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gen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "gen"
Languages (31)
English
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Page categories

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Clipping ofgeneral.

Noun

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gen (uncountable)

  1. (chiefly UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, informal)Information.
    • 2015, Nicholas Whittaker,Platform Souls: The Trainspotter as 20th-Century Hero:
      Nose around any modest-sized station and the odds are you'll find that the chargeman's office doubles as a bashers' club, a place where shivering spotters can get warm and catch up on thegen.
  2. (birdwatching) Information about thelocation of a bird.
    • 2005,Sean Dooley,The Big Twitch, Sydney: Allen and Unwin, page172:
      I had some recentgen that they had been seen quite recently at Kunoth Well, a little dot on the map on the edge of the Tanami Desert.
  3. (fandomslang)Fan fiction that does not specificallyfocus onromance orsex.
Synonyms
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Noun

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gen (pluralgens)

  1. Alternativeletter-case form ofGen(member of the Gen Movement)

Etymology 3

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Shortened fromgenerate andgenerator.

Verb

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gen (third-person singular simple presentgens,present participlegenning,simple past and past participlegenned)

  1. Togenerate using anautomated process, especially a computer program.
    • 1991, Bruce H. Hunter, Karen Bradford Hunter,UNIX Systems: Advanced Administration and Management Handbook:
      Defining the devices so that they will begenned during the sysgen and installation is the other half.
    • 1993, Debra R. Niedermiller-Chaffins, Drew Heywood,Inside Novell NetWare,→ISBN, page100:
      The older,genned files are difficult to keep up-to-date and are unsupported for some newer NICs.
    • 2010, Donald K. Burleson,Oracle Tuning: The Definitive Reference,→ISBN, page1109:
      As the capacities of the large servers are exceeded, a new server isgenned into the RAC cluster.
    • 2012, Robert Charles Wilson,Bios,→ISBN:
      The Turing factories on Isis's small moon had fallen short of productivity goals, though another two factory units had beengenned.

Noun

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gen (pluralgens)

  1. (slang) Agenerator(device that converts mechanical to electrical energy).
    Synonym:genny

Etymology 4

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Shortened fromgenetic engineering

Verb

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gen (third-person singular simple presentgens,present participlegenning,simple past and past participlegenned)

  1. (science fiction) Togeneticallyengineer.
    • 2008, Bart Dahmer,Primal Screams,→ISBN, page36:
      Samples could be taken from the original, and plans could be made, butgenning could not be initiated until death had occurred.
    • 2011, Karen Sandler,Tankborn,→ISBN, page28:
      Her nurturer ears,genned to be hyper-sensitive, had to be hurting from the noise.

Etymology 5

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Etymology unknown. Possibilities include:

Noun

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gen (pluralgens)

  1. (obsolete, UK, slang) Ashilling.
    • 1851,Henry Mayhew, “Gambling of Costermongers”, inLondon Labour and the London Poor[1], volume 1, page17:
      The betting also began to shift. "Sixpence Ned wins!" cried three or four; "Sixpence he loses!" answered another; "Done!" and up went the halfpence. "Half-a-crown Joe loses!"—"Here you are," answered Joe, but he lost again. "I'll try you a 'gen'" (shilling) said a coster; "And a 'rouf yenap'" (fourpence), added the other. "Say a 'exes'" (sixpence).—"Done!" and the betting continued, till the ground was spotted with silver and halfpence.
    • 1978, Rose Ayers,The Street Sparrows:
      "Give me twogen, then, and take the whole bloody tol. I've walked me teef orf afore rouf this mornin', and wot 'ave I got? Two bloody yenneps! I ask yer."

Etymology 6

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Clipping ofgeneration.

Noun

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gen (pluralgens)

  1. (informal) Ageneration(group of people born in a specific range of years).
    • 2022 June 28, “Wimbledon tennis: Fans react to Kristina Mladenovic's eye-catching outfit”, inThe New Zealand Herald[2]:
      "Mladenovic playing in what the younggen is calling a crop top, but what mygen is calling a bra," Bouchard tweeted. "Sign of the times that Wimbledon has no issue with that. Still can remember the year some had troubles because of 'too short' skirts lol."
    • 2022 July 4, Ben Schott, “Is There Anything That Gen Z Won’t Drink?”, inThe Washington Post[3]:
      It’s anyone’s guess whether such attitudes will persist into adulthood, but if Gen Z (and thegens to come) do prove more alco-skeptic than their forbears then the above twelve steps are deftly primed to cash in.
  2. (informal, in combination) Aspecificversion of something in achronologicalsequence.
    • 2004, Sally Bishai, “Courtship, Marriage and the Ubiquitous ‘Dating Thing’”, inMid-East Meets West: On Being and Becoming a Modern Arab American, Lincoln, Neb.:iUniverse,→ISBN,page57:
      For my fellow first-gens, get ready to hide a smirk, because your life story is likely hidden somewhere in this chapter. For the uninitiated—that is, the person who's never had a thing to do with the Arab way of doing things (namely dating)—I advise you to buckle up.
    • 2016, Dwight Lang, “Witnessing Social Class in the Academy”, in Allison L. Hurst, Sandi Kawecka Nenga, editors,Working in Class: Recognizing How Social Class Shapes Our Academic Work, Lanham, Md.:Rowman & Littlefield,→ISBN, part 2 (Teaching),page102:
      [] I witness firsthand the difficult "downstream" outcomes (Grusky 2014) of social class stratification in a university setting where approximately 3,400 undergraduates (13% of the undergraduate population) are first in their families to attend and/or graduate from college (first-gens). Most of these students are low income and nearly 1,200 first-gens have grown up in poverty.
    • 2017, Temple Fennell, “SCIE: Sustainable Cycle of Investing Engagement”, in Kirby Rosplock,The Complete Direct Investing Handbook: A Guide for Family Offices, Qualified Purchasers, and Accredited Investors (Bloomberg Financial Series), Hoboken, N.J.:John Wiley & Sons,→ISBN,page242:
      TheFamily Values andFraming Strategy steps address soft issues as what is the purpose of the new investment strategy, is there a desire to engage and train the next generation (NextGens), and is there building buy-in and engagement across the family members important to strengthen family unity.
Derived terms
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Anagrams

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Catalan

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CatalanWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaca

Etymology

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Borrowed fromGermanGen.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen m (pluralgens)

  1. gene

Related terms

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Further reading

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Czech

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromGermanGen.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen inan

  1. gene

Declension

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Declension ofgen (hard masculine inanimate)
singularplural
nominativegengeny
genitivegenugenů
dativegenugenům
accusativegengeny
vocativegenegeny
locativegenugenech
instrumentalgenemgeny

Related terms

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Further reading

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  • gen”, inPříruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech),1935–1957
  • gen”, inSlovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech),1960–1971, 1989

Danish

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Etymology 1

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FromGermanGen, fromAncient Greekγενεά(geneá,generation, descent), from the aorist infinitive ofγίγνομαι(gígnomai,I come into being). Coined by the Danish biologistWilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication.

Noun

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gen n (singular definitegenet,plural indefinitegener)

  1. (genetics)gene
Declension
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Declension ofgen
neuter
gender
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativegengenetgenergenerne
genitivegensgenetsgenersgenernes

Etymology 2

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Verb

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gen

  1. imperative ofgenne

References

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Dutch

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Etymology

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FromGermanGen, fromAncient Greekγενεά(geneá,generation, descent), from the aorist infinitive ofγίγνομαι(gígnomai,I come into being). Coined by the Danish biologistWilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen n (pluralgenen)

  1. gene

Descendants

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  • Indonesian:gen

Anagrams

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German

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Etymology

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FromMiddle High Germangēn,gein, fromgegen with elision of intervocalic-g- (compareGetreide,Maid).Doublet ofgegen(against). Cognate withYiddishקיין(keyn).

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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gen [withaccusative]

  1. (literary, somewhat dated) in the direction;to;towards (a place or time)
    gen Nordento the north, northwards
    gen Abendtowards the evening, in the late afternoon

Synonyms

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Further reading

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  • gen” inDuden online
  • gen” inDigitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Haitian Creole

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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gen

  1. Contraction ofgenyen.

Icelandic

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromGermanGen.

Noun

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gen n (genitive singulargens,nominative pluralgen)

  1. gene

Declension

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Declension ofgen (neuter)
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativegengeniðgengenin
accusativegengeniðgengenin
dativegenigeninugenumgenunum
genitivegensgensinsgenagenanna

Indonesian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromDutchgen.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen (pluralgen-gen)

  1. (genetics)gene(a theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Japanese

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Romanization

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gen

  1. Rōmaji transcription ofげん
  2. Rōmaji transcription ofゲン

Malay

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MalayWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediams

Etymology

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Borrowed fromDutchgen(gene), fromGermanGen (which was coined by Danish biologistWilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication), fromAncient Greekγενεά(geneá,generation, descent), from the aorist infinitive ofγίγνομαι(gígnomai,I come into being).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen (pluralgen-gen)

  1. gene
    1. (genetics) a theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms; a gene may take several values and in principle predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair colour.
    2. (molecular biology)locus: a segment of DNA or RNA from a cell's or an organism's genome, that may take several forms and thus parameterizes a phenomenon, in general the structure of a protein.

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Mandarin

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Romanization

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gen

  1. Nonstandard spelling ofgēn.
  2. Nonstandard spelling ofgén.
  3. Nonstandard spelling ofgěn.
  4. Nonstandard spelling ofgèn.

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle English

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Preposition

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gen

  1. Alternative form ofgain(against)

Mwotlap

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Etymology

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FromProto-Torres-Banks*ɣani, fromProto-Oceanic*kani, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*kaən, fromProto-Austronesian*kaən. Cognate withVurësgen.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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gen

  1. toeat(meat,vegetables)
  2. tosuffer(s.th. unpleasant)
  3. toacquire(an honorificrank)
  4. (transitive)(fire) toburn s.th.
  5. (intransitive)(fire) toburn

Derived terms

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References

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François, Alexandre. 2025.Online Mwotlap–English–French cultural dictionary. Electronic files. Paris: CNRS.(Pdf version)entrygen.

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian BokmålWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedianb

Noun

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gen n (definite singulargenet,indefinite pluralgener,definite pluralgenaorgenene)

  1. (biology) agene

Usage notes

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  • Prior to a revision in 2020, this noun was also considered grammatically masculine.[1] The formgenen was then made obsolete.

References

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  1. ^Language Council of Norway,Spelling decisions since 2012 (in Norwegian, retrieved 12.21.20)

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian NynorskWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediann

Noun

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gen n (definite singulargenet,indefinite pluralgen,definite pluralgena)

  1. (biology) agene

Usage notes

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  • Prior to a revision in 2020, this noun was also considered grammatically masculine.[1] The formsgenen,genar, andgenane were then made obsolete.

References

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  1. ^Language Council of Norway,Spelling decisions since 2012 (in Norwegian, retrieved 12.21.20)

Old English

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*ju.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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ġēn

  1. still,yet
  2. again,further

Old High German

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Etymology

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The formgēn appears early on inBavarian, later spreading to eastern and southernFranconian and to the newly developingEast Central German. Its origins are unknown. One theory invokes the original paradigm ofProto-West Germanic*gān, which had*ai in the 2nd and 3rd persons singular of the present; compareMiddle Low Germangân > he geit, modernColognianjonn > hä jeiht, etc. The Old High Germanē might thus be explained as a compromise vowel betweenā andei. What lends credence to this theory is the fact that Old High Germanē cannot have developed regularly in the given position, as it only occurs beforeh, r, w, and word-finally.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɡeːn/,(early)[ɡɛːn]

Verb

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gēn

  1. Alternative form ofgān(to go)

Descendants

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See also

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Old Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Celtic*gʷenom.

Noun

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gen n orf

  1. smile,laugh
  2. sport,levity
Inflection
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TheDictionary of the Irish Language believes that this was a u-stem, while Matasović disputes this classification since*giun would be expected from such a stem due to raising and u-infection; he declares it an o-stem.[1] All forms except the nominative are unattested.

Neuter o-stem
singulardualplural
nominativegenNgenNgenL,gena
vocativegenNgenNgenL,gena
accusativegenNgenNgenL,gena
genitiveginLgengenN
dativegiunLgenaibgenaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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gen f

  1. sword
Inflection
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Feminine ā-stem
singulardualplural
nominativegenLginLgenaH
vocativegenLginLgenaH
accusativeginNginLgenaH
genitivegineHgenLgenN
dativeginLgenaibgenaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

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Mutation ofgen
radicallenitionnasalization
gengen
pronounced with/ɣ(ʲ)-/
ngen

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^Matasović, Ranko (2009)Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden:Brill,→ISBN,page146

Old Occitan

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Adjective

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The templateTemplate:pro-adj does not use the parameter(s):
fpl=gentas
Please seeModule:checkparams for help with this warning.

gen m (feminine singulargenta,masculine pluralgens,feminine pluralgentas)

  1. attractive;pleasing;nice;fair;pleasant
    • 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour(Wikisource)
      Logens tems de pascor
      The pleasant time of Easter

References

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Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl

Etymology

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Internationalism; compareEnglishgene,Frenchgène,GermanGen, ultimately fromAncient Greekγενεᾱ́(geneā́).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen inan (related adjectivegenowy)

  1. (genetics)gene(theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms; it may take several values and, in principle, predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair color)
  2. (literary)gene(trait inherited from ancestors)

Declension

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Declension ofgen
singularplural
nominativegengeny
genitivegenugenów
dativegenowigenom
accusativegengeny
instrumentalgenemgenami
locativegeniegenach
vocativegeniegeny

Related terms

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adverbs
nouns

Further reading

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  • gen inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • gen in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • gen in PWN's encyclopedia

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatingenus. The particle sense is likely to be acalque ofEnglishlike.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen n (pluralgenuri)

  1. type,sort,kind
    Synonyms:fel,soi,tip
    ceva degenul(informal)something of thesort
  2. (dated) way of being,manner,attitude
  3. genre
  4. (grammar)gender
  5. (sociology)gender
  6. (taxonomy)genus

Declension

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Declension ofgen
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativegengenulgenurigenurile
genitive-dativegengenuluigenurigenurilor
vocativegenulegenurilor

Particle

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gen(colloquial)

  1. Filler word:like.
  2. Precedes a quotation or description:like.

Derived terms

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References

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Spanish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromGermanGen.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen m (pluralgenes)

  1. gene

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Swedish

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Norsegegn(straight, direct).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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gen (comparativegenare,superlativegenast)

  1. gain; short, direct
Related terms
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Etymology 2

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FromGermanGen.

Noun

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gen c

  1. gene
Declension
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Declension ofgen
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitegengens
definitegenengenens
pluralindefinitegenergeners
definitegenernagenernas
Related terms
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References

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Anagrams

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Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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FromEnglishagain.

Adverb

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gen

  1. again
    • 1989,Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea,Jenesis2:21:
      Orait God, Bikpela i mekim man i slip i dai tru. Na taim man i slip yet, God i kisim wanpela bun long banis bilong man na i pasimgen skin bilong dispela hap.
      →New International Version translation

Turkish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOttoman Turkishكیك(geñ), fromProto-Turkic*kēŋ(wide, broad).

Cognate withYakutкиэҥ(kieñ,wide),Bashkirкиң(kiñ),Kazakhкең(keñ), etc.

Adjective

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gen

  1. (obsolete, dialectal)wide
    Synonym:geniş
    Antonym:dar
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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gen (definite accusativegeni,pluralgenler)

  1. (colloquial) Afield that wasn't plowed for several years.

Etymology 3

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Borrowed fromFrenchgene.

Noun

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gen (definite accusativegeni,pluralgenler)

  1. (biology)gene
Declension
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Declension ofgen
singularplural
nominativegengenler
definite accusativegenigenleri
dativegenegenlere
locativegendegenlerde
ablativegendengenlerden
genitivegeningenlerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singularplural
1st singulargenimgenlerim
2nd singulargeningenlerin
3rd singulargenigenleri
1st pluralgenimizgenlerimiz
2nd pluralgeninizgenleriniz
3rd pluralgenlerigenleri
definite accusative
singularplural
1st singulargenimigenlerimi
2nd singulargeninigenlerini
3rd singulargeninigenlerini
1st pluralgenimizigenlerimizi
2nd pluralgeninizigenlerinizi
3rd pluralgenlerinigenlerini
dative
singularplural
1st singulargenimegenlerime
2nd singulargeninegenlerine
3rd singulargeninegenlerine
1st pluralgenimizegenlerimize
2nd pluralgeninizegenlerinize
3rd pluralgenlerinegenlerine
locative
singularplural
1st singulargenimdegenlerimde
2nd singulargenindegenlerinde
3rd singulargenindegenlerinde
1st pluralgenimizdegenlerimizde
2nd pluralgeninizdegenlerinizde
3rd pluralgenlerindegenlerinde
ablative
singularplural
1st singulargenimdengenlerimden
2nd singulargenindengenlerinden
3rd singulargenindengenlerinden
1st pluralgenimizdengenlerimizden
2nd pluralgeninizdengenlerinizden
3rd pluralgenlerindengenlerinden
genitive
singularplural
1st singulargenimingenlerimin
2nd singulargeniningenlerinin
3rd singulargeniningenlerinin
1st pluralgenimizingenlerimizin
2nd pluralgeninizingenlerinizin
3rd pluralgenleriningenlerinin

Vietnamese

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen

  1. gene

Usage notes

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  • This is one of the rare cases in which a word's pronunciation differs from its spelling.

Derived terms

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Vurës

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Etymology

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FromProto-Torres-Banks*ɣani, fromProto-Oceanic*kani, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*kaən, fromProto-Austronesian*kaən.[1] Cognate withMaorikai,Malaymakan.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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gen

  1. toeat(foods other thanmeat)

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^Catriona Malau (September 2021) “gen”, inA Dictionary of Vurës, Vanuatu (Asia-Pacific Linguistics),Australian National University Press,→DOI,→ISBN, page75

Welsh

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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gen

  1. (colloquial)first/second-personsingular ofgan

Zhuang

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Etymology

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FromProto-Tai*qeːnᴬ(arm). Cognate withThaiแขน(kɛ̌ɛn),Northern Thaiᨡᩯ᩠ᨶ,Laoແຂນ(khǣn),ᦶᦃᧃ(ẋaen),Tai Damꪵꪄꪙ,Shanၶႅၼ်(khěn).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gen (1957–1982 spellinggen)

  1. (anatomy)arm

Zou

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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gen

  1. (transitive) tosay

References

[edit]
  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013)A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page41
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=gen&oldid=84087999"
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