FromLatingrundīre(“to grunt”), a form ofgrunnīre.
gronder
| infinitive | simple | gronder | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | grondant /ɡʁɔ̃.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | grondé /ɡʁɔ̃.de/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ | grondes /ɡʁɔ̃d/ | gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ | grondons /ɡʁɔ̃.dɔ̃/ | grondez /ɡʁɔ̃.de/ | grondent /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
| imperfect | grondais /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛ/ | grondais /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛ/ | grondait /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛ/ | grondions /ɡʁɔ̃.djɔ̃/ | grondiez /ɡʁɔ̃.dje/ | grondaient /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | grondai /ɡʁɔ̃.de/ | grondas /ɡʁɔ̃.da/ | gronda /ɡʁɔ̃.da/ | grondâmes /ɡʁɔ̃.dam/ | grondâtes /ɡʁɔ̃.dat/ | grondèrent /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛʁ/ | |
| future | gronderai /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁe/ | gronderas /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁa/ | grondera /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁa/ | gronderons /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | gronderez /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁe/ | gronderont /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | gronderais /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ | gronderais /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ | gronderait /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ | gronderions /ɡʁɔ̃.də.ʁjɔ̃/ | gronderiez /ɡʁɔ̃.də.ʁje/ | gronderaient /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ | grondes /ɡʁɔ̃d/ | gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ | grondions /ɡʁɔ̃.djɔ̃/ | grondiez /ɡʁɔ̃.dje/ | grondent /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
| imperfect2 | grondasse /ɡʁɔ̃.das/ | grondasses /ɡʁɔ̃.das/ | grondât /ɡʁɔ̃.da/ | grondassions /ɡʁɔ̃.da.sjɔ̃/ | grondassiez /ɡʁɔ̃.da.sje/ | grondassent /ɡʁɔ̃.das/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ | — | grondons /ɡʁɔ̃.dɔ̃/ | grondez /ɡʁɔ̃.de/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||