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harap

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Albanian

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Noun

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harap m (pluralharapë, definiteharapi)

  1. Alternative form ofarap

Hungarian

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Etymology

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Probably fromProto-Finno-Ugric*karɜ- (*korɜ-)(to bite)[1] +-p(obsolete instantaneous suffix).[2]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈhɒrɒp]
  • Hyphenation:ha‧rap
  • Rhymes:-ɒp

Verb

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harap

  1. (ambitransitive) tobite(into someone or something:-ba/-be)

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofharap
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. 
sg formal
1st person pl2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. 
pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.harapokharapszharapharapunkharaptokharapnak
def.harapomharapodharapjaharapjukharapjátokharapják
2nd objharaplak
pastindef.haraptamharaptálharapottharaptunkharaptatokharaptak
def.haraptamharaptadharaptaharaptukharaptátokharapták
2nd objharaptalak
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verbfog, e.g.harapni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef.harapékharapálharapaharapánkharapátokharapának
def.harapámharapádharapáharapánkharapátokharapák
2nd objharapálak
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.harap vala,harapott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.harapandokharapandaszharapandharapandunkharapandotokharapandanak
def.harapandomharapandodharapandjaharapandjukharapandjátokharapandják
2nd objharapandalak
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.harapnékharapnálharapnaharapnánkharapnátokharapnának
def.harapnámharapnádharapnáharapnánk
(or harapnók)
harapnátokharapnák
2nd objharapnálak
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.harapott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.harapjakharapj or
harapjál
harapjonharapjunkharapjatokharapjanak
def.harapjamharapd or
harapjad
harapjaharapjukharapjátokharapják
2nd objharapjalak
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.harapott légyen
infinitiveharapniharapnomharapnodharapniaharapnunkharapnotokharapniuk
other
forms
verbal nounpresent part.past part.future part.adverbial participlecausative
harapásharapóharapottharapandóharapva (harapván)haraptat
The archaic passive conjugation had the same-(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by-ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional-ik verbs).
Potential conjugation ofharap
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. 
sg formal
1st person pl2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. 
pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.haraphatokharaphatszharaphatharaphatunkharaphattokharaphatnak
def.haraphatomharaphatodharaphatjaharaphatjukharaphatjátokharaphatják
2nd objharaphatlak
pastindef.haraphattamharaphattálharaphatottharaphattunkharaphattatokharaphattak
def.haraphattamharaphattadharaphattaharaphattukharaphattátokharaphatták
2nd objharaphattalak
archaic
preterite
indef.haraphatékharaphatálharaphataharaphatánkharaphatátokharaphatának
def.haraphatámharaphatádharaphatáharaphatánkharaphatátokharaphaták
2nd objharaphatálak
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.haraphat vala,haraphatott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.haraphatandok
or harapandhatok
haraphatandasz
or harapandhatsz
haraphatand
or harapandhat
haraphatandunk
or harapandhatunk
haraphatandotok
or harapandhattok
haraphatandanak
or harapandhatnak
def.haraphatandom
or harapandhatom
haraphatandod
or harapandhatod
haraphatandja
or harapandhatja
haraphatandjuk
or harapandhatjuk
haraphatandjátok
or harapandhatjátok
haraphatandják
or harapandhatják
2nd objharaphatandalak
or harapandhatlak
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.haraphatnékharaphatnálharaphatnaharaphatnánkharaphatnátokharaphatnának
def.haraphatnámharaphatnádharaphatnáharaphatnánk
(or haraphatnók)
haraphatnátokharaphatnák
2nd objharaphatnálak
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.haraphatott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.haraphassakharaphass or
haraphassál
haraphassonharaphassunkharaphassatokharaphassanak
def.haraphassamharaphasd or
haraphassad
haraphassaharaphassukharaphassátokharaphassák
2nd objharaphassalak
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.haraphatott légyen
infinitive(haraphatni)(haraphatnom)(haraphatnod)(haraphatnia)(haraphatnunk)(haraphatnotok)(haraphatniuk)
other
forms
positive adjectivenegative adjectiveadverbial participle
haraphatóharaphatatlan(haraphatva /haraphatván)

Derived terms

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Compound words

Expressions

References

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  1. ^Entry #249 inUralonet, online Uralic etymological database of theHungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^harap in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.).Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006,→ISBN.  (See alsoits 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • harap in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.

Indonesian

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Etymology

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FromMalayharap, fromOld Javaneseharĕp(to wish, desire), fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*qadəp. Doublet ofdepan andhadap.[1]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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harap

  1. tohope
  2. towish

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^Adelaar, K. Alexander (1992)Proto-Malayic: The reconstruction of its phonology and parts of its lexicon and morphology, Pacific Linguistics,→DOI, pages140–141

Further reading

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Malay

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromOld Javaneseharĕp(to wish, desire, about to), fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*qadəp. Doublet ofhadap.[1]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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harap (Jawi spellingهارڤ)

  1. tohope

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  1. ^Adelaar, K. Alexander (1992)Proto-Malayic: The reconstruction of its phonology and parts of its lexicon and morphology, Pacific Linguistics,→DOI, pages140–141

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromGermanherab.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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harap inan (related adjectiveharapowy)

  1. (hunting)hunting crop
    Synonym:korbacz

Declension

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Declension ofharap
singularplural
nominativeharapharapy
genitiveharapa/harapuharapów
dativeharapowiharapom
accusativeharapharapy
instrumentalharapemharapami
locativeharapieharapach
vocativeharapieharapy

Derived terms

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noun
verb

Related terms

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adjective
noun

Further reading

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Romanian

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Noun

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harap m (pluralharapi)

  1. Alternative form ofarap

Tagalog

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromMalayhadap(to face) orOld Javaneseharĕp, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*qadəp. CompareYakanharap.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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haráp (Baybayin spellingᜑᜇᜉ᜔)

  1. front;forefront
    Synonym:unahan
  2. threshold
    Synonyms:bukana,bungad
  3. facade;front of abuilding
    Synonym:patsada
  4. presence;attendance
    Synonyms:dalo,pagdalo
  5. presenting of oneself tosomeone
    Synonyms:pakikipagkita,pagharap,pakikiharap
  6. submission fordiscussion orapproval(of papers, reports, etc.)
  7. actualattendance;actualperformance(of one's duty)
    Synonyms:pagtupad,pagsasakatuparan
  8. attentiongiven(to a visitor or guest)
    Synonyms:asikaso,pag-aasikaso
  9. (euphemistic)genitals
    Synonyms:ari,pag-aari

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • harap”, inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila,2018
  • Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qadep”, in the CLDF dataset fromThe Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–),→DOI

Turkish

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Etymology

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FromOttoman Turkishخراب(harab), ultimately fromArabicخَرَاب(ḵarāb).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [hɑˈɾɑp]
  • Hyphenation:ha‧rap

Adjective

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harap

  1. ruined
  2. devastated

Derived terms

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Related terms

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References

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Turkmen

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromArabicخَرَاب(ḵarāb).

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation:ha‧rap

Adjective

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harap (comparative?,superlative harap)

  1. bad,damaged,spoiled,broken

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Further reading

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  • harap” inEnedilim.com
  • harap” inWebonary.org

Yakan

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Verb

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harap

  1. toface(someone, something, or both)

Derived terms

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