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hail

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:hæil

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishhayle,haile,hail,hawel,haghil,haȝel, fromOld Englishhæġl,hæġel,hagol(“hail”), fromProto-West Germanic*hagl, fromProto-Germanic*haglaz, of uncertain origin. Either fromProto-Indo-European*kagʰlos(“pebble”); or alternatively from*ḱoḱló-, a reduplication of*ḱel-(“cold”). Cognate withSaterland FrisianHail(“hail”),West Frisianheil(“hail”),Dutchhagel(“hail”),Low GermanHagel(“hail”),GermanHagel(“hail”),Danishhagl(“hail”),Swedishhagel(“hail”),Icelandichagl(“hail”). Compare alsoOld Norsehéla(“frost”).Doublet ofhaglaz, if the second etymology (“cold”) is correct.

Root-cognates outside of Germanic includeAncient Greekκάχληξ(kákhlēx,“pebble”), or alternatively Sanskritशिशिर(śíśira,“cool, cold”), possibly alsoLithuanianšešėlis(“shade, shadow”), depending on the etymology.

Noun

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hail (countable anduncountable,pluralhails)

  1. (meteorology, uncountable)Balls orpieces ofice falling asprecipitation, often in connection with athunderstorm.
  2. (meteorology, countable) Anoccurrence of this type of precipitation; ahailstorm.
  3. (countable, by extension) Arapid,intensebarrage by a large number ofprojectiles or other objects.
    • 2019 February 27, Drachinifel, 40:01 from the start, inThe Battle of Samar - Odds? What are those?‎[1], archived fromthe original on3 November 2022:
      Their lack of good intelligence also meant that they vastly overestimated the size of their foes for far too long,hails of armor-piercing shells doing comparatively little damage compared to the high explosive that theyshould have been using.
Derived terms
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Translations
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balls of ice
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishhaylen,haulien,hawelien, fromOld Englishhagolian,hagalian(“to hail”), fromProto-West Germanic*haglōn, fromProto-Germanic*haglōną(“to hail”), from the noun (see above). Cognate withSaterland Frisianhailje(“to hail”),West Frisianheilje(“to hail”),Dutchhagelen(“to hail”),German Low Germanhageln(“to hail”),Germanhageln(“to hail”),Danishhagle(“to hail”),Swedishhagla(“to hail”),Norwegian Nynorskhagle,hagla(“to hail”),Faroesehegla(“to hail”),Icelandichagla(“to hail”).

Verb

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hail (third-person singular simple presenthails,present participlehailing,simple past and past participlehailed)

  1. (impersonal) To havehailstones fall from the sky.
    They say it's going tohail tomorrow.
  2. (intransitive) Tosend orreleasehail.
    The cloud wouldhail down furiously within a few minutes.
  3. Topour down inrapidsuccession.
Derived terms
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Translations
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to fall from the sky, of hail
to pour down in rapid succession

Etymology 3

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FromMiddle Englishheil(“healthy, sound”), fromOld Norseheill, fromProto-Germanic*hailaz(“whole, entire, healthy”). The verb is fromMiddle Englishheilen, itself from the adjective.Doublet ofwhole,hale, andheil.

Adjective

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hail (comparativehailer,superlativehailest)

  1. (obsolete)Healthy,whole,safe.

Verb

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hail (third-person singular simple presenthails,present participlehailing,simple past and past participlehailed)

  1. (transitive) Togreet; givesalutation to;salute.
    • 1667,John Milton, “Book I”, inParadise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […];[a]nd by Robert Boulter […];[a]nd Matthias Walker, […],→OCLC; republished asParadise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […],1873,→OCLC, lines249–252:
      […] Farewel happy Fields / Where Joy for ever dwells:Hail horrours, hail / Infernal world, and thou profoundeſt Hell / Receive they new Poſſeſſor:[…]
  2. (transitive) Toname; todesignate; tocall.
    He washailed as a hero.
  3. (transitive) To call out loudly in order to gain theattention of.
    Hail a taxi.
    • 1995,Alanis Morissette, “Hand In My Pocket”, inJagged Little Pill:
      'Cause I've got one hand in my pocket / And the other one ishailin' a taxi cab
    1. (transitive, by extension, UK, Australia) Toindicate, from a designatedstop or otherwise, to thedriver of apublic transportvehicle that one wishes to board and travel on the vehicle, usually usinghandsignals such aswaving.
      In Melbourne, you would usually have tohail a tram when you are travelling late at night and there are no other passengers waiting at your stop.
  4. (transitive) Tosignal in order to initiate communication with.
  5. (transitive) In the game ofuppies and downies, to throw (the ball) repeatedly up and down at the goal location, in order to score a point.
  6. (from) to originate (from), be native (to) or be based (in)
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Translations
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to greet
to name, to designate (as someone/something)
to call out loudly in order to gain the attention of
to signal in order to initiate communication with
to originate

Interjection

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hail

  1. (archaic or poetic)An exclamation of respectful or reverent salutation, or, occasionally, of familiar greeting.
Derived terms
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Translations
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greeting!

Anagrams

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Estonian

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Noun

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hail

  1. adessivesingular ofhai

Irish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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hail

  1. h-prothesized form ofail

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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hail (uncountable)

  1. Alternative form ofhayle(“hail”)

Etymology 2

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Adjective

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hail

  1. Alternative form ofheil(“healthy, sound”)

Noun

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hail (uncountable)

  1. Alternative form ofheil(“health, welfare”)

North Frisian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Frisianheil, fromProto-West Germanic*hagl, fromProto-Germanic*haglaz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hail m

  1. (Föhr-Amrum)hail

Scots

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Englishhāl(“healthy, safe”), fromProto-Germanic*hailaz(“whole, safe, sound”), fromProto-Indo-European*kéh₂ilos(“healthy, whole”).

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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hail (comparativehailer,superlativehailest)

  1. whole
  2. free orrecovered fromdisease,healthy,wholesome
  3. free frominjury,safe,sound,unhurt(of people, parts of the body, etc.)
  4. whole,entire,complete, sound,unbroken,undamaged(of material objects and of time, numbers etc.)
Derived terms
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Noun

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hail (pluralhails)

  1. thewhole, the wholeamount ornumber

Verb

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hail (third-person singular simple presenthails,present participlehailin,simple pasthailt,past participlehailt)

  1. toheal,cure

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Verb

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hail (third-person singular simple presenthails,present participlehailin,simple pasthailt,past participlehailt)

  1. (sports) todrive theball through thegoal, etc.
Derived terms
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Noun

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hail (pluralhails)

  1. (sports)goal, the shout when a goal is scored, the goal area

Etymology 3

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FromOld Englishhæġl, hæġel, fromProto-Germanic*haglaz, either fromProto-Indo-European*kagʰlos(“pebble”), or from*ḱoḱló-, a reduplication of*ḱel-(“cold”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hail (uncountable)

  1. (weather)hail,hailstones
  2. smallshot,pellets
Derived terms
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Turkish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOttoman Turkishحائل(hail), fromArabicحَائِل(ḥāʔil). An Ottoman Turkish homophone fromArabicهَائِل(hāʔil) did not survive to modern Turkish.

Noun

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hail (definite accusativehaili,pluralhailler)(obsolete)

  1. obstacle
    Synonym:engel

References

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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hail

  1. h-prothesized form ofail(“second”)

Mutation

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Mutated forms ofail
radicalsoftnasalh-prothesis
ailunchangedunchangedhail

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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