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good

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See also:Good,++good,andgoods

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromMiddle Englishgood, fromOld Englishgōd, fromProto-West Germanic*gōd, fromProto-Germanic*gōdaz(“good”), fromProto-Indo-European*gʰedʰ-(“to unite, be associated, suit, fit”).

Related togather andtogether, but not togod/God.

Eclipsed non-nativeMiddle Englishbon,bone,boon,boun(“good”) borrowed fromOld Frenchbon(“good”), fromLatinbonus(“good”).

Cognates

Cognate withScotsgude,guid(“good”),Yolagayde,gooude,gude(“good”),North Frisiangud,gur,gödj(“good”),Saterland Frisiangoud(“good”),West Frisiangoed(“good”),Alemannic Germanguet(“good”),Bavarianguad(“good”),Central Franconiangut,jot,jott(“good”),Cimbrianguat,guut(“good”),Dutchgoed,goei(“good”),Dutch Low Saxongood(“good”),Germangut(“good”),Limburgishgood,gott(“good”),Low Germangod,goot(“good”),Luxembourgishgutt(“good”),Mòchenoguat(“good”),Vilamoviangüt(“good”),Yiddishגוט(gut,“good”),Danish,Norwegian Bokmål,Norwegian Nynorsk andSwedishgod(“good”),Elfdalianguoð(“good”),Faroese,Icelandicgóður(“good”),Gothic𐌲𐍉𐌸𐍃(gōþs,“good”),Vandalic*guths(“good”),Russianго́дный(gódnyj,“fit, well-suited, good for; (coll.) good”),Lithuanianguõdas(“virtue, honor”).

Alternative forms

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Adjective

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good (comparativebetteror(nonstandard, humorous)gooder,superlativebestor(nonstandard, humorous)goodest)

  1. (of people or animals)
    1. Acting in the interest of what isbeneficial,ethical, ormoral.
      good intentions
      • c. 1525,The Example of Euyll Tongues, page a3 rectoː
        Yf ony man wolde begynne his synnes to reny / Or onygood people that fro vyce dyde refrayne / What so euer he were that to vertue wolde applye / But an yll tonge wyll all ouer throwe agayne
        If any man would begin to renounce his sins, / Or anygood people who refrained from vice, / Whatsoever he who wished to apply himself to virtue might be, / Still an ill tongue would overthrow it all again.
      • 1891,Oscar Wilde, chapter 6, inThe Picture of Dorian Gray, London; New York, N.Y.; Melbourne, Vic.:Ward Lock & Co.,→OCLC:
        When we are happy, we are alwaysgood, but when we aregood, we are not always happy.
    2. Competent ortalented.
      agood swimmer
      • 1704,Robert South,Twelve Sermons Preached on Several Occasions, On the nature and measure of conscience:
        Flatter him it may, I confess, (as those are generallygood at flattering who aregood for nothing else,) but in the meantime the poor man is left under the fatal necessity of a needless delusion
      • 1922,Michael Arlen, “3/19/2”, in“Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:
        Ivor had acquired more than a mile of fishing rights with the house ; he was not at all agood fisherman, but one must do something ; one generally, however, banged a ball with a squash-racket against a wall.
      • 2016,VOA Learning English (public domain)
        And Marsha says I am agood cook!
    3. Able to be depended on for the discharge of obligations incurred; of unimpaired credit; used withfor.
      Can you lend me fifty dollars? You know I'mgood for it.
    4. Well-behaved (especially of children or animals).
      Begood while your mother and I are out.
      Were you agood boy for the babysitter?
    5. (US)Satisfied orat ease; not requiring more.
      Would you like a glass of water? — I'mgood.
      [Are] yougood? — Yeah, I'm fine.
      Gimme another beer! — I think you'regood.
    6. (colloquial, withwith) Accepting of,OK with
      My mother said she'sgood with me being alone with my date as long as she's met them first.
      The soup is rather spicy. Are yougood with that, or would you like something else?
    7. (archaic) Of highrank orbirth.
  2. (of capabilities)
    1. Useful for a particular purpose; functional.
      it’s agood watch;  the flashlight batteries are stillgood
      • 1526,Herballː
        Against cough and scarceness of breath caused of cold take the drink that it hath been sodden in with Liquorice[,] or that the powder hath been sodden in with dry figs[,] for the same the electuary called dyacalamentum isgood[,] and it is made thus.
      • 2013 May-June,David Van Tassel,Lee DeHaan, “Wild Plants to the Rescue”, inAmerican Scientist, volume101, number 3:
        Plant breeding is always a numbers game.[…]The wild species we use are rich in genetic variation, […]. In addition, we are looking for rare alleles, so the more plants we try, the better. These rarities may be new mutations, or they can be existing ones that are neutral—or are even selected against—in a wild population. Agood example is mutations that disrupt seed dispersal, leaving the seeds on the heads long after they are ripe.
    2. Effective.
      agood worker
    3. (obsolete) Real; actual; serious.
      ingood sooth
  3. (properties and qualities)
    1. (of food)
      1. Having a particularlypleasant taste.
        The food was verygood.
      2. Beingsatisfying; meeting dietary requirements.
        Eat agood dinner so you will be ready for the big game tomorrow.
    2. Of food or other perishable products, still fit for use; not yetexpired,stale,rotten, etc.
      The bread is stillgood.
    3. Valid, ofworth, capable of beinghonoured.
      This coupon isgood for a free doughnut.
    4. True,valid, ofexplanatory strength.
      This theory still holdsgood even if much higher temperatures are assumed.
      • 1966, K. Rothfels, Margaret Freeman, “The salivary gland chromosomes of three North American species ofTwinnia (Diptera: Simuliidae)”, inCanadian Journal of Zoology, volume44, number 5,→DOI:
        Twinnia biclavata differs fromT. nova by inversion IS-1 and a nucleolar shift. Both aregood species.
    5. Right,proper, as it should be.
      • 15th c., “[The Creation]”, inWakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England,Alfred W. Pollard, editors,The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press,1897,→OCLC,page 6, lines184–185:
        It is notgood to be alone, / to walk here in this worthely wone, / In all this welthly wyn;
        It is notgood to be alone / to walk here in this noble dwelling-place / in all this rich delight.
      • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XXIV”, inIn Memoriam, London:Edward Moxon, […],→OCLC,page41:
        If all wasgood and fair we met,
        ⁠This earth had been the Paradise
        ⁠It never look’d to human eyes
        Since Adam left his garden yet.
    6. Healthful.
      Exercise and a varied diet aregood for you.
    7. Pleasant;enjoyable.
      We had agood time.
    8. Favorable.
      agood omen; good weather
      • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLIV, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC,page361:
        Not unnaturally, “Auntie” took this communication in bad part.[…]Next day she[…]tried to recover her ward by the hair of the head. Then, thwarted, the wretched creature went to the police for help; she was versed in the law, and perhaps had spared no pains to keep ongood terms with the local constabulary.
    9. Unblemished; honourable.
      a person'sgood name
    10. Beneficial;worthwhile.
      agood job
    11. Adequate; sufficient; not fallacious.
  4. (colloquial, when withand)Very,extremely. Seegood and.
    The soup isgood and hot.
  5. (colloquial)Ready.
    I'mgood when you are.
    The reports aregood to go.
  6. Holy(especially when capitalized) .
  7. (of quantities)
    1. Reasonable in amount.
      all ingood time
    2. Large in amount or size.
      agood while longer
      agood number of seeds
      Agood part of his day was spent shopping.
      It will be agood while longer until he's done.
      He's had agood amount of troubles, he has.
      • 1909,Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter III, inThe Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.:Dodd, Mead and Company, published1919,→OCLC:
        The big houses, and there are agood many of them, lie for the most part in what may be called by courtesy the valleys. You catch a glimpse of them sometimes at a little distance from the [railway] line, which seems to have shown some ingenuity in avoiding them, […].
    3. Full;entire;at least as much as.
      This hill will take agood hour and a half to climb.
      The car was agood ten miles away.
      • 1892,Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, inThe Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.:Harper & Brothers, […],→OCLC,page16:
        Athelstan Arundel walked home all the way, foaming and raging. No omnibus, cab, or conveyance ever built could contain a young man in such a rage. His mother lived at Pembridge Square, which is fourgood measured miles from Lincoln's Inn.
  8. (stressed form)Special,best,favorite.
    No, not that one. That's mygood shirt I only wear for special occasions.
    Shoot! A tear. And these are mygood jeans.
Usage notes
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  • The comparativegooder and superlativegoodest arenonstandard. In informal (often jocular) contexts,best may be inflected further and given the comparativebester and the superlativebestest; these forms are also nonstandard.
Synonyms
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Antonyms
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  • (antonym(s) of“having positive attributes”):bad,poor
  • (antonym(s) of“ethical”):bad,evil
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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acting in the interest of good; ethical good intentions
well-behaved
useful for a particular purpose
of food, edible; not stale or rotten
of food, having a particularly pleasant taste
healthful
pleasant; enjoyable
of people, competent or talented
effective
favorable
beneficial; worthwhile
full; entire; at least
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Interjection

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good

  1. That is good;an elliptical exclamation of satisfaction or commendation.
    Good! I can leave now.
Translations
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exclamation of satisfaction

Etymology 2

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Inherited fromMiddle Englishgoode(“good, well”,adverb), from the adjective. CompareDutchgoed(“good, well”,adverb),Germangut(“good, well”,adverb),Danishgodt(“good, well”,adverb),Swedishgott(“good, well”,adverb), all from the adjective.

Adverb

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good (comparativebetter,superlativebest)

  1. (informal)Well; satisfactorily or thoroughly.
    When you're cleaning these racks, you've got to get in theregood, because the quality system specifies it.
    The boy donegood.(did well)
    • 1906, Zane Grey,The Spirit of the Border: A Romance of the Early Settlers in the Ohio Valley:
      If Silvertip refuses to give you the horse, grab him before he can draw a weapon, and beat himgood. You're big enough to do it.
    • 1970, Troy Conway,The Cunning Linguist, London: Flamingo Books, page66:
      I kept my eyes peeled for signs of pursuit. There was none, unless I was being fooled verygood.
    • 1972,Harry Chapin, “A Better Place to Be”, inSniper and Other Love Songs:
      She said, "I don't want to bother you / Consider it's understood / I know I'm not no beauty queen / But I sure can listengood."
    • 1994, Quentin Tarantino, Roger Avary,Pulp Fiction, spoken by Jules (Samuel L. Jackson):
      Marsellus fucked him upgood. Word 'round the campfire is it was on account of Marsellus Wallace's wife.
    • 2007 April 19,Jimmy Wales, “Jimmy Wales on the User-Generated Generation”,Fresh Air, WHYY, Pennsylvania[1]
      The one thing that we can't do...is throw out the baby with the bathwater.... We know our process works pretty darngood and, uh, it’s really sparked this amazing phenomenon of this...high-quality website.
    • 2010,Monte Dwyer,Red in the Centre: Through a Crooked Lens, Monyer Pty Ltd, page14:
      "They're travellin'good now. We'll leave them be."
    • 2012,BioWare,Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts,→OCLC, PC, scene:Citadel (Priority: Earth):
      Admiral Anderson: You didgood, child. You didgood. I'm proud of you.
Usage notes
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The Germanic cognates (listed in theEtymology) illustrate anull morpheme difference from the adjective that is fullystandard in those languages, as it would be in modern Englishif not for a widespreadprescriptive misapprehension. The idea that adverbs in English cannot or should not have anull morpheme difference from the adjective is a widespread notion that barsgood (adv) andbad (adv) fromformal use even though they areubiquitous ininformal use. It also sometimes drives people to inject-lyhypercorrectively; for example,thusly is stated by most usage guides to be a needless replacement ofthus.

Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Inherited fromMiddle Englishgood,god, fromOld Englishgōd(“a good thing, advantage, benefit, gift; good, goodness, welfare; virtue, ability, doughtiness; goods, property, wealth”), fromProto-Germanic*gōdą(“goods, belongings”), fromProto-Indo-European*gʰedʰ-,*gʰodʰ-(“to unite, be associated, suit”). CompareGermanGut(“item of merchandise; estate; property”).

Noun

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good (countable anduncountable,pluralgoods)

  1. (uncountable) Theforces orbehaviours that are the enemy ofevil. Usually consists of helping others and general benevolence.
    Antonyms:bad,evil
    • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIII, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      And Vickers launched forth into a tirade very different from his platform utterances. He spoke with extreme contempt of the dense stupidity exhibited on all occasions by the working classes. He said that if you wanted to do anything for them, you must rule them, not pamper them. Soft heartedness caused more harm thangood.
    • 2025 August 27, Dana Suskind, “AI Engineers Need Their Own Hippocratic Oath. Here’s What It Should Say”, inTIME‎[2]:
      AI engineers hold in their hands the power to do extraordinarygood—closing gaps in education, unlocking medical breakthroughs, accelerating climate solutions—or, if they lose sight of the people their creations serve, to cause deep harm.
  2. (countable) A result that ispositive in the view of the speaker.
    Antonym:bad
  3. (uncountable) The abstract instantiation of goodness; that which possesses desirable qualities, promotes success, welfare, or happiness, is serviceable, fit, excellent, kind, benevolent, etc.
    The best is the enemy of thegood.
    He is an influence forgood on those girls.
  5. (countable, usually in theplural) An item ofmerchandise.
    Coordinate term:service
Derived terms
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Translations
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the forces of good
good result
item of merchandise

Etymology 4

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Inherited fromMiddle Englishgoden,godien, fromOld Englishgōdian(“to improve, get better; make better; endow, enrich”), fromProto-West Germanic*gōdōn(“to make better, improve”), fromProto-Germanic*gōdaz(“good, favorable”).

Verb

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good (third-person singular simple presentgoods,present participlegooding,simple past and past participlegooded)(now chiefly dialectal)

  1. (intransitive, now) Tothrive;fatten;prosper;improve.
  2. (transitive) To make good; turn to good;improve.
  3. (intransitive) To makeimprovements orrepairs.
  4. (intransitive) Tobenefit;gain.
  5. (transitive) To do good to (someone); benefit; cause to improve or gain.
  6. (transitive) Tosatisfy;indulge;gratify.
  7. (reflexive) Toflatter;congratulate oneself;anticipate.
Derived terms
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Etymology 5

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From English dialectal, fromMiddle English*goden, ofNorth Germanic origin, related toSwedishgöda(“to fatten, fertilise, battle”),Danishgøde(“to fertilise, battle”), ultimately from the adjective. See above.

Verb

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good (third-person singular simple presentgoods,present participlegooding,simple past and past participlegooded)

  1. (transitive, now chiefly dialectal, Scotland) Tofurnish withdung;manure;fatten with manure;fertilise.
    • April 5 1628,Bishop Joseph Hall,The Blessings, Sins, and Judgments of God's Vineyard
      Nature was like itself , in it , in the world : God hath taken it in from the barren downs , andgooded it : his choice did not find , but make it thus

Etymology 6

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Coined in reference to the phrasethe only good nigger is a dead nigger, a popular saying amongwhite supremacists.

Adjective

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good (notcomparable)

  1. (Internetslang, offensive, ethnicslur) Of a black person,dead orkilled.
    • 2008 October 17, Anthony X (Janet Arvizo is a disgusting liar, Tom Sneddon is a disgusting racisthttp://asb-comm-logic.com, “TNB: 36-year-old African American shot to death”, inalt.true-crime‎[3] (Usenet):
      Another evil nigger madegood. I love a good news story.
    • 2017 March 21, Rick Mathers, “6 Shitskin Boogs Shot At 'A Boogie With The Hoodie' Concert”, inalt.checkmate‎[4] (Usenet):
      Sow Sheeboon Savannah Jeanne Walker of Louisville, KY was madegood in a shooting at cRap show called 'A Boogie With The Hoodie' Saturday night at the Tim Faulkner Art Gallery. 5 other niggers were shot and are expected to survive. No suspooks have been captured.
    • 2017 November 7, Casa de los peregrinos, “Groid rage motorist chimps out on motorist”, insoc.culture.african.american‎[5] (Usenet):
      The usual nigger nonsense from da fambly. He beez a good daddy to his keeids (I wonder how many more keeids this useless nigger has that the media didn't tell us about.) He wuz juss mindin' his own bidness when da popo got in da way. He din do nuffins. The BLM niggers and their lovers will be chimping out for sure. LEO's already have a tough job as it is, dealing with niggers has to be the worst part of the job. I'm glad that coon was madegood.
    • 2023 May 4, JeSSe, “White US Marine kills black felon in self defense - BLM/antifa threaten riots if he is not arrested and found guilty”, inuk.current-events.terrorism‎[6] (Usenet):
      Bolsheviks have got to be in heat over this, a nigger with well over 40 arrests including violent assault is properly madegood for threatening people on the subway, will the law abiding law defending hero be thrown under the bus to appease blacks [again]?
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Chinese

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Etymology

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Romanisation of嗗(gut4, gut6, gut2), influenced by spelling ofEnglishgood. Not related toEnglishgood semantically.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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good(Hong Kong Cantonese)

  1. nonstandard form of嗗(“sound of gulp”)

Verb

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good

  1. nonstandard form of嗗(“to gulp”)

Dutch Low Saxon

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Adjective

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good

  1. good

Limburgish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromMiddle Dutchgoet.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ʝoː˦d],[ʝoː˦t]

Adjective

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1=good
Please seeModule:checkparams for help with this warning.

good (comparativebaeter,superlativebès,predicative superlative't't bès)

  1. good

Inflection

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Declension ofgood (irregular)
number & gendermasculinefeminineneuter
singularpluralsingularpluralsingularplural
nominativegoojegoojgoojgoojgoodgooj
genitivegoodsgoojergoojergoojergoodsgoojer
locativegoojesgoojegoojesgoojegoojesgooje
vocative1gooj
dative2goojegoojengoojergoojengoodgoojen
accusative2goojegoojengoodgoojgoodgoojen
1Limited to a few fossilized forms.
2Nowadays obsolete, use the nominative instead.

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Englishgōd, fromProto-West Germanic*gōd, fromProto-Germanic*gōdaz.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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good (plural and weak singulargode,comparativebettre,superlativebest)

  1. good(of good quality or behaviour)
  2. good(morally right or righteous)
  3. advantageous,wealthy,profitable,useful
  4. large; of agreat size orquantity
  5. having a great degree or extent
  6. (of food) tastingpleasant

Related terms

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Descendants

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References

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