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ihr

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:IhrandIHR

Bavarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOld High Germanira.

Determiner

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ihr

  1. (possessive)her
Declension
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Declension ofihr
singularplural
masculinefeminineneuter
nominativeihrihrihrihre
dativeihrmihrerihrmihrare
accusativeihrnihrihrihrane
Derived terms
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See also

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Bavarian possessive pronouns
attributive
(nominative case)		independent
singularplural
singular1st personmeimeinemeins
2nd personinformaldeideinedeins
formalEahnaEahnareEahnas
3rd personm,nseiseineseins
fihrihreihrs
plural1st personunsaunsareunsas
2nd personeiaeireeias
3rd personeahnaeahnareeahnas

Etymology 2

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FromOld High Germaniru,iro.

Pronoun

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ihr

  1. dative ofsie

German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle High Germanir, fromOld High Germanir, fromProto-West Germanic*jiʀ, fromProto-Germanic*jīz. Cognate withLow Germanji,jie,Yiddishאיר(ir),Dutchjij,gij,je,Middle Dutchir,Englishye,Gothic𐌾𐌿𐍃(jūs).

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ihr pl

  1. you,ye(plural, familiar)
Usage notes
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  • This form is the plural ofdu, which is used chiefly towards people with whom one is privately acquainted (see there). One usesihr towards a group of people if one would address every individual in that group withdu. However, the pluralihr is somewhat less familiar than the singulardu, meaning that it can sometimes be used in semi-formal situations wheredu towards an individual would not be appropriate. Learners should still, in any case of doubt, useSie in order to be on the safe side.
  • The formIhr (capitalized in writing) was formerly the polite second-person form for both singular and plural (compare Frenchvous and Early Modern Englishyou) and was used instead of contemporarySie. Such usage still survives dialectally in some areas, and is encountered in historical contexts (e.g. fiction taking place in the distant past), but is otherwise rarely heard in standard German.
  • The genitive pronouns are very rare. They are used only in literary and formal style as a genitive object for certain adjectives, prepositions, or verbs which govern the genitive, such asentbehren andgedenken.
  • In the late 18th century and in the first half of the 19th century, the genitive was alsoeurer instead ofeuer, e.g.ich erinnere mich eurer instead ofich erinnere mich euer.[1][2][3][4][5]
Declension
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German personal pronouns
singularpluralsing. and pl.
1st person2nd person
familiar1		3rd person1st person2nd person
familiar1		3rd person2nd person
polite/formal
mfn
nominativeichdu
-e2		ersie
-se2		eswirihrsie
-se2		Sie
Ihr3
genitivemeiner
mein3		deiner
dein3		seiner
sein3		ihrerseiner
sein3		unsereuerihrerIhrer
Euer3
dativemirdirihmihrihmunseuchihnenIhnen
Euch3
accusativemichdichihnsie
-se2		esunseuchsie
-se2		Sie
Euch3

1These forms are sometimes capitalized, especially in letters.   2enclitic,colloquial   3archaic

In older language the genitive is also writtenewer and the accusative and dative sometimesewch.

Etymology 2

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FromOld High Germaniru,iro.

Pronoun

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ihr

  1. dative ofsie
    Hast duihr das Buch gegeben?
    Did you giveher the book?

Etymology 3

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FromOld High Germanira.

Determiner

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ihr

  1. her(possessive)
    Laura hat mirihr neues Auto gezeigt.
    Laura showed meher new car.
    Die Katze spielt oft mitihren Spielsachen.
    The cat often plays withher toys.
  2. its(when the owning object/article/thing/animal etc., referred to, is feminine)
    die Sonne undihre Wärme
    the sun andits warmth
Declension
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Declension ofihr
singularplural
mfn
nominativeihrihreihrihre
genitiveihresihrerihresihrer
dativeihremihrerihremihren
accusativeihrenihreihrihre

Etymology 4

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FromOld High Germaniro.

Determiner

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ihr

  1. their
    Die Kinder spielen mitihrem Hund.
    The kids are playing withtheir dog.
    die Wolken undihre Schönheit
    the clouds andtheir beauty
Declension
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Declension ofihr
singularplural
mfn
nominativeihrihreihrihre
genitiveihresihrerihresihrer
dativeihremihrerihremihren
accusativeihrenihreihrihre

References

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  1. ^Karl Ferdinand Becker:Schulgrammatik der deutschen Sprache. Vierte neubearbeitete Ausgabe. Frankfurt am Main, 1839, p. 143.
  2. ^Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, inGötz von Berlichingen: „Götz. Ich erinnere mich eurer nicht.“
  3. ^Shakspeare, translated by Aug. Wilh. v. Schlegel and Ludwig Tieck, inMaaß für Maaß: „Herzog. Ich erinnere mich eurer, Herr, an dem Ton eurer Stimme[.]“
  4. ^Konrad Duden:Vollständiges Orthographisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. Sechste, verbesserte und vermehrte Auflage. Leipzig and Wien, 1900, p. 102: „euer (Genitiv von ihr); euer (nicht: eurer) sind drei; ich erinnere mich euer (nicht: eurer)“
  5. ^Wahrig: Die deutsche Rechtschreibung. Band 1: A–K. Bertelsmann Lexikon Institut, 2007, p. 529: „ich gedenke euer, ich erinnere mich euer (falsch:eurer)“

Further reading

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Mokilese

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ihr

  1. first person inclusive remote plural; all of them

Usage notes

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Like other remote plural pronouns,ihr is rare. It is used to refer to a large group of people who are not present.

See also

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Mokilese personal pronouns
singular1st personngoah,ngoahi
2nd personkoah,koawoa
3rd personih
dual1st person exclusivekisa
1st person inclusivekama
2nd personkamwa
3rd personara,ira
plural1st person exclusivekisai
1st person inclusivekamai
2nd personkamwai
3rd personarai,irai
remote plural1st person exclusivekihs
1st person inclusivekimi
2nd personkimwi
3rd personihr
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