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	subject		object		possessive			reflexive	genitive⁵
singular	full	unstr.	full	unstr.	full	unstr.	pred.
1st person	ik	'k¹	mij	me	mijn	m'n¹	mijne	me	mijner,mijns
2nd person	jij	je	jou	je	jouw	je	jouwe	je	jouwer,jouws
2nd person archaic orregiolectal	gij	ge	u	–	uw	–	uwe	u	uwer,uws
2nd person formal	u	–	u	–	uw	–	uwe	u,zich⁷	uwer,uws
3rd person masculine	hij	ie¹	hem	'm¹	zijn	z'n¹	zijne	zich	zijner,zijns
3rd person feminine	zij	ze	haar	h'r¹,'r¹,d'r¹	haar	h'r¹,'r¹,d'r¹	hare	zich	harer,haars
3rd person neuter	het	't¹	het	't¹	zijn	z'n¹	zijne	zich	zijner,zijns
3rd person gender-neutral⁸	hen	–	hen	–	hun	–	hunne	zich	hunner,huns
plural
1st person	wij	we	ons	–	ons,onze²	–	onze	ons	onzer,onzes
2nd person	jullie	je	jullie	je	jullie	je	–	je	–
2nd person archaic orregiolectal⁶	gij	ge	u	–	uw	–	uwe	u	uwer,uws
2nd person formal	u	–	u	–	uw	–	uwe	u,zich⁷	uwer,uws
3rd person	zij	ze	hen³,hun⁴	ze	hun	–	hunne	zich	hunner,huns
¹⁾ Not as common in written language. ²⁾ Inflected as anadjective. ³⁾ Inprescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). ⁴⁾ Inprescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). ⁵⁾ Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. ⁶⁾ To differentiate from the singulargij,gelle (object formelle) and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms aregijlieden andgijlui ("you people").				⁷⁾Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronounu, e.g.Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronounu is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g.U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Onlyu can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g.Meld u aan! 'Log in!', whereu is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, bothu andzich are equally possible, e.g.U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.' ⁸⁾ Not officially recognized in standard Dutch. It has gained popularity, especially in mainstream media and queer circles, as a respectful term fornon-binary individuals.

Alternative forms

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'ie(obsolete)

Etymology 3

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Ultimately fromOld Dutchio.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /i/
Audio: (file)

Adverb

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(obsolete)always,every time,continuously
(obsolete)ever, sometime, at some point

Usage notes

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Was entirely replaced by words likealtijd ("always, every time") andooit ("ever, sometime, at some point") by the late 16th century.

Related terms

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Anagrams

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Esperanto

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Etymology

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Fromi-(indeterminatecorrelative prefix) +‎-e(correlative suffix of place).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈie/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ie
Hyphenation: i‧e

Adverb

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ie (accusativeien)

somewhere (indeterminate correlative of place)

Derived terms

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ie ajn(“anywhere”)

Esperanto correlatives
	interrogative	demonstrative	indefinite	universal	negative
ki-	ti-	i-	ĉi-	neni-
kind of, sort of	-a	kia	tia	ia	ĉia	nenia
reason	-al	kial	tial	ial	ĉial	nenial
time	-am	kiam	tiam	iam	ĉiam	neniam
place	-e	kie	tie	ie	ĉie	nenie
motion	-en	kien	tien	ien	ĉien	nenien
manner	-el	kiel	tiel	iel	ĉiel	neniel
possessive	-es	kies	ties	ies	ĉies	nenies
demonstrative pronoun	-o	kio	tio	io	ĉio	nenio
amount	-om	kiom	tiom	iom	ĉiom	neniom
demonstrative determiner	-u	kiu	tiu	iu	ĉiu	neniu

Japanese

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Romanization

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Rōmaji transcription ofいえ

Ladin

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Verb

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(Val Gardena)third-person singular present indicative ofester -is

Maltese

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ɪː/
IPA^(key): /ɛː/(before vowelisedgħ/h + consonant)

Letter

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ie (upper caseIe)

The thirteenthletter of the Maltesealphabet, written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

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Ie was made a letter in its own right only in the 1990s. In older dictionaries, lists, etc., it is treated asi +e.
Ie is used in stressed syllables only. When unstressed, it is reduced toe ori. In closed syllables, the reduction is generallye; in open syllables it is predominantlyi, but both may be possible.
Before the lettersgħ,ħ,h,q, the long vowel phonemesi andie merge. The orthographic distinction is based on etymology and morphological analogy, which causes rather frequent spelling errors even in edited texts.

Middle French

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Alternative forms

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je,i',j'(elided)

Pronoun

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I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

Descendants

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French:je,j'
Norman:jeo,je

Middle Scots

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Noun

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alternative form ofee(“eye”)

Murui Huitoto

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ie
Root	Classifier
ie-	—

Etymology

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Cognate withMinica Huitotoie.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ˈijɛ]
Hyphenation:i‧e

Noun

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that, theaforementioned

Declension

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Declension ofie
	singular	plural
absolutive	ie	—
nominative	iedɨ	—
accusative	iena	—
dative/locative	iemo	—
ablative	iemona	—
instrumental	iedo	—
causal	ieri	—
privative	ienino	—
sequential	ienona	—

Derived terms

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iemo

References

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Shirley Burtch (1983),Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)‎^[1] (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page108
Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017),A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.‎^[2], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page176

Old English

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /i͜yː/

Noun

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īe(Northumbrian)

genitive/dativesingular ofēa

Old Occitan

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Pronoun

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alternative form ofeu

Romanian

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Alternative forms

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iie —nonstandard

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈije/

Etymology 1

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Inherited fromLatin (vestis)līnea(“linen garment”). CompareOld Spanishlinia(“a kind of garment”).Doublet oflinie(“line”), a later borrowing.

Noun

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ie f (pluralii)

traditional Romanian embroideredblouse

Declension

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	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
	singular		plural
nominative-accusative	ie	ia	ii	iile
genitive-dative	ii	iei	ii	iilor
vocative	ie,io		iilor

the lower part of theabdomen orbelly, especially in animals such as livestock
theskin that hangs down from the belly of anox
thepastern on ahorse
Synonym:chișiță
guts,bowels, orentrails
Synonyms:măruntaie,viscere

Declension

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	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
	singular		plural
nominative-accusative	ie	ia	ii	iile
genitive-dative	ii	iei	ii	iilor
vocative	ie,io		iilor

Etymology 3

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Borrowed fromGermanja(yes), or perhaps fromLatinest((it) is).

Adverb

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(regional, Transylvania)yes
Synonym:da

Welsh

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Welshief,ieu, fromProto-Brythonic*ī semos(“that is so”).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈiː.ɛ/
Rhymes:-iːɛ

Particle

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yes,aye
Synonym:ia
Antonyms:naci,nage,na
Ai ef yw dy dad di?Ie, dyna ef.
Is he your father?Yes, that is he. (Literary, formal.)
Ydy o eich tad?Ia, dyna fo.
Is he your dad?Yes, that’s him. (Northern colloquial.)

Usage notes

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Used in the standard language to reply to questions or statements with a non-verbal element fronted for emphasis. For a regular unemphatic verb-initial question or statement, other words of agreement are employed.ie/ia can be found colloquially to answer any type of question.
This word is found in the standard language and also colloquially in South Wales. In the North,ia is the preferred colloquial form.

References

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R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ie”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

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