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gull

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Gull

English

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Western gull (Larus occidentalis)
A lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus)

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromMiddle Englishgulle, from aBrythonic language (compareBretongouelan,Welshgwylan, andCornishgolan), fromProto-Brythonic*gwuɨlann, fromProto-Celtic*wēlannā(“seagull”).

Cognate withOld Irishfaílenn,Scottish Gaelicfaoileag. CompareFrenchgoéland, a borrowing from Breton. EclipsedMiddle Englishlare (borrowed fromLatinlarus) andMiddle Englishmewe (fromOld Englishmæw).

Noun

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gull (pluralgulls)

  1. Aseabird of the genusLarus or of the familyLaridae.
    Synonyms:mew,seabird,seagull,seamew
    • 1947 January–February,O. S. Nock, “‘The Aberdonian’ in Wartime”, inThe Railway Magazine‎[1], volume93, number567, page 8:
      The tide was out, and we drew up amid the strong bracing smell of seaweed, withgulls screeching, wheeling around, and gliding on the wind.
    • 1970,Richard Bach, “Part One”, inJonathan Livingston Seagull: A Story, Macmillan; republished as complete edition, Scribner, 2014 October 21,→ISBN,page 4:
      Mostgulls don’t bother to learn more than the simplest facts of flight—how to get from shore to food and back again.[…]For thisgull, though, it was not eating that mattered, but flight.
  2. Any of variouspierid butterflies of thegenusCepora.
Derived terms
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Translations
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seabird

Etymology 2

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Perhaps from an obsolete termgull(“to swallow, guzzle”), fromMiddle Englishgolen(“to make swallowing motions, gape”).[1]

Noun

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gull (pluralgulls)

  1. (slang) A cheating trick; afraud.
  2. Astupidanimal.
  3. One easily cheated; adupe.
  4. (obsolete, Oxford Universityslang) Aswindler ortrickster.
    • 1825,Bernard Blackmantle,The English Spy:
      You'll excuse me, sir, but as you are fresh, take care to avoid thegulls; they fly about here in large flocks, I assure you, and do no little mischief at times." "I never understood thatgulls were birds of prey," said I.—"Only in Oxford, sir; and here, I assure you, they bite like hawks, and pick many a poor young gentleman as bare before his three years are expired, as the crows would a dead sheep upon a common.[…]"
Synonyms
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Verb

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gull (third-person singular simple presentgulls,present participlegulling,simple past and past participlegulled)

  2. Todeceive orcheat.
  3. (US, slang) Tomislead.
  4. (US, slang) Totrick anddefraud.
  5. (dialectal) Toflatter,wheedle.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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to deceive or cheat—see alsodeceive,‎cheat

Etymology 3

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FromMiddle Englishgole(“a whirlpool, narrow inlet of the sea, ditch or stream”), fromMiddle Low Germangoel,gȫl,gȫle(“swamp, marshy lowland”), related toOld Dutchgulla(“pool, puddle”),Old Frenchgoille(“pool, puddle, pond”), all ultimately fromProto-West Germanic*goli,*golljā(“puddle”), perhaps fromProto-Germanic*guljaz,*guljǭ.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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gull (pluralgulls)

  1. (dialectal) Abreach orhole made by the force of atorrent;fissure,chasm.
  2. (dialectal) Achannel made by astream; a naturalwatercourse; runningwater.
Derived terms
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Verb

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gull (third-person singular simple presentgulls,present participlegulling,simple past and past participlegulled)

  1. (dialectal) Tosweep away by the force of running water; tocarve orwear into agully.

References

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  1. ^“gull”, inDictionary.com Unabridged,Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

Further reading

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Faroese

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Chemical element
Au
Previous:hvítagull,platin (Pt)
Next:kyksilvur,kviksilvur (Hg)

Etymology

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FromOld Norsegull, fromProto-Germanic*gulþą.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gull n (genitive singularguls,uncountable)

  1. gold
  2. (in proverbs)richness,money,livestock
  3. gold medal, first place (sports, etc.)

Declension

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n9-ssingular
indefinitedefinite
nominativegullgullið
accusativegullgullið
dativegulligullinum
genitivegulsgulsins

Icelandic

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IcelandicWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediais
Chemical element
Au
Previous:platína (Pt)
Next:kvikasilfur (Hg)

Etymology

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FromOld Norsegull(“gold”), fromProto-Germanic*gulþą.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gull n (genitive singulargulls,nominative pluralgull)

  1. (uncountable)gold(chemical element)
  2. (countable) acherished thing
  3. (countable) a goldmedal orprize

Declension

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Declension ofgull (neuter)
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativegullgulliðgullgullin
accusativegullgulliðgullgullin
dativegulligullinugullumgullunum
genitivegullsgullsinsgullagullanna

Derived terms

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian BokmålWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedianb

Etymology

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FromDanishguld (pre-1907 Riksmål spelling), fromOld Norsegull, fromProto-Germanic*gulþą.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gull n (definite singulargullet,uncountable)

  1. gold

Derived terms

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Related terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian NynorskWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediann

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsegull andgoll, fromProto-Germanic*gulþą. Akin toEnglishgold.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gull n (definite singulargullet,uncountable)

  1. gold

Derived terms

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References

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Old Norse

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FWOTD – 11 February 2014

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*gulþą(“gold”). Cognate withOld Englishgold,Old Frisiangold,Old Saxongold,Old Dutchgolt,Old High Germangold,Gothic𐌲𐌿𐌻𐌸(gulþ). See alsoFinnishkulta. Ultimately from Pre-Germanic*ǵʰl̥tóm(“gold”), fromProto-Indo-European*ǵʰelh₃-(“green, yellow”).

Pronunciation

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  • (12th century Icelandic)IPA(key): /ˈɡulː/

Noun

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gull n (genitivegulls,pluralgull)

  1. (uncountable, singular only)gold
  2. (countable) ajewel,thing ofvalue, especially afinger-ring
    • Stjórn 78, in1862, C. R. Unger,Stjórn: gammelnorsk Bibelhistorie: fra Verdens Skabelse til det babyloniske Fangenskab. Christiania, page254:
      Enn þegar sem hon bar þettagull, […]
      But when she wore thatring, […]

Declension

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Declension ofgull (stronga-stem)
neutersingularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativegullgullitgullgullin
accusativegullgullitgullgullin
dativegulligullinugullumgullunum
genitivegullsgullsinsgullagullanna

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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  • Richard Cleasby, Guðbrandur Vigfússon (1874) “gull”, inAn Icelandic-English Dictionary, 1st edition, Oxford: Oxford Clarendon Press,page220
  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “gull”, inA Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page175; also available at theInternet Archive

Swedish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsegull, fromProto-Germanic*gulþą.

Noun

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gull n

  1. (poetic, archaic)gold
    Har du silver har dugull, / har du kistorna full?
    Do you have silver and gold, / are your treasure chests full? (song lyrics)
    Wilt thw wara tik sielffuir hull, / tw älska friiheet meer ängull (Old Swedish, poem by bishop Tomas, 1439)
    Vill du vara dig själver huld, / du älska frihet mer än guld (translated to standard Swedish)
    If you want to help yourself, you should love freedom more than gold
  2. (colloquial)baby,darling, someone dear and cute (gullig), someone to cuddle (gulla med)
    mina smågull
    my little darlings
    Kom nugullet, det är finfint väder ute
    Come on baby, it's a perfect sunny day

Usage notes

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  • The formgull is archaic or poetic outside compound words and fixed expressions, where it has taken the sense ofbeloved orfavorable as ingullgosse(“golden boy”),gullegris(“darling, pet”),gullunge(“beloved child”), etc.

Declension

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Declension ofgull
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitegullgulls
definitegulletgullets
pluralindefinitegullgulls
definitegullengullens
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