareIcelandickál(“cabbage”),GermanKohl(“cabbage”).Doublet ofcaulis,cole, andgobi.

Pronunciation

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(UK, US, Canada)IPA^(key): /keɪl/
(General Australian)IPA^(key): /kæɪl/
- Audio(General Australian): (file)
Rhymes:-eɪl
Hyphenation:kale

Noun

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kale (usuallyuncountable,pluralkales)

An edible plant, similar tocabbage, with curled leaves that do not form a dense head (Brassica oleracea var.acephala)
Synonym:borecole
Any of several cabbage-like food plants that are kinds ofBrassica oleracea.
(cooking)Broth containing kale as a chief ingredient.
(dated, slang)Money.
- 1921,Edgar Rice Burroughs,The Efficiency Expert‎^[1], HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published2012:
  I’ll bet he takes nine-tenths of hiskale from women and children, and he’s an honored citizen.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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→ Japanese:ケール(kēru)

Translations

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edible plant:Brassica oleracea acephala

Afrikaans:boerkool
Albanian:lakër jeshile
Arabic:كُرْنُب أَجْعَد(kurnub ʔajʕad)
Bulgarian:къдраво зеле n(kǎdravo zele)
Catalan:col arrissada
Chinese:
Mandarin:羽衣甘藍 /羽衣甘蓝(yǔyī gānlán)
Czech:kadeřávek (cs) m
Danish:grønkål c
Dutch:boerenkool (nl) f
Esperanto:krispa brasiko (eo)
Faroese:grønkál n
Finnish:lehtikaali (fi)
French:chou frisé (fr) m
Galician:col (gl) f,verza (gl) f
Georgian:კალე(ḳale),ხუჭუჭა კომბოსტო(xuč̣uč̣a ḳombosṭo)
German:Grünkohl (de),Federkohl m(Switzerland)
Greek:λαχανίδα (el) f(lachanída)
Hungarian:kel (hu),fodros kel (hu),leveles kel
Icelandic:grænkál (is)
Irish:cál m
Italian:cavolo nero m,cavolo riccio m
Japanese:ケール(kēru),緑葉甘藍(ryokuyō kanran),羽衣甘藍(hagoromo kanran)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish:کەیڵ(keyll)
Kyrgyz:бакча капустасы (ky)(bakca kapustası),жем капуста (ky)(jem kapusta)
Lao:ຜັກຜະລິດນ້າ(phak pha lit nā)
Latin:crambe f
Low German:
Dutch Low Saxon:mous(Gronings)
Macedonian:кељ m(kelj),кел m(kel)
Norwegian:grønnkål c
Persian:کلم برگ(kalam barg)
Polish:jarmuż (pl) m
Portuguese:couve-de-folhas f
Romanian:varză verde f
Russian:кале́ (ru) n(kalé),листова́я капу́ста f(listovája kapústa),грюнко́ль (ru) m(grjunkólʹ),браунко́ль m(braunkólʹ)
Scots:kail
Serbo-Croatian:kelj (sh) m,кељ m
Slovak:kel m
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian:zeleny kał m,wuchacowy kał m
Spanish:col rizada f,kale (es) m(keil),repollo crespo m,berza rizosa f
Swedish:grönkål (sv) c
Thai:please add this translation if you can
Turkish:lahana (tr),kelem (tr)
Ukrainian:кейл(kejl)
Vietnamese:cải xoăn
Welsh:bresych deiliog (cy) m,cêl (cy) m

Anagrams

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Akel,Alek,Lake,Leak,lake,leak

Alemannic German

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchcailler, fromLatincoāgulō.

Verb

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kale

(Uri) tocongeal,curdle

References

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Abegg, Emil, (1911)Die Mundart von Urseren (Beiträge zur Schweizerdeutschen Grammatik. IV.) [The Dialect of Urseren], Frauenfeld, Switzerland: Huber & Co., page 63.

Basque

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatincallem.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /kale/[ka.le]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ale,-e
Hyphenation:ka‧le

Noun

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kale inan

street

Declension

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Declension ofkale(inan V-stem)
	indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive	kale	kalea	kaleak	kaleok
ergative	kalek	kaleak	kaleek	kaleok
dative	kaleri	kaleari	kaleei	kaleoi
genitive	kaleren	kalearen	kaleen	kaleon
comitative	kalerekin	kalearekin	kaleekin	kaleokin
causative	kalerengatik	kalearengatik	kaleengatik	kaleongatik
benefactive	kalerentzat	kalearentzat	kaleentzat	kaleontzat
instrumental	kalez	kaleaz	kaleez	kaleotaz
innesive	kaletan	kalean	kaleetan	kaleotan
locative	kaletako	kaleko	kaleetako	kaleotako
allative	kaletara	kalera	kaleetara	kaleotara
terminative	kaletaraino	kaleraino	kaleetaraino	kaleotaraino
directive	kaletarantz	kalerantz	kaleetarantz	kaleotarantz
destinative	kaletarako	kalerako	kaleetarako	kaleotarako
ablative	kaletatik	kaletik	kaleetatik	kaleotatik
partitive	kalerik	—	—	—
prolative	kaletzat	—	—	—

Derived terms

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Czech

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ˈkalɛ]

Verb

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kale

masculine singular present transgressive ofkalit

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Audio: (file)

Adjective

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kale

inflection ofkaal:

Anagrams

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lake

Finnish

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FinnishWikipedia has an article on:

kale

Wikipedia^fi

Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*kalëh(“husk, chaff”), probably borrowed and derived fromProto-Germanic*skalō.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈkɑleˣ/,[ˈkɑ̝le̞(ʔ)]
Rhymes:-ɑle
Syllabification^(key):ka‧le
Hyphenation^(key):ka‧le

Noun

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kale

(botany)glume

Declension

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Inflection ofkale (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative		kale	kaleet
genitive		kaleen	kaleiden kaleitten
partitive		kaletta	kaleita
illative		kaleeseen	kaleisiin kaleihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kale	kaleet
accusative	nom.	kale	kaleet
accusative	gen.	kaleen	kaleet
genitive		kaleen	kaleiden kaleitten
partitive		kaletta	kaleita
inessive		kaleessa	kaleissa
elative		kaleesta	kaleista
illative		kaleeseen	kaleisiin kaleihin
adessive		kaleella	kaleilla
ablative		kaleelta	kaleilta
allative		kaleelle	kaleille
essive		kaleena	kaleina
translative		kaleeksi	kaleiksi
abessive		kaleetta	kaleitta
instructive		—	kalein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms ofkale(Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		kaleeni	kaleeni
accusative	nom.	kaleeni	kaleeni
accusative	gen.	kaleeni	kaleeni
genitive		kaleeni	kaleideni kaleitteni
partitive		kalettani	kaleitani
inessive		kaleessani	kaleissani
elative		kaleestani	kaleistani
illative		kaleeseeni	kaleisiini kaleihini
adessive		kaleellani	kaleillani
ablative		kaleeltani	kaleiltani
allative		kaleelleni	kaleilleni
essive		kaleenani	kaleinani
translative		kaleekseni	kaleikseni
abessive		kaleettani	kaleittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	kaleineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		kaleesi	kaleesi
accusative	nom.	kaleesi	kaleesi
accusative	gen.	kaleesi	kaleesi
genitive		kaleesi	kaleidesi kaleittesi
partitive		kalettasi	kaleitasi
inessive		kaleessasi	kaleissasi
elative		kaleestasi	kaleistasi
illative		kaleeseesi	kaleisiisi kaleihisi
adessive		kaleellasi	kaleillasi
ablative		kaleeltasi	kaleiltasi
allative		kaleellesi	kaleillesi
essive		kaleenasi	kaleinasi
translative		kaleeksesi	kaleiksesi
abessive		kaleettasi	kaleittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	kaleinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		kaleemme	kaleemme
accusative	nom.	kaleemme	kaleemme
accusative	gen.	kaleemme	kaleemme
genitive		kaleemme	kaleidemme kaleittemme
partitive		kalettamme	kaleitamme
inessive		kaleessamme	kaleissamme
elative		kaleestamme	kaleistamme
illative		kaleeseemme	kaleisiimme kaleihimme
adessive		kaleellamme	kaleillamme
ablative		kaleeltamme	kaleiltamme
allative		kaleellemme	kaleillemme
essive		kaleenamme	kaleinamme
translative		kaleeksemme	kaleiksemme
abessive		kaleettamme	kaleittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	kaleinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		kaleenne	kaleenne
accusative	nom.	kaleenne	kaleenne
accusative	gen.	kaleenne	kaleenne
genitive		kaleenne	kaleidenne kaleittenne
partitive		kalettanne	kaleitanne
inessive		kaleessanne	kaleissanne
elative		kaleestanne	kaleistanne
illative		kaleeseenne	kaleisiinne kaleihinne
adessive		kaleellanne	kaleillanne
ablative		kaleeltanne	kaleiltanne
allative		kaleellenne	kaleillenne
essive		kaleenanne	kaleinanne
translative		kaleeksenne	kaleiksenne
abessive		kaleettanne	kaleittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	kaleinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		kaleensa	kaleensa
accusative	nom.	kaleensa	kaleensa
accusative	gen.	kaleensa	kaleensa
genitive		kaleensa	kaleidensa kaleittensa
partitive		kalettaan kalettansa	kaleitaan kaleitansa
inessive		kaleessaan kaleessansa	kaleissaan kaleissansa
elative		kaleestaan kaleestansa	kaleistaan kaleistansa
illative		kaleeseensa	kaleisiinsa kaleihinsa
adessive		kaleellaan kaleellansa	kaleillaan kaleillansa
ablative		kaleeltaan kaleeltansa	kaleiltaan kaleiltansa
allative		kaleelleen kaleellensa	kaleilleen kaleillensa
essive		kaleenaan kaleenansa	kaleinaan kaleinansa
translative		kaleekseen kaleeksensa	kaleikseen kaleiksensa
abessive		kaleettaan kaleettansa	kaleittaan kaleittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	kaleineen kaleinensa

Anagrams

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Kela,kela,leka

Ladino

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Etymology

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Perhaps fromCatalancal, from the verbcaldre; perhaps influenced byPortuguesecabe, from the verbcaber.

Verb

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kale

(defective)should orought to

Lithuanian

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Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Noun

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kalè

instrumental singular ofkalė̃(“bitch”)

Noun

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kãle

vocative singular ofkãle(“bitch”)

Lower Sorbian

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈkalɛ/

Noun

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kale

locative singular ofkał

Makasar

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ˈkalɛ]

Noun

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kale (Lontara spellingᨀᨒᨙ)

body

Middle English

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Noun

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kale

alternative form ofcol

Moore

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Etymology

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fromFrenchcaler

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ká.le/

Verb

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kale

to hold or block with a wedge

Morelos Nahuatl

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Noun

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kale

house

Polish

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈka.lɛ/
Rhymes:-alɛ
Syllabification:ka‧le

Noun

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kale m

locative/vocative singular ofkał

Romani

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Adjective

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kale

inflection ofkalo:
1. nominative plural
2. oblique masculinesingular/femininesingular/plural

Serbo-Croatian

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Verb

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kale (Cyrillic spellingкале)

third-person plural present ofkáliti

Noun

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kale (Cyrillic spellingкале)

accusative plural ofkal

Swahili

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Etymology

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From the fossilized class 12 form of the distal demonstrative-le.

Pronunciation

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Audio(Kenya): (file)

Noun

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kale classIX (pluralkale class X)

antiquity, thepast

Adjective

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-a kale (invariable)

ancient,old

Synonyms

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ukale

Antonyms

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-pya

Swedish

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Adjective

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kale

definite natural masculine singular ofkal

Turkish

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOttoman Turkishقلعه(kal'a),قله(kale), fromClassical Persianقلعه(qal'a), fromArabicقَلْعَةٌ(qalʕatun,“fort, fortress”). Compare alsoAzerbaijaniqala,Uzbekqala,Kazakhқала(qala), etc.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /kɑˈle/,[kɑ̈.l̠ʲe̞]
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation:ka‧le

Noun

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kale (definite accusativekaleyi,pluralkaleler)

fort,castle,fortress,stronghold
(chess)rook
(sports)goal (an area into which the players attempt to put the ball)
(politics)stronghold (of an ideology)

Declension

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Declension ofkale

	singular	plural
nominative	kale	kaleler
definite accusative	kaleyi	kaleleri
dative	kaleye	kalelere
locative	kalede	kalelerde
ablative	kaleden	kalelerden
genitive	kalenin	kalelerin

Possessive forms
nominative
	singular	plural
1st singular	kalem	kalelerim
2nd singular	kalen	kalelerin
3rd singular	kalesi	kaleleri
1st plural	kalemiz	kalelerimiz
2nd plural	kaleniz	kaleleriniz
3rd plural	kaleleri	kaleleri
definite accusative
	singular	plural
1st singular	kalemi	kalelerimi
2nd singular	kaleni	kalelerini
3rd singular	kalesini	kalelerini
1st plural	kalemizi	kalelerimizi
2nd plural	kalenizi	kalelerinizi
3rd plural	kalelerini	kalelerini
dative
	singular	plural
1st singular	kaleme	kalelerime
2nd singular	kalene	kalelerine
3rd singular	kalesine	kalelerine
1st plural	kalemize	kalelerimize
2nd plural	kalenize	kalelerinize
3rd plural	kalelerine	kalelerine
locative
	singular	plural
1st singular	kalemde	kalelerimde
2nd singular	kalende	kalelerinde
3rd singular	kalesinde	kalelerinde
1st plural	kalemizde	kalelerimizde
2nd plural	kalenizde	kalelerinizde
3rd plural	kalelerinde	kalelerinde
ablative
	singular	plural
1st singular	kalemden	kalelerimden
2nd singular	kalenden	kalelerinden
3rd singular	kalesinden	kalelerinden
1st plural	kalemizden	kalelerimizden
2nd plural	kalenizden	kalelerinizden
3rd plural	kalelerinden	kalelerinden
genitive
	singular	plural
1st singular	kalemin	kalelerimin
2nd singular	kalenin	kalelerinin
3rd singular	kalesinin	kalelerinin
1st plural	kalemizin	kalelerimizin
2nd plural	kalenizin	kalelerinizin
3rd plural	kalelerinin	kalelerinin