illata
Thestative types of the sense verbsfeel,smell, andtaste are uncommon in Hungarian (i.e., those expressing some sensory information conveyed, in contrast to the voluntary actions of using these senses or the involuntary perception). Instead, adjectival (-ú/-ű/-jú/-jű) and possessive (…-a/-e/-ja/-jevan) constructions are used, and these are also applicable for sound. (The first two rows are for action verbs and perception verbs that behave similarly to English.)
| see / look | hear / sound | smell | taste | feel / touch | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Action verb | (meg)néz | (meg)hallgat | (meg)szagol | (meg)kóstol, (literary) (meg)ízlel | megfog, (meg)tapint, (meg)tapogat | |
| Perception verb | lát | hall | érez | |||
| Sta- tive | verb | látszik,tűnik, kinéz,fest | hangzik hallatszik | (érződik or archaicérzik) affecting one:esik(jólesik / rosszulesik) | ||
| adjective | …kinézetű /külsejű (someone’s appearance) | …hangú, …hangzású | …szagú(bad/neutral) …illatú(pleasant) | …ízű | …tapintású | |
| possessive | … kinézete / külseje van … akinézete / külseje | …hangjavan … ahangja | …szaga /illatavan …a szaga / …az illata | …ízevan … azíze | …tapintásavan … atapintása | |
On the other hand, certain verbs can express particular sensory impressions, e.g.illatozik(“to smell sweet, to be fragrant”) andbűzlik(“to stink, to reek”).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | illata | — |
| accusative | illatát | — |
| dative | illatának | — |
| instrumental | illatával | — |
| causal-final | illatáért | — |
| translative | illatává | — |
| terminative | illatáig | — |
| essive-formal | illataként | — |
| essive-modal | illatául | — |
| inessive | illatában | — |
| superessive | illatán | — |
| adessive | illatánál | — |
| illative | illatába | — |
| sublative | illatára | — |
| allative | illatához | — |
| elative | illatából | — |
| delative | illatáról | — |
| ablative | illatától | — |
| non-attributive possessive – singular | illatáé | — |
| non-attributive possessive – plural | illatáéi | — |
illāta
illātā